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Study on the Vehicle-Induced LTAS Law of the Tunnel in Diatomite Area
Huijian Zhang,Shuai Zhang,Wei Fang,Gongning Liu,Wenshan Gao,Zuoyang Jiang,Kai Liu 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.4
Due to the weak characteristics of diatomite, excessive settlement may happen under long-term dynamic vibration load and affect the later operation of trains, while there are few researches on the dynamic response of highway tunnel in diatomite yet. Taking the Feifengshan high-speed railway tunnel project as the study case, the impact of different reinforcement parameters on long-term accumulated settlement (LTAS) rule of the highway tunnel in the diatomite area under train load is studied by numerical simulation and layer-wise summation method (LWSM). The results reveal that tunnel LTAS in diatomite area mainly appears in the first and the second years of the running stage of train, and the LTAS in these two years accounts for half of the ultimate stable LTAS. The longer the pile length (PL) and the larger the pile diameter (PD), the smaller the dynamic deviatoric stress (DDS) and LTAS. However, when pile lengths or pile diameter exceed a certain range (PL = 16 m or the PD = 150 mm), the control effect of increasing the PL and PD on the LTAS of the tunnel in diatomite is no longer significant. This indicates that there exist preferred values of the PL and PD. There are few cases of the construction of highway tunnels in the diatomite area before the engineering project in this paper yet. Hence, this paper will provide a reference to the construction of the foundation reinforcement scheme of high-speed railway tunnels in diatomite layer.
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‘크기’와 관련된 비유 표현의 한·중 언어문화적 차이에 대한 연구 - 중국인 학습자의 ‘명사+만 하다’ 구문 사용 양상을 중심으로
張會見(Zhang Huijian),유소영(Yoo, So-young) 국어국문학회 2021 국어국문학 Vol.- No.196
한국어에서는 겁이 나거나 겁이 많은 것을 ‘콩알’에 빗대어 ‘간이 콩알만 하다’라는 표현이 관습적으로 쓰인다. 동일한 의미를 중국어에서는 ‘胆小如鼠(간이 쥐만 하다)’로 표현하는 한편, ‘豆大的汗珠(콩알만 한 구슬땀)’처럼 ‘콩알’은 ‘물방울이 크다’의 의미를 나타내기도 한다. 이처럼 언어 공동체가 공유하고 있는 세상에 대한 경험과 문화적 배경, 백과사전적 지식 등에 의하여 비유의 양상은 달라질 수 있다. 이러한 연유로 언어마다 차이를 보이는 관습적인 비유 표현은 외국어를 배우는 학습자에게 더욱 어려운 과제가 될 수 있다. 본고는 이 점에 착안하여 ‘명사+만 하다’ 구문과 그에 대응되는 중국어 표현을 대조하여 비유 표현에서 보이는 한·중 언어문화적 차이를 매개어와 표현구조 두 가지 측면에서 분석하였다. 나아가 이러한 언어문화적 차이로 인하여 중국인 학습자들이 ‘만 하다’ 비유 표현을 생산할 때 표현구조의 선택과 매개어의 선택 두 가지 측면에서 어려움을 겪을 수 있다는 것을 학습자 말뭉치와 설문조사를 통해 확인하였다. 이를 통해 언어가 지니고 있는 문화적 요소 또한 한국어 교육의 내용으로 삼는 것이 중요하다는 교육적 시사점을 도출할 수 있었다. In Korean, it is customary to use “the liver is as big as a bean” as a metaphor for fear. In Chinese, the same meaning is expressed as “the liver is as big as a mouse”. In this way, each language differs in the method of using Similes. Focusing on this point, this paper will reveal the Linguistic Cultural differences between Korean and Chinese Simile expressions, and explore whether this will affect Chinese learners in learning Korean. First, we compare the differences between Korean and Chinese Simile sentences that express the same meaning. Then we investigated the impact of these differences when Chinese learners produce “Noun+man-hada” phrases. It has been confirmed that different Modes of Expression and different Vehicles in the mother tongue will have an impact on Korean learners’ learning of the phrase “Noun+man-hada”. It is important to recognize this subtle Linguistic Cultural difference in Korean language education as a foreign language.
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Jian Pan,Huijian Zhang,Hongzhan Guo,Sunde Liu,Yuqing Liu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.5
This paper focuses on the identification of a multivariable controlled autoregressive-like (CAR-like) system. A joint identification algorithm of stochastic gradient and least squares is deduced for estimating the system parameters by decomposing the multivariable CAR-like system into two subsystems, which avoids the calculation of the matrix inversion. To further improve the parameter estimation accuracy, a joint identification algorithm of hierarchical multi-innovation stochastic gradient and least squares is proposed by using the multi-innovation identification theory. The simulation results confirm that these proposed algorithms are effective.
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An energy-based vibration model for beam bridges with multiple constraints
Shiping Huang,Huijian Zhang,Piaohua Chen,Yazhi Zhu,Enrique Zuazua 국제구조공학회 2022 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.82 No.1
We developed an accurate and simple vibration model to calculate the natural frequencies and their corresponding vibration modes for multi-span beam bridges with non-uniform cross-sections. A closed set of characteristic functions of a single-span beam was used to construct the vibration modes of the multi-span bridges, which were considered single-span beams with multiple constraints. To simplify the boundary conditions, the restraints were converted into spring constraints. Then the functional of the total energy has the same form as the penalty method. Compared to the conventional penalty method, the penalty coefficients in the proposed approach can be calculated directly, which can avoid the iteration process and convergence problem. The natural frequencies and corresponding vibration modes were obtained via the minimum total potential energy principle. By using the symmetry of the eigenfunctions or structure, the matrix size can be further reduced, which increases the computational efficiency of the proposed model. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach were validated by the finite element method.
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Case Study: Slope Stability Assessment Considering 3D Nonlinear Shear Strength
Kai Liu,Guocai Wang,Peng Yuan,Huijian Zhang 대한토목학회 2024 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.28 No.1
In this paper, factor of safety (FOS) considering three-dimensional (3D) and nonlinear shear strength of geomaterials is formulated based on the modified spatial mobilized plane (MSMP) model. The MSMP model has the desirable features of considering 3D strength and the nonlinear shear behavior of soils, compared with the widely used Mohr-Coulomb (M-C) model. The MSMP model is developed from the spatial mobilized plane model by relating the internal friction angle to the mean effective stress within the framework of critical state soil mechanics. Based on the developed MSMP model and the geometric relationships in the mobilized effective normal-shear stress plane, the nonlinear 3D FOS is defined as the ratio of mobilized shear strength to shear stress. The developed nonlinear 3D FOS is applied to slope parametric and case studies. The parametric studies show significant differences between the nonlinear 3D FOS by the MSMP model and the traditional linear two-dimensional (2D) FOS by the M-C model. The case study shows that the MSMP model and nonlinear 3D FOS can better capture the developed failure slope zone than the M-C model and linear 2D FOS.
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