병적 담낭 상피세포내 점액질의 조직화학적 관찰

이희래,김순희,조정실,김옥경 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1978 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.1 No.1

The present study was performed to evaluate the histochemical properties of epithelial mucins in diseased gallbladders. 18 gallbladder specimens were selected in which metaplastic goblet cells had been observed. Of the specimens 9 were gallstone and 9 cholecystitis. For microscopic examination, tissues were sectioned at a thickness 5μm, and were stained with following histochemical techniques: Alcian blue at pH 1.0 or 2.5^13) and periodic acid Schiff's reaction (PAS).^12) Observed results were as follows: 1) In ordinary gallbladder the epithelial cells showed a predominance of sulphated mucosubstance. 2) In many case of cholelithiasis a typical goblet-typed epithelial cells were found in the top of folds. In large goblet cell area the relative proportion of sulphated acid mucin decreased and correspondingly non-sulphated acid mucin increased. 3) In the case of cholecystitis the intracellular mucin of high columnar epithelium predominated in the deep area of folds. 4) The neutral mucin predominated in the surface epithelium of gallbladder under pathological condition.

Development of Organic Material Recommendation System for Organic Rice Using Linear Programming

Cho-Rong Lee,Sang-Min Lee,Hyun Young Hwang,Jae-Hoon Shin,Jung-Hun Ok,Hong-Shik Nam,Jung-Lai Cho,Kwang-Su Kim,Nan-Hee An 한국토양비료학회 2021 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.54 No.4

Fertilizer recommendation system (FRS) is a useful method for environmentally friendly agriculture. However, the conventional FRS does not deal with organic materials such as green manure and oilcake, which used for domestic organic farming. In this study, we developed an organic material recommendation system (OMRS) using linear programming. This procedure calculates the amount of organic material that maximizes the fertilizer effect under constraints such as N input range and C/N ratio. A combination of two organic materials, including green manure etc., is considered. The procedure was tested in the R statistic program using lp_solve, a library for the mixed integer linear programming solver. Application of this model increased rice yield index than standard rate of fertilizer. This program was also implemented to Korea Soil Information System. This system will be useful for farmers to make decisions that meet their specific needs, such as organic resources, crop nutrient requirements, and environmental regulatory policies.

The Fate of <SUP>15</SUP>N-labeled Organic Materials Applied to Chinese Cabbages Cropping System

Cho-Rong Lee,Yura Oh,Bi-Na Song,Jung A Jung,Jeong-Lai Cho,Sang-Min Lee,Nan-Hee An 한국토양비료학회 2020 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.53 No.1

Nitrogen added to farmland is used to plants or remains in soil, or is lost to environment. We incorporated <SUP>15</SUP>N-labeled materials (Chemical fertilizer (CF), green manure (GM), livestock compost (LC), GM+LC, and oil cake (OC) to soil and cultivated Chinese cabbages (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) and analyzed the <SUP>15</SUP>N recovery of crop and soil to investigate the fate of nitrogen. The results follow. The <SUP>15</SUP>Ncrop recovery of chemical fertilizer (CF) was the highest, and that of organic materials differed by type. The <SUP>15</SUP>Nsoil recovery of CF was the lowest, and that of organic materials was 3 - 6 times higher than CF. The <SUP>15</SUP>Nloss was not significantly difference between CF and organic materials (except GM+LC). As results, despite of the same amount of nitrogen input, there was the difference in plant uptake and soil residue between organic materials and CF. Nitrogen of CF is used to Chinese cabbages more than organic materials, however most of the remaining nitrogen is estimated to be lost to the environment. Therefore, CF might be hard to occur residual effect in the next cropping season. In organic materials, nitrogen is less used to Chinese cabbages than CF, but remains in soil more than CF. Therefore, organic materials might be useful for improving soil fertility and have a residual effect in the next cropping season. We suggest that these properties of organic materials should be taken into account in calculating the amount of applied fertilizer in organic farming where mainly organic materials are used. Moreover, it is necessary to investigate the cumulative and residual effects of continuous input of the same organic materials.

