Polygoum Tinctoria와 합성 인디고 염료의 물리화학적 특성 비교

최창용,장미경,공병기,최혜영,나상권,이동병,양숙향,나재운 한국공업화학회 2002 응용화학 Vol.6 No.2

The natural dye substances appear to have a lot of benefits that enable the dyed materials to exhibit their natural colors. It may have a bit of a harmful influence on the human body itself, in comparison with the synthetic substances. It also causes hardly any environmental pollution because of the natural chemicals and costs much less to disposal. In this study was investigated physicochemical characterization of polygoum tinctoria dye substance and synthetic indigo. Calcium hydroxide was added into polygoum tinctoria leaves to precipitate dye substances and it was freezing dried into powder form. Characterizations of dye substances were investigated by UV/VIS spectrophotometer, TLC, DSC, TGA, HPLC, and MALDI-TOF Mass. Resultantly, polygoum tinctoria was confirmed that is consisted of two ingredients from these results.

Inhibitory Effects of Licochalcone A and Isoliquiritigenin on Monocyte Adhesion to TNF-$\alpha$-activated Endothelium

Kwon Hyang-Mi,Lim Soon Sung,Choi Yean-Jung,Jeong Yu-Jin,Kang Sang-Wook,Bae Ji-Young,Kang Young-Hee The Korean Nutrition Society 2005 Nutritional Sciences Vol.8 No.3

Numerous natural herbal compounds have been reported to inhibit adhesion and migration of leukocytes to the site of inflammation Licorice extracts, which have been widely used in traditional Chinese medicinal preparation, possess various pharmacological effects. Isoliquiritigenin, a biogenetic precursor of flavonoids with various pharmacological effects, is a natural pigment present in licorice. We attempted to explore whether licorice extracts and isoliquiritigenin mitigate monocyte adhesion to tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ (TNF-$\alpha$)-activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). In addition, it was tested whether the inhibition of monocyte adhesion to the activated HUVEC accompanied a reduction in vascular cell adhesion molecule-l expression(VCAM-l). Dry-roasted licorice extracts in methylene chloride but not in ethanol markedly interfered with THP-l monocyte adhesion to INF-$\alpha$-activated endothelial cells. licochalcone A compound isolated from licorice extract in methylene chloride appeared to modestly inhibit the interaction of THP-l monocytes and activated endothelium. In addition, isoliquiritigenin abolished the monocyte adhesion with attenuating VCAM-l protein expression on HUVEC induced by INF-$\alpha$. These results demonstrated that non-polar components from dry-roasted licorice extracts containing licochalcone A as well as isoliquiritigenin were active in blocking monocyte adhesion to cytokine-activated endothelimn, which appeared to be mediated most likely through the inhibition of VCAM-l expression on HUVEC. Therefore, licorice may hamper initial inflammatory events on the vascular endothelium involving induction of endothelial cell adhesion molecules.

Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Tissues of Helicoverpa assulta Larvae intoxicated with Bacillus thuringiensis Protein Crystals

Mi, Cheon Hyang,Kang, Young Jin,Kang, Seok Kwon,Seo, Sook Jae 한국잠사학회 1994 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.36 No.2

Surface changes of tissues caused by B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki б-endotoxin intoxication of Helicoverpa assulta were observed by scanning electron microscopy.Bt-endotoxin crystals induced the erosion and disruption on the surface of all tissues tested. The results revealed that the toxin binds to all exposed plasma membranes without apparent specificity for particular membrane domains.

Blockade of cytokine-induced endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression by licorice isoliquiritigenin through NF-kappaB signal disruption.

Kwon, Hyang-Mi,Choi, Yean-Jung,Choi, Jung-Suk,Kang, Sang-Wook,Bae, Ji-Young,Kang, Il-Jun,Jun, Jong-Gab,Lee, Sang-Soo,Lim, Soon Sung,Kang, Young-Hee The Society 2007 Experimental biology and medicine Vol.232 No.2

