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Aerodynamic topology optimization on tip configurations of turbine blades
Min Zhang,Yan Liu,Jinguang Yang,Yuefang Wang 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.7
The topology optimization (TopOpt) is adopted in this article to design tip geometries of a turbine blade. Its principle is to modify the porosity, which is one for fluid and is zero for solid. A CFD method coupled with source terms is implemented for numerical simulations. Moreover, to update the porosity, a quasi-sensitivity and an adjoint sensitivity analysis schemes are integrated with the method of moving asymptotes algorithm, respectively. The TopOpt is conducted to design the tip profile of a 2D tip model and of nine axial sections in a 3D turbine blade. Optimized tips are reconstructed and their performance is verified by experiments and CFD. Results indicate that the re-designed novel tip, which has a convexconcave-convex form and is different from flat and cavity tips, has good performance due to getting rid of flow separations above the tip. Hence, the optimized tip can lower total pressure loss in the gap region.
Genome-wide comparative analysis of the codon usage patterns in plants
Shizhong Zhang,Jinguang Huang,Ning Li,Yuanyuan Li,Chengchao Zheng 한국유전학회 2016 Genes & Genomics Vol.38 No.8
Codon usage analysis has been a classical area of study for decades and is important for evolution, mRNA translation, and new gene discovery. Recently, genome sequencing has made it possible to perform studies of the entire genome in plant kingdoms. The base composition of the coding sequence, codon usage pattern, codon pairs, and related indicators of relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU), including the Fop, Nc, RSCU, CAI and GC contents, were analyzed. We found that the GC content of single-celled algae is the highest, whereas dicotyledons are the lowest. Moreover, the base composition of plants is similar within the same family. In addition, the GC content of the second base of the codon is lower than the first and third base. In conclusion, the codon usage characteristics are opposite in Gramineae, single-celled algae, fern and dicotyledon, moss, and Pinaceae. Furthermore, the degree of codon usage bias is decreasing with evolution. Therefore, we hypothesize that the lower the plants, the more that they must optimize codons and that higher plants no longer need to optimize codons.
Research on Forces and Dynamics of Maglev Wind Turbine Generator
Nianxian Wang,Yefa Hu,Huachun Wu,Jinguang Zhang,Chunsheng Song 한국자기학회 2013 Journal of Magnetics Vol.18 No.4
Maglev wind turbine generator (MWTG) technology has been widely studied due to its low loss, low maintenance cost, and high reliability. However, the dynamics of the magnetic bearing system differ fromthe those of the traditional mechanical bearing system. A horizontal axial MWTG supported with a permanent magnetic bearing is designed in this research and the radial forces and the natural frequencies of the rotor system are studied. The results show that the generatorhas a cyclical magnetic forceand an unreasonable bearing stiffness may mean that the rotor system needs to work in the resonance region; the bearing stiffness is the key factor to avoid this problem. This is the main rule of the bearing stiffness design in the MWTG, and this rule can also be used in other maglev permanent magnet motors.
Lusha Ji,Cheng-Chao Zheng,Rui Xu,Longtao Lu,Jiedao Zhang,Guodong Yang,Jinguang Huang,Changai Wu 한국분자세포생물학회 2013 Molecules and cells Vol.36 No.2
Nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs) regulate the higher-order organization of chromatin and affect the expression of their flanking genes. In this study, a tobacco MAR, TM6, was isolated and demonstrated to remarkably increase the expression of four different promoters that drive gusA gene and adjacent nptII gene. In turn, this expression enhanced the transformation frequency of transgenic tobacco. Deletion analysis of topoisomerase II-binding site, AT-rich element, and MAR recognition signature (MRS) showed that MRS has the highest contribution (61.7%) to the TM6 sequence-mediated transcription activation. Micrococcal nuclease (MNase) accessibility assay showed that 35S and NOS promoter regions with TM6 are more sensitive than those without TM6. The analysis also revealed that TM6 reduces promoter DNA methylation which can affect the gusA expression. In addition, two to-bacco chromatin-associated proteins, NtMBP1 and NtHMGB, isolated using a yeast one-hybrid system, specifically bound to the TM6II-1 region (761 bp to 870 bp) and to the MRS element in the TM6II-2 (934 bp to 1,021 bp) region, respectively. We thus suggested that TM6 mediated its chromatin opening and chromatin accessibility of its flanking promoters with consequent enhancement of transcription.