The Fate of 15N-labeled Organic Materials Applied to Chinese Cabbages Cropping System

Cho-Rong Lee,Yura Oh,Bi-Na Song,Jung A Jung,Jeong-Lai Cho,Sang-Min Lee,Nan-Hee An 한국토양비료학회 2020 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.53 No.1

Nitrogen added to farmland is used to plants or remains in soil, or is lost to environment. We incorporated15N-labeled materials (Chemical fertilizer (CF), green manure (GM), livestock compost (LC), GM+LC, andoil cake (OC) to soil and cultivated Chinese cabbages (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) and analyzed the 15Nrecovery of crop and soil to investigate the fate of nitrogen. The results follow. The 15Ncrop recovery ofchemical fertilizer (CF) was the highest, and that of organic materials differed by type. The 15Nsoil recovery ofCF was the lowest, and that of organic materials was 3 - 6 times higher than CF. The 15Nloss was not significantlydifference between CF and organic materials (except GM+LC). As results, despite of the same amount ofnitrogen input, there was the difference in plant uptake and soil residue between organic materials and CF. Nitrogen of CF is used to Chinese cabbages more than organic materials, however most of the remainingnitrogen is estimated to be lost to the environment. Therefore, CF might be hard to occur residual effect in thenext cropping season. In organic materials, nitrogen is less used to Chinese cabbages than CF, but remains insoil more than CF. Therefore, organic materials might be useful for improving soil fertility and have a residualeffect in the next cropping season. We suggest that these properties of organic materials should be taken intoaccount in calculating the amount of applied fertilizer in organic farming where mainly organic materials areused. Moreover, it is necessary to investigate the cumulative and residual effects of continuous input of thesame organic materials.

피복식물용 얼치기완두와 새완두의 생장에 미치는 파종조건과 질소공급량 추정

조정래(Jung Lai Cho),최현석(Hyun Sug Choi),이연(Youn Lee),김창석(Chang Seok Kim),이인용(In Yong Lee) 韓國雜草學會 2011 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.31 No.1

나비나물속 주요 잡초인 얼치기완두와 새완두의 출현과 생장량 그리고 질소공급량에 대해서 파종깊이와 파종시기가 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 구명하기 위해서 2007년과 2008년에 수행되었다. 두 초종 모두 2005년 6월에 충청남도 당진군에서 채종되어 2년 이상 상온에서 보관한 후 사용하였다. 얼치기완두와 새완두에는 6월 하순 이후에 발생하여 유묘 상태로 월동한 후에 기온이 상승하는 4~5월에 크게 신장하여 5월에 개화하고 6월 중순 이후에 고사하였다. 새완두는 얼치기완두에 비해서 대체적으로 높은 출현율과 생육량을 나타내었다. 피복식물로 파종할 때의 적기는 8월 하순 ~ 9월 상순이고 파종심도는 1~5cm 이었다. 얼치기완두와 새완두의 생육성기 지상부의 질소공급량은 각각 43.8과 55.5kg ha-1으로 추정되었다. This study was established to investigate the effects of seeding depth and seeding time on the emergence, growth, and N production of Vicia tetrasperma and V. hirsuta in 2007 and 2008. All seeds of both species were gathered from Dangjin, Chungnam in late June of 2005 and stored for two year at room temperature. Both V. species began to germinate at the end of June, passed the winter with the seedling stage, rapidly increased their height in April and May, were in full bloom in May, and then withered after entering mid-June. V. hirsuta had higher emergence rate and growth compared to those of V. tetrasperma. The optimum seeding time and seeding depth for a cover cropping was from late August to early September and from 1 to 5 cm, respectively. V. tetrasperma and V. hirsuta had a satisfactory growth and provided 43.8 and 55.4 kg ha-1of N, respectively.

피복식물용 자생잡초 얼치기완두와 새완두 종자의 저장방법이 발아에 미치는 영향

조정래(Jung Lai Cho),최현석(Hyun Sug Choi),이연(Youn Lee),김창석(Chang Seok Kim),이인용(In Yong Lee) 韓國雜草學會 2011 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.31 No.1

