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Jang, Sun-Hee,Park, Jisang,Kim, Sae-Hae,Choi, Kyung-Min,Ko, Eun-Sil,Cha, Jeong-Dan,Lee, Young-Ran,Jang, Hyonseok,Jang, Yong-Suk TaylorFrancis 2017 PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY Vol.55 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Context:</B> Red ginseng (heat-processed <I>Panax ginseng</I>) is a well-known alternative medicine with pharmacological antidiabetic activity. It exerts pharmacological effects through the transformation of saponin into metabolites by the intestinal microbiota. Given that intestinal conditions and intestinal microflora vary among individuals, the pharmacological effects of orally administered red ginseng likely may vary among individuals.</P><P><B>Objective:</B> To overcome this variation and produce homogeneously effective red ginseng, we evaluated the antidiabetic effects of probiotic-fermented red ginseng in a mouse model.</P><P><B>Materials and methods:</B> The antidiabetic efficacy of orally administered probiotic-fermented red ginseng was assessed in ICR mice after induction of diabetes using streptozotocin (170 mg/kg body weight). Samples were given orally for 8 weeks, and indicators involved in diabetic disorders such as body weight change, water intake, blood glucose, glucose tolerance and various biochemical parameters were determined.</P><P><B>Results:</B> Oral administration of probiotic-fermented red ginseng significantly decreased the level of blood glucose of about 62.5% in the fasting state and induced a significant increase in glucose tolerance of about 10.2% compared to the control diabetic mice. Additionally, various indicators of diabetes and biochemical data (e.g., blood glycosylated haemoglobin level, serum concentrations of insulin, and α-amylase activity) showed a significant improvement in the diabetic conditions of the mice treated with probiotic-fermented red ginseng in comparison with those of control diabetic mice.</P><P><B>Discussion and conclusion:</B> Our results demonstrate the antidiabetic effects of probiotic-fermented red ginseng in the streptozotocin-induced mouse diabetes model and suggest that probiotic-fermented red ginseng may be a uniformly effective red ginseng product.</P>
환경적 간호중재가 개심술 환자의 중환자실섬망증, 환경적 스트레스 및 수면에 미치는 효과
장인실 (Jang, In Sil),최미혜 (Choi, Mi Hye) 병원간호사회 2008 임상간호연구 Vol.14 No.2
Purpose: To examine the effects of the environmental nursing intervention using eye-shields and earplugs on the incidence of delirium, environmental stress and sleep among the patients with open-heart surgery in the post-cardiac ICU(intensive care units). Method: This study was a non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design. The subjects consisted of 93 patients who received ICU care after the cardiac surgery. Among those, 32 subjects was assigned in one experimental group with eye-shields, 31 in the other experimental group with earplugs, and 30 in the control group. ICU delirium was measured by CAM-ICU, environmental stress by ICUESS, and sleep by two sleep scales developed by Oh, et al. and Kim. The data were analyzed by the SPSS 13.0 program including frequency, percentage, t-test, χ² test, ANOVA and ANCOVA. Results: There are no statistically significant differences in the incidence of delirium among three groups (p=.139). The ICU environmental stress scores from the subjects of two experimental groups demonstrated lower (F=6.731, p=.002) than the control group. Also, the degrees of sleep pattern (p=.000, p=.000) and sleep satisfaction (p=.000, p=.000) were greater than those of the control group. Conclusion: Although the environmental nursing intervention using eye-shields and earplugs did not demonstrate the effects in decreasing the incidence of ICU delirium, it has affirmative effects in decreasing environmental stress and improving the quality sleep among the patients with open-heart surgery while they stay in ICU. Further nursing implications are discussed.
장실(Jang Sil) 한국노어노문학회 2007 노어노문학 Vol.19 No.3
도스또옙스끼의 작품 속에는 많은 이콘들이 자주 등장하고 있지만 거의 모든 경우 그 명칭이나 형상에 대한 세부 묘사는 생략된다. 이것은 세속적인 사실적 묘사가 그것의 신성함을 해칠 수 있다는 신심 깊은 작가의 배려이다. 그보다 중요한 것은 플롯 속에서 작용하는 이콘의 의미와 역할의 상징성을 보다 확대시키기 위한 작가의 창조적 표현 예술의 일면이다. 이콘과 관계하는 작품 속 등장인물은 이콘파괴와 이콘숭배라는 상반된 행위와 사고를 통하여 풀기 어려운 인간본성의 모순을 드러낸다. 이콘이 상징하는 이와 같은 모순 이미지는 도스또 옙스끼의 작품 세계에서 일관된 제 삼의 명제를 제시하면서 독자 스스로가 그에 대한 해답을 찾게 한다. 이 문제는 특히 《온순한 여인》에서 보다 간단명료하게 노정된다. 남편의 엄격한 제도와 정신적 속박을 벗어나기 위하여 온순한 여인은 자신의 상징물과도 같은 성모 이콘을 손에 들고 창문에서 뛰어내려 자살한다. 화자가 혼잣말로 외치는 짧고 환상적인 이야기의 틀 속에서, 성모 이콘의 모티프가 얼마나 중요한 상징적 의미를 갖는지, 또한 종교적 의미에서의 이 콘 자체가 지닌 파괴와 숭배라는 극단의 양면성은 어떤 형태의 합일로 주인공을 형상화하는지 밝히는 것이 이 논문의 주제이다.