골프장 경기보조원의 근골격계 자각증상과 관련 요인

허경화,한영선,정혜선,구정완 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.1

목적: 직업관련성 근골격계질환과 관련된 여러 가지 위험요인에 노출되어 있는 경기보조원의 작업내용과 관련하여 근골격계 증상 유발 양상을 파악하고, 근골격계 증상 관련 요인을 파악하고자 하였다. 방법: 경기도 지역에 있는 6개 정규 골프장을 대상으로 경기보조원 316명에 대하여 2003년 4월 9일부터 4월 30일까지 3주간 설문지를 배부한 후 자기 기입 식으로 작성하게 하여 수거함으로써 자각증상 조사를 실시하였으며, 설문지는 미국 산업안전보건연구원이 사용하는 표준화된 설문지(NIOSH, 1993)의 국내 번역판(노상철 등, 1997)을 이용하였다. 결과: 조사대상 경기보조원의 신체 부위별 근골격계 자각증상 호소율은 다리/무릎/발목/발이 41.8%로 가장 높은 증상 호소율을 보였으며 어깨 35.8%, 등/허리 35.8%, 목 28.8%, 팔/손목/손가락 28.5% 순 이었다. 성수기의 1일 근무시간이 팔/손목/손가락 부위를 제외한 나머지 부위에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 경기보조원의 업무특성과 관련하여 골프장의 경사와 굴곡의 정도, 내장객의 폭언 및 폭행, 업무의 속도를 조절할 수 없음, 일의 육체적 부담의 강도, 고용의 불안정성, 직장을 잃을 가능성 등이 근골격계 자각증상과 유의한 연관성을 보였다. 직무스트레스 특성에서는 정신적 직무요구도가 높은 반면, 낮은 직무 재량도를 보여 근무긴장도가 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 다변량 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시한 결과 목 부위, 어깨 부위, 등/허리 부위 및 다리/무릎/발목/발 부위의 근골결계 증상에는 성수기 12시간 이상의 근무시간이, 팔/손목/손가락 부위의 증상에는 낮은 직무 재량도에서 유의한 영향을 미치는 요인으로 관찰되었다(P<0.05). 결론: 경기보조원의 근골격계 증상은 과중한 업무시간과 높은 직무요구도에 비해 낮은 직무재량도를 보이는 고긴장 직무 등에 의해 호소율이 높게 나타남을 알 수 있다. 근골격계 질환의 호소 요인에 대한 구체적인 대안의 마련과 더불어 정부기관에서 주도적으로 검토하여 경기보조원들이 속해있는 골프장 운영업체가 근골격계질환의 예방을 위한 조치와 경기보조원의 건강과 관련한 안전보건교육 등을 시행할 수 있도록 하는 방안이 마련되어야 할 것으로 본다. Objectives: This study evaluated the complaint rates of musculoskeletal symptoms and investigated the related factors of musculoskeletal symptoms in the caddies. Methods: For 316 caddies working at 6 regular golf courses, we used the self-recording questionnaires to examine general characteristics, job stress factors, subjective musculoskeletal symptoms designed by NIOSH, working environments, and working contents. Results: The complaint rates of musculoskeletal symptoms according to the musculoskeletal criteria of NIOSH were 41.8% in leg/knee/ankle/foot, 35/8% in the upper back/lower back, 28.8% in the neck, and 28.5% in the arm/wrist/fingers. Important factors affecting musculoskeletal symptoms were daily working hours during the high-demand seasons in all anatomical sites except the arm/wrist/fingers. Other related factors were degrees of winding and inclined in the golf courses, violent language and violence of customers, inability to regulate the velocity and work load control, heavy physical burden, instability of employment, and possibility of unemployment according to the specialty of caddies. As a results of multivariate logistic regression analysis, musculoskeletal symptoms of the neck, shoulders, back/lower back and leg/knee/ankle/foot were significantly influenced by working time over 12 hours in the high-demand season, and symptoms of the arm/wrist/fingers by low decision latitude (P<0.05). Conclusions: The complaint rates of musculoskeletal symptoms in the caddies were affected by working time over 12 hours and low decision latitude against excessively high psychological job demand.