자생잡초인 얼치기완두와 새완두를 피복식물로 이용하기 위해 이들 종자의 저장기간 및 방법, 온도 및 광조건이 발아율에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위한 시험을 수행하였다. 2004년과 2005년 6월에 충청남도 당진에서 채종하여 일정기간 상온에서 저장한 종자를 15/5℃, 20/10℃, 25/15℃, 30/20℃ (주/야) 조건에서 발아율을 조사하였다. 2004년과 2005년에 얼치기 완두와 새완두 모두 채종후 3개월 동안 상온에서 저장한 후의 발아율은 30% 이하로 낮게 나타났다. 2005년에 채종되어 12개월 상온저장 후 25/15℃로 처리한 얼치기완두는 82%의 높은 발아율을 보였으며, 시간이 경과함에 따라서 발아율이 증가하는 양상을 나타내었다. 반면에 새완두는 채종 6, 9, 12개월 후에 33%에서 53%의 발아율을 보여 저장기간이 발아율에 별다른 영향을 미치지 않았다. 얼치기완두와 새완두 종자는 저온보다는 상온에서 저장하는 것이 효과적이었으며, 광이나 고온처리가 발아에 영향을 미치지는 않았다. This study was conducted to evaluate germination rate of Vicia tetrasperma and V. hirsuta as affected by storage duration, temperature, and light. All seeds of both species were gathered from Dangjin, Chungnam in the late June of 2004 and 2005, stored for a certain period of time, and then exposed for 20 days to the alternating temperatures (15/5℃, 20/10℃, 25/15℃, and 30/20℃) for evaluating the germination rate. Both 2004 and 2005, two species stored at room temperature for 3 months had germination rates less then 30% with applying various alternating temperatures for 20 days although the highest germination rate was obtained with 25/15℃ treatment. V. tetrasperma at 12 month storage after seed gathering in 2005 had 82% of germination rate with 25/15℃ treatment and showed the increased rate as time passed. V. hirsuta at 6, 9, and 12 month storage after seed gathering in 2005 ranged, however, from 33 to 53% of the germination rate at alternating temperature treatments for 20 days and did not seem to be affected by the elapsed time of the storage. Storage at room temperature was more effective for increasing germination rate of both species compared to those of the storage at low temperature. The germination rate of both species was not significantly affected by either exposure of light or short period of high temperature.

신규 유기농경지에서 지속적인 퇴비 및 녹비 공급방법에 따른 토양의 비옥도 변화 모니터링

옥정훈 ( Jung-hun Ok ),안난희 ( Nan-hee An ),이병모 ( Byung-mo Lee ),조정래 ( Jung-lai Cho ),신재훈 ( Jae-hoon Shin ),공민재 ( Min-jae Kong ),정정아 ( Jung-ah Jung ) 한국농공학회 2014 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2014 No.-

Monitoring for soil fertility change according to continuous organic supply of organic compost and green manure in newly organic field was conducted in iseo-myeon, wanju-kun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, where is relocated for Rural Development Administration. Due to the newly reclaimed field, this experiment site soil was very low fertility and low physico-chemical properties. Several organic supply way for organic agricultural practices were applied organic compost such as compost and green manure during 3 years. The other way for conventional agricultural practice was applied chemical fertilizer, and control without fertilizer. The pH, electric conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), C/N ratio, available phosphate (Av.P₂O₅), and exchange cation in soil were monitored continuously during 3 years. Soil fertility in organic compost treatment was improved compare to chemical fertilizer treatment and control. The concentration in organic compost treatment was increased continually and closed to the recommended rate of soil fertilizer (Fig 1).

고추재배 시 피복작물에 의한 피복율 변화와 잡초발생 양상

조정래(Jung-Lai Cho),최현석(Hyun-Sug Choi),이연(Youn Lee),이병모(Byung-Mo Lee),안난희(Nan-Hee An),박광래(Kwang-Lai Park),이지현(Ji-Hyun Lee) 韓國雜草學會 2011 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.31 No.4

나비나물속 주요 잡초인 얼치기완두와 새완두를 이용하여 고추 피복재배 기술을 개발하기 위해서 2008년과 2009년에 수행되었다. 두 초종 모두 2006년 6월에 충청남도 당진군에서 채종되어 2년 이상 상온에서 보관하였다. 피복재배 시 주요 월동 잡초는 냉이이고 주요 하절기 잡초는 돌피, 바랭이, 닭의장풀 이었다. 월동 우점잡초 냉이는 고추의 생육과 수량에 영향이 거의 없었다. 얼치기완두와 새완두 피복재배로 고추재배후기까지 피복도가 유지되었고 잡초발생을 현저하게 억제 하였다. 이에 따라 피복재배에 의해 고추 수량은 무처리구와 비교해서 통계적으로 유의성 있게 높았고, 관행재배에 비해서는 비슷하게 나타났다. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of seeding of Vicia tetrasperma and V. hirsuta on the rate of ground cover as well as growth and yield of organic pepper plants in 2008 and 2009. All seeds of both species were gathered from Dangjin, Chungnam in late June of 2006 and stored for two year at room temperature. Capsella bursapastoris, Echinoloa crus-galli, Digitaria ciliaris, and Commelina communiswas were observed as main weeds during the winter and summer, respectively, at the field of V. tetrasperma and V. hirsuta. C. bursapastoris did not affect growth and yield of pepper plants. Seeding of V. tetrasperma and V. hirsuta maintained high percentage of ground cover later in the growing season of pepper plants and reduced significant amounts of weed in 2009. V. tetrasperma and V. hirsuta, therefore, produced more pepper yield compared to that of control but similar yield to the conventional system (polyethylene film).

