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On the Early History of Indic Buddhist Colophons
Oskar von HINÜBER 동국대학교 불교학술원 2017 International Journal of Buddhist Thought & Cultur Vol.27 No.1
The word “colophon” is used since classical European antiquity to describe the formula at the end of a text or a manuscript. There is no exact equivalent to this term in ancient India with the exception of the Buddhist term nigamana. The relevant terms are discussed in a brief introduction. The history of colophons in ancient India begins already during the time of the oral text transmission in early Buddhist texts. Next, the earliest written colophons are found in inscriptions. As soon as the first manuscripts survive from ancient India, some colophons, which are mostly as fragmentary as the manuscripts themselves, come to light. Colophons are missing in the vast majority of fragmentary manuscripts, because the first and last folios of manuscripts are usually lost first. A rare example of a complete colophon from Kuṣāṇa times found a Vinaya manuscript recovered from Merv (Bairam Ali) is, consequently, of particular interest. After discussing this colophon together with certain features of the structure of the Vinaya manual to which it is attached, some colophons extant in the Gilgit Manuscript are investigated, particularly those of the Saṃghāṭasūtra and the Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra. Finally the development of the Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra colophons is traced beginning in 7th century Gilgit in various selected Nepalese manuscripts right into the 19th century. In an appendix the colophon to the Saddharmapuṇḍarīka manuscript Add. 1683 from Cambridge University Library is re-edited.
이신영,김치년,조영봉,오상용,노재훈 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.2
The limit of detection(LOD), pooled coefficient of variation(pooled CV), desorption dffciency(DE), and stability after desorption by pre-treatments was compared and evaluated for analyzing the Ethylene oxide(EO) sampling on HBr-coated Charcoal tube, The results were as follows: 1. The EO's LOD was 2,483ug/sample when using the desorptin solvent, benzene : CS2(99:1), and 1.919ug/sample after using DMF. The result of the sample that passed DMF desorption and was derivativized was 1.301ug/sample. 2. EO's pooled CV was 0.00503 when using the solvent benzene:CS(99:1), after desorption with DMF, the result was 0.00329, and the result of those derivativized by DMF desorption was 0.00514. 3. EO's DE using the solvent benzene:CS(99:1) was 92.13%, atter desorption with DMF, it was 102.75%, and the result of those studied after being derivativized by DMF desorption was 96.47%. 4. EO's stability for the sample with the solvent benzene:CS(99:1), comparing result of next-day analysis to same-day was 96.81% after desorption was 95.69% These results were in accordance with the less than 5% given by OSHA methoc 50. In conclusion, when pre-treatment of the EO in the HBr=coated charcoal, analyzing immediately after desorption by DMF is more simple, precise, and efficient than other analyzing methods, and the stabiity of the sample 24 hours after desorption was alst established.
In vitro stem cell differentiation for salivary gland regeneration: a comprehensive review
Hin Kei Kim,Seung Hoon Woo 대한의학레이저학회 2024 MEDICAL LASERS Vol.13 No.1
Salivary gland dysfunction significantly affects oral health and the quality of life, necessitating the development of effective regenerative therapies. In recent years, in vitro stem cell differentiation has emerged as a promising approach for salivary gland regeneration. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research in this field and discusses various types of stem cells, differentiation protocols, and the challenges and opportunities for translation to clinical practice. Additionally, we explore the potential of stem cell-based therapies which may revolutionize salivary gland regeneration and improve patient outcomes in the future.
Hin San Chow,Clarence Mak,Wai Yin Chu,Kwok Fai Cheung 소화기인터벤션의학회 2021 Gastrointestinal Intervention Vol.10 No.4
Iatrogenic air embolism is a rare and potentially fatal complication of gastrointestinal endoscopy. We present a 66-year-old male patient who developed cerebral arterial gas embolism shortly after therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for acute biliary pancreatitis, which is the first case reported in Hong Kong according to latest literature search. Some risk factors of iatrogenic air embolism in this patient include cholangitis with intraductal stones, sphincterotomy and bleeding at papillotomy site which required haemostasis with balloon tamponade. Early diagnosis and timely treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy resulted in full neurological recovery of our patient.
Interface slip of post-tensioned concrete beams with stage construction: Experimental and FE study
Hin Foo Low,Sih Ying Kong,Daniel Kong,Suvash Chandra Paul 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2019 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.24 No.2
This study presents experimental and numerical results of prestressed concrete composite beams with different casting and stressing sequence. The beams were tested under three-point bending and it was found that prestressed concrete composite beams could not achieve monolith behavior due to interface slippage between two layers. The initial stress distribution due to different construction sequence has little effect on the maximum load of composite beams. The multi-step FE analyses could simulate different casting and stressing sequence thus correctly capturing the initial stress distribution induced by staged construction. Three contact algorithms were considered for interaction between concrete layers in the FE models namely tie constraint, cohesive contact and surface-to-surface contact. It was found that both cohesive contact and surface-to-surface contact could simulate the interface slip even though each algorithm considers different shear transfer mechanism. The use of surface-to-surface contact for beams with more than 2 layers of concrete is not recommended as it underestimates the maximum load in this study.
Hin San Chow,Clarence Mak,Wai Yin Chu,Kwok Fai Cheung 소화기인터벤션의학회 2021 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.10 No.4
Iatrogenic air embolism is a rare and potentially fatal complication of gastrointestinal endoscopy. We present a 66-year-old male patient who developed cerebral arterial gas embolism shortly after therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for acute biliary pancreatitis, which is the first case reported in Hong Kong according to latest literature search. Some risk factors of iatrogenic air embolism in this patient include cholangitis with intraductal stones, sphincterotomy and bleeding at papillotomy site which required haemostasis with balloon tamponade. Early diagnosis and timely treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy resulted in full neurological recovery of our patient.
빅데이터를 이용한 서울시 행복지수 분석 및 예측을 위한 실험 및 고찰
신동윤(hin, Dongyoun),송유미(Song, Yu-Mi) 한국BIM학회 2017 KIBIM Magazine Vol.7 No.1
Cities have complex system composed diverse activities. The activities in cities have complex relationship that creates diverse urban phenomena. Big Data is emerging technology in order to understand such complex network. This research aims to understand such relations by analysing the diverse city indexes. 28 indexes were collected in 25 of districts in Seoul city and analysed to find a weighted correlation. By defining the correlation values of certain years, it tries to predict the missed index values, “happiness” of each districts in other years. The result presents that the overall prediction accuracy 70.25%. However, for further discussion, the result is considered that this methods may not enough to use in practice, since the data has inconstant accuracy by different learning years.