<P>Numerous polyphenolic compounds have been found to inhibit adhesion and migration of leukocytes to sites of inflammation that are partly regulated by the expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAM) such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1). Licorice root extracts have been used in traditional Chinese, Tibetan, and Indian medicine for the treatment of pulmonary diseases and inflammatory processes. Expression of CAM proteins was examined in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) treated with a licorice component (isoliquiritigenin, 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid, glycyrrhizin, formononetin, or ononin) and exposed to TNF-alpha. The involvement of NF-kappaB in the transcriptional control of CAM proteins was assessed by degradation of IkappaBalpha and nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB using Western blotting techniques and immunocytochemical staining. At nontoxic > or =10 microM, isoliquiritigenin blocked the induction of VCAM-1 and E-selectin on activated HUVEC and markedly interfered with THP-1 monocyte adhesion to TNF-alpha-activated endothelial cells. Isoliquiritigenin abolished TNF-alpha-induced mRNA accumulation of VCAM-1 and E-selectin. Additionally, immunocytochemical staining revealed that isoliquiritigenin attenuated PECAM-1 expression induced by TNF-alpha. In contrast, other components recognized in licorice, 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid, glycyrrhizin, formononetin, and ononin did not down-regulate the expression of VCAM-1 and/or PECAM-1 activated by TNF-alpha, implying that these components are inactive in modulating adhesion of leukocytes to stimulated endothelial cells. Isoliquiritigenin downregulated CAM proteins in TNF-alpha-activated HUVEC at the transcriptional levels by blocking degradation of IkappaBalpha and nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB. These results demonstrate that the induction blockade of VCAM-1 and E-selectin by isoliquiritigenin was directly mediated by its interference with the CAM mRNA transcription through NF-kappaB-dependent mechanisms under inflammatory conditions.</P>

Inhibitory Effects of Licochalcone A and Isoliquiritigenin on Monocyte Adhesion to TNF-α-activated Endothelium

Hyang-Mi Kwon,Soon Sung Lim,Yean-Jung Choi,Yu-Jin Jeong,Sang-Wook Kang,Ji-Young Bae,Young-Hee Kang 한국영양학회 2005 Nutritional Sciences Vol.8 No.3

PRIMITIVE POLYNOMIAL RINGS

Kwon, Mi-Hyang,Kim, Chol-On,Huh, Chan The Youngnam Mathematical Society Korea 2000 East Asian mathematical journal Vol.16 No.1

We show that the intersection of two standard torus knots of type (${\lambda}_1$, ${\lambda}_2$) and (${\beta}_1$, ${\beta}_2$) induces an automorphism of the cyclic group ${\mathbb{Z}}_d$, where d is the intersection number of the two torus knots and give an elementary proof of the fact that all non-trivial torus knots are strongly invertiable knots. We also show that the intersection of two standard knots on the 3-torus $S^1{\times}S^1{\times}S^1$ induces an isomorphism of cyclic groups.

싹튼 콩으로 제조한 청국장의 발효기간에 따른 품질 변화

김미향(Mi-Hyang Kim),강우원(Woo-Won Kang),이난희(Nan-Hee Lee),권대준(Dae-Jun Kwon),권오준(O-Jun Kwon),정연신(Yeon-Shin Chung),황영현(Young-Hyun Hwang),최웅규(Ung-Kyu Choi) 한국식품과학회 2007 한국식품과학회지 Vol.39 No.6

본 연구에서는 24시간 동안 발아시킨 콩을 이용하여 제조한 청국장의 발효기간에 따른 품질변화를 확인하고자 하였다. 24시간 발아시킨 콩의 pH는 6.7이었으며, 발효가 진행됨에 따라 pH가 점차 증가하여 48시간 후 발효를 종료할 때 pH 7.4를 나타내었다. 발아된 아가콩으로 만든 청국장의 점질물은 발효 48시간 동안 지속적인 증가를 보여 발효 종료 시에는 5.89%로 36시간 발효 이후는 점질물의 함량의 증가는 다소 미비하였다. 유리당은 raffinose, sucrose, glucose 및 fructose가 검출되었으며, 발효가 진행됨에 따라 급격히 감소하였다. 24시간 발아된 아가콩의 유리아미노산의 함량은 391.0 mg%로 나타났으며, 48시간 발아된 아가콩의 유리아미노산은 10,994.8 mg%이었다. 발효 전기간 동안 glutamic acid가 가장 많았으며, aspartic acid, lysine, leucine, proline의 순이었다. 필수아미노산이 차지하는 비율은 전체 유리아미노산의 43%의 수준을 유지하였다. 발아 아가콩으로 만든 청국장의 관능검사 결과, 24시간 발아시킨 아가콩으로 제조한 청국장은 24-36시간 동안 발효시킨 것이 가장 우수하였다. This research was conducted to investigate the changes in quality characteristics of cheonggukjang made with 24-hr germinated soybeans during fermentation. Our study confirmed that the pH of the 24-hr germinated soybeans was 6.7, and the value increased as fermentation progressed. The amount of viscous substances in the cheonggukjang produced with the 24-hr germinated soybeans constantly increased to 5.89% at 36 hr of fermentation, and then remained unchanged. Free sugars (raffinose, sucrose, glucose, and fructose) rapidly decreased with the fermentation process. The levels of free amino acids in the 24-hr germinated agakong and the 48-hr fermented cheonggukjang were 391.0 and 10,994.8 mg%, respectively. Glutamic acid content was highest, followed by aspartic acid, lysine, leucine, and proline. The ratio of glutamic acid to total free amino acids at 48-hr of fermentation was 18.0%. Finally, it was confirmed that the sensory evaluation score of the 24-36 hr fermented cheonggukjang, made with the 24-hr germinated soybeans, was superior to that of the 24 and 48-hr fermented cheonggukjang.