제주도에서 브루셀라에 의해 발생한 특발성 세균성 복막염

허상택,조유경,김영리,이근화,윤지완,고관수,박미연,최영실 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.1

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is the common infectious disease in liver cirrhosis patients with a fever. Brucellosis is a rare cause of bacterial peritonitis. A case indigenous to a citizen of Jeju, he ate a raw veal of cow four times in last 2 months prior to admission. The gram-negative bacilli were isolated from blood and peritoneal fluid cultures. He was confirmed brucellosis by serologic work- ups. This isolate was confirmed as Brucella abortus by using PCR amplification of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and omp2. This is the first case of bruellosis that was diagnosed spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in liver cirrhosis patient among native korean citizens. Successful treatment was obtained by using a regimen of doxycycline and gentamicin. Brucella should be suspected as a cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients with no response to standard spontaneous bacterial peritonitis treatments. 브루셀라증은 전 세계적으로 발생하는 인수공통 전염병중의 하나로, 국내에서도 해마다 환자가 증가하고 있는 상황이다. 본 증례는 간경화 환자에서 환자의 잘못된 지식을 바탕으로 소 태아 육회를 섭취한 이후 복수와 발열을 주소로 내원한 환자이다. 상기 과거력이 환자의 질환과의 직접적인 연관성을 밝히기는 어려우나 환자의 진단을 추정하는데 도움이 되었으며, 이러한 가능성을 배제하기 위해서라도 국내 유통에 있어서 좀더 적극적인 대체가 필요하다 하겠다. 상기 환자는 브루셀라에 의해 발생한 특발성 세균성 복막염 환자로 제주도에서 발생한 내국인의 첫 증례이기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

검도수련에 있어 좌선坐禪에 관한 고찰

김영학,허건식,백경화 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 1997 武道硏究所誌 Vol.8 No.2

It can be thought kumdo practice is a kind of discipline to train both body and mind, so to speak, a method to train in both ways, physically and spiritually. Kumdo is systematically trained. In training of kumdo training of the Zen, i. e., Sitting-In-Zen(坐禪), is created on the base of the Buddhist monism of body and mind which bases the art of the Zen-martial Art(禪武). It is considered that the basic training of the kumdo appears in combination of both concepts of Buddhism and Taoism. Sitting in Zen in the kumdo is to cultivate the idea to calmly accept the entity(substance) of the life(生) of the Zen sect of Buddhism, thereby find delicate equibility. And it bases the Zen which emphasizes nowaday self-realization. Therefore, it can be thought that the ultimate step of self-realization through the kumdo, an Do(道, way), appears in the training of sitting in Zen(坐禪). The achievement of an Do(道, Way) in kumdo represents the self-completion surpassing the completion of the art of kumdo, meaning a step not depending on art or technical skill but surpassing limited thought or self-conciousness. Sitting in Zen(坐禪) in kumdo training is recognized as the very important before and after training. In the aspect of the Zen, the method of sitting in Zen(坐禪) regards how to pose and breath so important. To put the posture in order is necessary for the body to accustom to concentration, and breathing is a derect means to acquire concentration. Such sitting in Zen(坐禪) is done before and after the training of the art of kumdo, and however sitting in Zen(坐禪) before the training and that after the training differ a little each other. Sitting in Zen(坐禪) is a way to take the posture to be present at the training of and to stabilize the violent state.

水稻 直播栽培에 關한 硏究 : (Ⅰ)栽培方法이 節間長에 미치는 影響

趙東三,許華永,朴成圭,尹洪載,金泰秀 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1989 農業科學硏究 Vol.7 No.2

Data on internode length obtained from cultural experiments on seeding date, seeding method and seeding rate in direct seeding cultivation of rice in 1989 were analyzed to investigate the rela-tionship between internode length and lodging. In general, internode length appeared to be longer in earlier plantings except May 11 planting which had longer internode than those of other plantings. Seeding in flooded condition as well as higher seeding rate resulted in longer internode length. Culm diameter leas greater in the order of April 21 > May 11 > May 21 > May 1 plantings, and drilled in upland condition > broadcasting in upland condition > seeding in flooded condition, while the higher the seeding rate, the greater the culm diameter was. Except seeding in upland condition and seething rate of 3kg/10a which showed lodging degree of 1, all other treatments resulted in severe lodging with degree of 7.