나비나물속 잡초의 분포, 생태 및 잡초발생 억제효과

조정래(Cho, Jung Lai),김창석(Chang Seok Kim),강충길(Chung Kil Kang),문병철(Byeong Chul Moon),박재읍(Jae Eup Park) 韓國雜草學會 2009 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.29 No.1

나비나물속 월년생 잡초의 피복식물 이용 가능성을 알아보기 위하여 주요 초종의 전국적인 분포와 생태를 조사하고 밭작물 재배 시의 잡초억제 효과를 시험하였다. 4초종 중에서 살갈퀴가 전국적으로 가장 넓게 분포하고 있었으며 이어 얼치기완두, 새완두 순이었다. 얼치기 완두와 새완두는 6월 하순 이후에 발생하여 유묘 상태로 월동한 후에 기온이 상승하는 4~5월에 크게 신장하였고 5월에 개화하고 6월 중순 이후에 고사하였다. 얼치기완두를 피복식물로 이용하여 고추를 이식재배한 결과, 정식 후 90일까지 88%의 잡초발생을 억제하였고, 생육과 수량도 관행이 흑색 비닐멀칭과 비슷하였다. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the distribution, ecological habits and weed suppressive ability of winter annuls, genus Vicia in Korea. Among the tested four Vicia species, the most distribution was found in V. angustifolia, followed by V. hirsuta and V. villosa, in that order. V. tetrasperma and V. hirsuta emerged on the late July, over-wintered at early growth stage, showed rapid growth on April and May, bloomed on May, at last end in summer depression on June. When the soil was covered with V. tetrasperma in the red pepper field, weeding effect was by 88%, and yield was also similar to polyethylene mulching which is conventional method.

소형 라이시미터를 활용한 유기자재에 따른 유기농 논물에서의 무기태질소 동태

옥정훈 ( Jung-hun Ok ),신재훈 ( Jae-hoon Shin ),조정래 ( Jung-lai Cho ),안난희 ( Nan-hee An ),남홍식 ( Hong-shik Nam ),정지희 ( Ji-hee Jeong ),정정아 ( Jung-ah Jung ),김석철 ( Seok-chol Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2016 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2016 No.-

Behavior of inorganic nitrogen in organic paddy field water depending on organic nutrient sources was monitored using mini-lysimeters. The mini-lysimeters were placed in National institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS). 36 undisturbed paddy field soil samples of 30 × 80 cm (diameter × height) was collected by special sampler and installed in mini-lysimeters. After stabilization of lysimeters, several input treatments of organic nutrient sources were applied, including compost, expeller cake and green manures of hairy vetch and rye. Each nutrient source as recommended by the standard amount of fertilizer for rice was supplied 2 weeks before rice transplanting. The water level was maintained 10 cm water depth, and water samples were collected periodically. The pH, specific electrical conductance (EC), and inorganic nitrogen concentration in paddy water was monitored during the experimental period. The average pH value in paddy water was ranged from 7.1 to 7.7. The average EC value in paddy water were ranged from 0.25 to 0.97, and showed to appear higher tend rye > compost > hairy vetch > expeller cake > chemical fertilizers > control. The change of inorganic nitrogen concentration in paddy water is shown in figure 1. The inorganic nitrogen concentrations quickly reached their highest within 26 days after organic nutrient application and decreased afterwards. The inorganic nitrogen concentration for expeller cake and green manure treatments were higher as compared to that for compost and chemical fertilizers treatments. The increasing and decreasing of inorganic nitrogen concentration showed different trends according to the processing of organic nutrient sources.