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Effects of Caponization and Testosterone on Bone and Blood Parameters of SCWL Male Chickens
Chen, Kuo-Lung,Tsay, Shiow-Min,Lo, Dan-Yuan,Kuo, Feng-Jui,Wang, Jiann-Hsiung,Chiou, Peter Wen-Shyg Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.5
This study was to investigate the caponization effects on bone characteristics in male chickens, and the optimum testosterone implantation dosage on bone characteristics improvement. Healthy Single Comb White Leghorn cockerels were caponized at 12-wk-old and selected at 16-wk-old for a 10-wk feeding experiment. Fifteen intact male and caponized male chickens (capon) respectively were assigned to trial 1. Ten sham-operated chickens and 40 capons (randomly allocated into four treatments) were implanted with cholesterol (1.62 mm i.d., 3.16 mm o.d., $9.24{\pm}0.36$ mg), low (1 mm i.d., 3 mm o.d., $5.88{\pm}0.23$ mg), medium (1.62 mm i.d., 3.16 mm o.d., $9.81{\pm}0.17$ mg) or high dose (2 mm i.d., 4 mm o.d., $16.7{\pm}0.24$ mg) of testosterone in trial 2. The results from trial 1 showed that the tibia length, relative tibia weight, breaking strength, bending moment and stress in intact males were higher than capons (p<0.05). The blood phosphorus concentration in capons was higher than the intact male chickens (p<0.05). Caponization also resulted in more antrums and osteoclasts within periosteum and cortical bone from histological observation. In trial 2, the adverse impact of caponization on the bone breaking strength, bending moment and stress could be alleviated through medium dose testosterone implantation. It appears that caponization reduced androgen secretion hence influenced the biomechanical characteristics of bone (tibia) and these adverse effects could be alleviated through appropriate dose of testosterone implantation.
Tayyaba Mateen,Kazuaki Okamoto,Sun-Lin Chung,Kuo-Lung Wang,Hao-Yang Lee,Shuhei Abe,Yuji Mita,Hafiz U. Rehman,Masaru Terabayashi,Hiroshi Yamamoto 한국지질과학협의회 2019 Geosciences Journal Vol.23 No.6
U-Pb-Hf isotopes of zircons from the granitic intrusive rocks in the Iwakuni area of southwest Japan are determined by LA-ICP-MS analysis. The Gamano Granodiorite belonging to the Older Ryoke Granites of the Ryoke Belt yielded U-Pb mean age of 92.3 ± 2.6 Ma (MSWD = 1.8). The Namera Granite belonging to the Younger Ryoke Granites of the Ryoke Belt yielded U-Pb mean age of 106.3 ± 1.6 Ma (MSWD = 2.3). The Shimokuhara Granite belonging to the Hiroshima Granites of the San-yo Belt yielded U-Pb mean age of 103.8 ± 1.5 Ma (MSWD = 0.32). A granite porphyry sample taken from about 15 m thick dike discordantly intruded into pelitic schist of the Ryoke metamorphic rocks yielded U-Pb mean age of 92.5 ± 1.6 Ma (MSWD = 0.63). Hf isotope data, obtained from the same dated zircon grains, show initial 176Hf/177Hf isotopic ratios referred to as “εHf(t)” generally ranging between –4.8 and +1.1 except an anomalously low value (–15.0) from an inherited core. The εHf(t) values, calculated with average crustal 176Lu/177Hf ratio of 0.015, correspond to Hf isotope crustal model ages between 1474 to 1087 Ma (Mesoproterozoic). The Gamano Graodiorite has long been regarded to be a syn-tectonic intrusion, but the zircon ages and εHf(t) values are similar to those of the post-tectonic granite porphyry dike. The results of this study together with available U-Pb zircon ages of granitic rocks in the Iwakuni area reported elsewhere reveal that the order of emplacement indicated by the U-Pb zircon ages are much discrepant with the traditional classification, the Older Ryoke, the Younger Ryoke. It is better to refrain from the use of “Older” and “Younger” for the collective names of the granitic intrusive bodies.
Detrital zircon evidence for the antiquity of Taiwan
Ching-Ying Lan,Tadashi Usuki,Kuo-Lung Wang,Tzen-Fu Yui,Kazuaki Okamoto,Yuan-Hsi Lee,Takafumi Hirata,Yoshitaka Kon,Yuji Orihashi,Juhn G. Liou,Chun-Sun Lee 한국지질과학협의회 2009 Geosciences Journal Vol.13 No.3
In-situ U–Pb geochronology and Hf isotopic studies of zircons from the Pre-Tertiary basement complex and Eocene rocks of the Central Range of Taiwan were carried out to elucidate the history of detrital zircons older than 2.3 Ga. Zircons from the eastern Backbone Range and Eastern Central Range show Paleoproterozoic to late Neoarchean ages (2.3 –³2.5 Ga), whereas those from the Hsuehshan Range yield Neoarchean to Mesoarchean ages (2.6–3.2 Ga). The εHf(T) for the Paleoproterozoic to late Neoarchean zircons varies from –7.4 to +5.1, implying both juvenile crustal growth and reworking of old crusts. This dual origin could extend back to Mesoarchean–Paleoarchean (3.0–3.4 Ga) based on Hf isotopic model ages. Consistent but narrower εHf(T) values and Hf crustal model ages for zircons from Taiwan compared to Cathaysia suggest a possible common origin for these zircons, although Taiwan has a generally younger crustal evolution history than SE China.