http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
The least squares mean of positive Hilbert-Schmidt operators
Lawson, J.,Lim, Y. Academic Press 2013 Journal of mathematical analysis and applications Vol.403 No.2
We show that, the least squares mean on the Riemannian manifold Σ of positive operators in the extended Hilbert-Schmidt algebra of linear operators on a Hilbert space equipped with the canonical trace metric is the unique solution of the corresponding Karcher equation. This allows us to conclude that, the least squares mean is the restriction of the Karcher mean on the open cone of all bounded positive definite operators, and hence inherits the basic properties of that mean. Conversely, the Karcher mean on the positive definite operators is shown to be the unique monotonically strongly continuous extension of the least squares mean on Σ.
A Prosodic Study of Tennyson's "The Lady of Shalott", The 1832 and 1842 Versions
Lawson, Tom O. 연세대학교 인문과학연구소 1984 人文科學 Vol.51 No.-
In composition one's mechanics should not be apparent or glaring. Tennyson's mechanics certainly are not. The fact that no one else has done a close study of Tennyson's prosody in “The Lady of Shalott” testifies to the sublety of Tennyson's adroit use of rhyme and meter in this poem. The sublety of his prosody seems to have caused it to escape earlier critical attention. One simply does not notice the prosodic structure of the poem because it is so well done, but the great skill in composing and the great care in revising it become obvious once the two versions are scrutinized. Tennyson adjusted his poem carefully, removing hypercatalectic lines and trimming many lines down to a catalectic state. He removed his caesuras, and then placed two in that rapid slide of verse that appears at the end of the poem, in order to affect a final resistance of the fairy world against the onrush of the real world. He added more trochaic lines and adjusted the trochaic lines which were troubled. He formed a clear leitmotif with trochaic lines in the poem, using them to represent the fairy world and contrasting them to the iambs which represent the real world. He crowned the trochaic leitmotif with the marvelous carol of the dying Lady, the last instance of the trochaic leitmotif. Tennyson reduced the number of perfect lines in the revision and then juxtaposed many of the remaining perfect lines with the trochaic flights in order to contrast the two. Throughout his composition he adhered to Pope's dictum that in poetry sounds must echo sense. Thus my study has supported what critics have been saying about this poem for more than a hundred years: Tennyson's revision was a very skillful and fortunate one and the resultant version is a work of invaluable merit.
Lawson, Anton E.,Clark, Brian,CramerMeldrum, Erin,Falconer, Kathleen A.,Sequist, Jeffrey M.,Kwon, Yong Ju 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 2000 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.10 No.1
The primary purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that two general developmentally based levels of hypothesis-testing skills exist. The first hypothesized level presumably involves skills associated with testing hypotheses about observable causal agents; the second presumably involves skills associated with testing hypotheses involving unobservable entities. To test this hypothesis, a hypothesis-testing skills test was developed and administered to a large sample of college students both at the start and at the end of a biology course in which several hypotheses at each level were generated and tested. The predicted positive relationship between level of hypothesis-testing skill and performance on a transfer problem involving the test of a hypothesis involving unobservable entities was found. The predicted positive relationship between level of hypothesis-testing skill and course performance was also found. Both theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed. ⓒ 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 37: 81-101, 2000
Correlates of gendered vocational development from middle childhood to young adulthood
Lawson, Katie M.,Lee, Bora,Crouter, Ann C.,McHale, Susan M. Elsevier 2018 Journal of vocational behavior Vol.107 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Most research on the developmental correlates of gendered vocational aspirations and attainment utilizes cross-sectional designs and begins in adolescence or later. This study used longitudinal data collected from U.S. youth from age 11 to 26 to: (1) chart their gendered vocational development, that is, the gender typicality of vocational aspirations in middle childhood and adolescence and attainment in young adulthood; and (2) examine childhood gendered attributes as predictors of gendered vocational development. Results revealed that gendered vocational development differed for men and women: women's aspirations in childhood and adolescence were less gender-typical compared to their vocational fields attained in young adulthood, whereas men's remained gender-typical from childhood to young adulthood. Further, childhood attributes predicted aspirations and attainment <I>and</I> their developmental trajectory.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Gendered vocational development from childhood to adulthood differed for men and women. </LI> <LI> Females aspired to less but entered more stereotypical vocational fields. </LI> <LI> Males aspired to and attained stereotypical vocational fields from childhood to adulthood. </LI> <LI> Childhood attributes predicted gendered aspirations and attainment. </LI> <LI> Childhood gender-typical skills predicted gendered vocational developmental trajectory. </LI> </UL> </P>