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M Phase-Specific Phosphorylation of DNA Topoisomerase IIα in HeLa Cells
Bae, Young-Seuk,Lee, Sook-Ja,Kwak, Sang-Soo Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 1996 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.29 No.1
Using topoisomerase II (topo II) isozyme-specific antibodies, we investigated the phosphorylation of topo $II{\alpha}$ in mitotic HeLa cells. Topo $II{\alpha}$ was specifically modified in the mitotic cells, resulting in slow migration on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. To characterize the nature of this modification, we treated the nuclear extracts prepared from the mitotic cells with alkaline phosphatase. After the treatment with alkaline phosphatase, the slowly migrated band disappeared and instead a normal (170 kDa) topo $II{\alpha}$ band appeared. These results indicate that human topo $II{\alpha}$ is modified at a specific site(s) in M phase by phosphorylation, supporting the possibility that M phase-specific phosphorylation of topo II is critical for mitotic chromosome condensation and segregation.
Ja Young Jang,Jihyun Kim,Jingmei Cai,Youngeun Kim,Kyungha Shin,Tae-Su Kim,Sung-Pyo Lee,Sung Kyeong Park,Ehn-Kyoung Choi,Yun-Bae Kim 한국실험동물학회 2014 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.30 No.2
The effects of an ethanolic extract of Angelica gigas (EAG) on the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and high-cholesterol diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis were investigated. Rat aortic VSMCs were stimulated with platelet-derived growth factor-BB (25 ng/mL) for the induction of DNA synthesis and cell proliferation. EAG (1-10 μg/mL) significantly inhibited both the thymidine incorporation and cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by feeding male New Zealand white rabbits with 0.5% cholesterol in diet for 10 weeks, during which EAG (1% in diet) was given for the final 8 weeks after 2-week induction of hypercholesterolemia. Hypercholesterolemic rabbits exhibited great increases in serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) levels, and finally severe atheromatous plaque formation covering 28.4% of the arterial walls. EAG significantly increased high-density lipoproteins (HDL), slightly decreased LDL, and potentially reduced the atheroma area to 16.6%. The results indicate that EAG attenuates atherosclerosis not only by inhibiting VASC proliferation, but also by increasing blood HDL levels. Therefore, it is suggested that EAG could be an alternative or an adjunct therapy for the improvement of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.
Nattokinase improves blood flow by inhibiting platelet aggregation and thrombus formation
Ja-Young Jang,Tae-Su Kim,Jingmei Cai,Jihyun Kim,Youngeun Kim,Kyungha Shin,Kwang Sei Kim,Sung Kyeong Park,Sung-Pyo Lee,Ehn-Kyoung Choi,Man Hee Rhee,Yun-Bae Kim 한국실험동물학회 2013 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.29 No.4
The effects of nattokinase on the in vitro platelet aggregation and in vivo thrombosis were investigated in comparison with aspirin. Rabbit platelet-rich plasma was incubated with nattokinase and aggregation inducers collagen and thrombin, and the platelet aggregation rate was analyzed. Nattokinase significantly inhibited both the collagen- and thrombin-induced platelet aggregations. Nattokinase also reduced thromboxane B2 formation from collagen-activated platelets in a concentration-dependent manner. Rats were orally administered with nattokinase for 1 week, and their carotid arteries were exposed. Arterial thrombosis was induced by applying 35% FeCl3-soaked filter paper for 10 min, and the blood flow was monitored with a laser Doppler probe. Nattokinase delayed the FeCl3-induced arterial occlusion in a dose-dependent manner, doubling the occlusion time at 160 mg/kg. In addition, a high dose (500 mg/kg) of nattokinase fully prevented the occlusion, as achieved with aspirin (30 mg/kg). The results indicate that nattokinase extracted from fermented soybean inhibit platelet aggregation by blocking thromboxane formation, and thereby delay thrombosis following oxidative arterial wall injury. Therefore, it is suggested that nattokinase could be a good candidate without adverse effects for the improvement of blood flow.
Perilla oil improves blood flow through inhibition of platelet aggregation and thrombus formation
Ja-Young Jang,Tae-Su Kim,Jingmei Cai,Jihyun Kim,Youngeun Kim,Kyungha Shin,Kwang-Sei Kim,Sung-Pyo Lee,Myung-Hwa Kang,Ehn-Kyoung Choi,Man-Hee Rhee,Yun-Bae Kim 한국실험동물학회 2014 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.30 No.1
The inhibitory effects of perilla oil on the platelet aggregation in vitro and thrombosis in vivo were investigated in comparison with aspirin, a well-known blood flow enhancer. Rabbit platelet-rich plasma was incubated with perilla oil and aggregation inducers collagen or thrombin, and the platelet aggregation rate was analyzed. Perilla oil significantly inhibited both the collagen- and thrombin-induced platelet aggregations, in which the thromboxane B₂ formation from collagen-activated platelets were reduced in a concentration-dependent manner. Rats were administered once daily by gavage with perilla oil for 1 week, carotid arterial thrombosis was induced by applying 35% FeCl₃-soaked filter paper for 10 min, and the blood flow was monitored with a laser Doppler probe. Perilla oil delayed the FeCl₃-induced arterial occlusion in a dose-dependent manner, doubling the occlusion time at 0.5 mL/kg. In addition, a high dose (2 mL/kg) of perilla oil greatly prevented the occlusion, comparable to the effect of aspirin (30 mg/kg). The results indicate that perilla oil inhibit platelet aggregation by blocking thromboxane formation, and thereby delay thrombosis following oxidative arterial wall injury. Therefore, it is proposed that perilla oil could be a good candidate without adverse effects for the improvement of blood flow.