Autophagy in microglia degrades extracellular 관-amyloid fibrils and regulates the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Cho, Mi-Hyang,Cho, Kwangmin,Kang, Hoe-Jin,Jeon, Eun-Young,Kim, Hun-Sik,Kwon, Hyung-Joon,Kim, Hong-Mi,Kim, Dong-Hou,Yoon, Seung-Yong Landes Bioscience 2014 AUTOPHAGY Vol.10 No.10

<P>Accumulation of 관-amyloid (A관) and resultant inflammation are critical pathological features of Alzheimer disease (AD). Microglia, a primary immune cell in brain, ingests and degrades extracellular A관 fibrils via the lysosomal system. Autophagy is a catabolic process that degrades native cellular components, however, the role of autophagy in A관 degradation by microglia and its effects on AD are unknown. Here we demonstrate a novel role for autophagy in the clearance of extracellular A관 fibrils by microglia and in the regulation of the A관-induced NLRP3 (NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3) inflammasome using microglia specific atg7 knockout mice and cell cultures. We found in microglial cultures that A관 interacts with MAP1LC3B-II via OPTN/optineurin and is degraded by an autophagic process mediated by the PRKAA1 pathway. We anticipate that enhancing microglial autophagy may be a promising new therapeutic strategy for AD.</P>

초등학교 과학영재학생과 일반학생의 시각탐색 과제수행에서 나타나는 시선 추적 특성

한미향(Han Mi Hyang),권승혁(Kwon Seung Hyuk),권용주(Kwon Yong Ju) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2015 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.15 No.8

이 연구는 초등학교 과학영재학생과 일반학생의 시각탐색 과제의 수행에서 나타 나는 시선추적 특성을 비교 분석하여 이들의 주의집중력을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 피험자들이 시각 탐색 과제를 수행하는 동안 나타나는 시선고정 수와 시선이 동 빈도를 시선추적기로 수집하여 분석하였다. 연구의 결과에 따르면, 시각 탐색 과 제 수행 시 초등과학 영재학생들이 일반학생들에 비해 시선 고정의 수(fixation number)가 많았다. 이는 초등과학 영재학생들이 일반학생들에 비해 목표물을 찾기 위해 효과적으로 주의를 집중하며, 보다 활발한 인지사고를 하고 있음을 의미한다. 또한, 초등과학 영재학생들은 이 과제의 수행에서 일반학생들에 비해 목표물간 시선 움직임이 많음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 초등과학 영재학생들이 일반학생들에게 비 해 목표물 탐지 능력이 우수하며 목표물을 찾는 시선의 움직임 효율성이 높다는 것 을 의미한다. 이처럼 초등과학 영재학생이 일반학생에 비해서 시선 고정 수와 시선 이동 빈도에서 효과적인 것을 볼 때, 시선추적 특성이 영재의 주의집중 특성을 나타 내주는 정량적인 지표로 활용될 수 있음을 보여주고 있다. This study was to analyze visual attention of eye-tracking on visual-search task in elementary science-gifted and general students. Subjects fixation number and attention shift data in ‘finding differences’ task was collected and analyzed using eye-tracker. The results have been shown that gifted students fixation number was higher than general students in the visual-search tasks. These results suggest that gifted students concentrate more effectively their attention to uncover the targets and perform more actively cognitive thinking than general students. In addition, higher eye-movement frequency between targets during task-performing was shown in gifted students compared with general students. These results interpret that gifted students have an excellent searching ability and higher visual search efficiency on target search compared with general students. Based on the data of fixation number and attention shift in students, this study might be proposed that the eye-tracking patterns have been regarded as a possible quantitative index for measuring student s visual attention properties.

Precipitation Hardening of a Cu-free Dental Gold Alloy for Multipurpose

Mi-Hyang Cho(조미향),In-Sook Lim(임인숙),Hee-Kyung Lee(이희경),Hyo-joung Seol(설효정),Yong-Hoon Kwon(권용훈),Hyung-Il Kim(김형일) 대한치과재료학회 2010 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.37 No.2