Retinoic Acid Improves Differentiation of MAC-T Cell by Synergetic Effect with Prolactin

Hwa Young Lee,Young Tae Heo,Nam Hyung Kim 한국동물번식학회 2012 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.36 No.2

A New Cold Tolerant, High Forage and Grain Yielding Winter Oat Cultivar “Samhan”

Hwa-Young Heo,Hyong-Ho Park,Maing-Jung Kim,Sun-Woo Choi,Kwang-Geun Park,Jung-Hyun Nam,Jung-Gon Kim,Choon-Ki Lee,Young-Up Kwon 한국육종학회 2003 한국육종학회지 Vol.35 No.4

Samhan (Avena sativa L.), a winter forage oat was released by the National Crop Experiment Station (NCES) in2001. Samhan was selected from the cross Early 80/CI 7518. CI 7518 is a winter oat line that was obtained from UnitedStates Department of Agriculture (USDA). Subsequent generations followed by the cross were handled in bulk and pedigree selec-Suwon, and was designated as a line name of Gwiri 37. Samhan was subsequently evaluated for winter hardiness and forageyield in Suwon, Unbong and Iksan from 2000 to 2001. Over 2 years, the average forage yield of Samhan harvested at May 10was 7.1 ton ha1, compared with 2.76 ton ha1 for Ol and 2.96 ton ha1 for Swan. Samhan is about 6 days later than Olfor heading date. Samhan is adapted primarily for winter planting for forage use in the central regions of Republic of Korea.

Genetics of Self-fertility and Selection of Self-Fertile Lines in Rye (Secale cereale L.)

Heo, Hwa-Young,Hong, Byung-Hee,Seong, Rak-Chun,Ha, Yong-Woong The Korean Society of Crop Science 2000 Korean journal of crop science Vol.45 No.5

Rye breeding using F$_1$ hybrid began about 30 years ago, when cytoplasmically inherited forms of male sterility (CMS) and corresponding nuclear restorers were detected. It is very important to produce inbred lines for making hybrid lines because of strong self-incompatibility in rye. Among the 456 rye germplasms used in hybrid breeding scheme, 24 lines (5.3%) had the above 60% of self-fertility, and six lines of them were selected for their good agronomic characteristics and were used for subsequent inbreeding program. The average self-fertility of selected six lines was 78.4%, ranging from 72.2 to 99.5%. Genetic analysis for the self-fertility using $F_2$ populations showed that the segregation of self-fertile and sterile plants in F$_2$populations could be fit into 3 to 1 ratio suggesting self-fertility in rye be controlled by one major gene. The four different self-fertile lines, PI237923, 5C11, 5G5 and Florida black, had the same self-fertility gene because their F$_2$ plants showed almost the same self-fertility as their parents and showed no genetic segregation.

The Study of Factors Affecing Bone Turnover Marker in Korean Women

Hwa-Young Kim,Young-Ran Heo 한국식품영양과학회 2011 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2011 No.10

Retinoic Acid Improves Differentiation of MAC-T Cell by Synergetic Effect with Prolactin

Hwa Young Lee,Young Tae Heo,Nam Hyung Kim 한국동물번식학회 2012 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.36 No.2s

MAC-T cells, bovine mammary epithelial cell line, have been utilized to investigate bovine lactation system. A lactogenic phenotype of the cell is generally induced by combination of dexamethasone, insulin and prolactin (PRL). Effect of vitamin A derivative retinoic acid (RA), well reported as an inducer for differentiation in many cells, to MAC-T cell has not been studied. The objective of this study was to confirm effect of differentiation potential by RA treatment in MAC-T cells and to test effect of combination of RA and PRL treatment. In RA or PRL treatment groups, both has induced morphological change to secrete milk of MAC-T cells. Combination of RA and PRL treatment group has presented noticeable lactogenic phenotype among the all group. This phenotype observed at four days after treatment and showed critical morphological change that was rouphly spherical structure at eight days. RA alone treatment showed slightly inhibition of proliferation in the MAC-T cells, but co-treatment with PRL was improved the cell growth more than control group. MTT assay result and Bcl-xL/Bax ratio of mRNA abundance also was entirely consistent with earlier one. RA-induced differentiation of MAC-T cells has increased αs1-casein, αs2-casein and β-casein mRNA expression compared to PRL treatment group. Expression of αs1-casein, αs2-casein and β-casein genes represented the maximum value in the combination of RA and PRL treatment group at four days. The value of each casein gene expression was 4-, 5.5- and 5.9-fold, respectively, as compared with PRL alone treatment in the MAC-T cells. Protein level of β-casein releasing to the medium also induced the highest level at four days. These results provide evidence that RA can induce the differentiation of MAC-T cells and have synergetic effect with PRL.

A New Cold Tolerant, High Forage and Grain Yielding Winter Oat Cultivar "Samhan"

Hwa Young Heo,Hyong Ho Park,Maing Jung Kim,Sun Woo Choi,Kwang Geun Park,Jung Hyun Nam,Jung Gon Kim,Choon Ki Lee,Young Up Kwon 한국육종학회 2003 한국육종학회지 Vol.35 No.5