Sang-Woo Hur,Chi-Hoon Lee,Hea-Ja Baek,Hyung-Bae Kim,Young-Don Lee 한국발생생물학회 2011 한국발생생물학회 학술발표대회 Vol.30 No.-
Light characteristics are very specific in the aquatic environment. Fish vision and different light spectra perception are related to each species’ natural habit. Light is one of the main environmental conditions and can be easily manipulated in artificial rearing settings. Cholecystokinin (CCK) and mucus-secreting goblet cells are the main regulators of digestion. In this study, we established whether the light spectrum (natural condition, full spectrum: green, 520 nm; red, 590 nm, and blue, 480 nm) influences growth performance and digestive activity related to CCK mRNA expression and mucus-secreting goblet cell activity in order to develop a good management protocol and optimal rearing system for the longtooth grouper. For each light spectrum, fish were reared 12 weeks under a flow-through system and fed commercial pellet diets once daily. At the end of the experiment, the final body weights differed among the fish reared under different light spectra. The highest growth performance value was observed in fish reared under the green light condition. On the other hand, the growth performances of fish in the natural and blue light conditions were drastically decreased in last 3 weeks of the experiment. CCK mRNA expression and mucus-secreting goblet cell activity were significantly higher in the fish under green light condition than in the fish under the natural, red, and blue light conditions. Rearing of the longtooth grouper under the green light condition had positive effects on fish growth performance and digestion. We recommend that the appropriate light spectrum for the artificial culture of the longtooth grouper is the green light condition from the perspective of growth performance and the synergistic effects of CCK and mucus-secreting goblet cells. However, longer light treatment periods are needed in future investigations to clarify the effects of light spectrum on the longtooth grouper. Together with the findings of the present study, such studies would result in better understanding of the digestive physiology and contribute to the development of optimal rearing management for commercial production of the longtooth grouper.
( Sung Soo La ),( Dong Woo Kim ),( Ki Chul Shin ),( Se Young Yun ),( Suk Bae Kim ),( Jung Eun Shin ),( Hong Ja Kim ),( Il Han Song ) 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-
Background/Aims: Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, reflecting the degree of hepatic necroinflammation, is one of the most frequently measured liver tests in persons who are suspected to have liver disease. But current upper limit of normal (ULN) of ALT, 40 IU/L, often can not detect the subclinical liver disease with minimal to mild inflammation. We, therefore, evaluated the ULN of ALT of healthy adult subjects in order to assess the necessity of revision for currently accepted reference range of ALT. Methods: 23,898 adult subjects who visited for medical examination at Health Promotion Center, Dankook University Hospital, from January 2005 to December 2006, were retrospectively enrolled in the present study. We excluded the adults who had HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV, VDRL, history of current medication and alcohol consumption more than 40 g/week, and high risks for liver disease defined as BMI more than 23 kg/m2, serum cholesterol level more than 240 mg/dL, triglyceride more than 200 mg/dL, fasting glucose more than 115 mg/dL, and ultrasonographic liver diseases including fatty change. We defined updated ULN of ALT as activity below 95th percentile for each gender. Results: 5,994 adults (2,983 men, 2,961 women) met the inclusion criteria of this present study. Updated ULN of ALT levels were 38 IU/L in men and 25 IU/L in women. This ALT activity showed a tendency to increase according to age increase, and revealed positive correlation with the ultrasonographic degree of fatty liver. Serum ALT activity below 95th percentile of HBsAg or anti-HCV positive carrier subjects, whose medical conditions were equal to those of enrolled healthy subjects in aspect of biochemical and ultrasonographic finding, were 75 IU/L and 77 IU/L, respectively. Conclusions: Updated ULN of ALT was lower than currently accepted ALT activity. Considering age and gender, current reference range of serum ALT level should be revised for the detection of subclinical liver diseases such as fatty liver.
The Role of Corticosteroids in Stress-Induced Gastric Ulceration in Rats
Sang Kuk Byun,Yea Eun Lee,Sunhee Shin,Ja Young Jang,Byong-il Choi,Dongsun Park,Jeong Hee Jeon,Sang-Seop Nahm,Seock-Yeon Hwang,Yun-Bae Kim 한국실험동물학회 2007 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.23 No.2
Although the mechanism of stress-induced gastric ulcer has not been defined yet, it is clear that gastric ulcer is occurred by stress. Moreover, the gastric ulcerogenic action of corticosteroids that increase in blood during stress is controversial. To elucidate the involvement of corticosteroids in stress-induced gastric ulceration, we used adrenalectomized or macrophage-depleted animals. Rats were bilaterally-adrenalectomized and were given saline solution as a drinking water for 6 days. Separately, the animals for macrophage depletion were intraperitoneally administered with silica (SiO₂, 500 ㎎/㎏) for 6 days prior to challenge with water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS) for 4 hr. Adrenalectomy greatly reduced blood cortisol concentrations. Also, silica treatment lowered the number of macrophages to 48% of control and the differential count from 7.34% in normal animals to 2.48%, leading to a marked decrease in blood cortisol and corticosterone levels. WIRS significantly enhanced corticosteroid levels in normal and sham operated rats, and induced severe gastric ulcers. In contrast, adrenalectomy and silica treatment remarkably attenuated the stress-induced gastric ulceration, reducing the ulcer index to 30% and 10% of control level, respectively. Taken together, it is suggested that compensatory secretion of corticosteroids following macrophage activation may playa role in stress-induced gastric ulceration.