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S-RNase Genotypes of Wild Apples Necessary for Utilization as Pollinizers
Shogo Matsumoto,Junko Morita,Kazuyuki Abe,Hideo Bessho,Kunio Yamada,Katsuhiro Shiratake,Hirokazu Fukui 한국원예학회 2009 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.50 No.3
We investigated S-RNase genotypes of 21 wild apples with Neville Corpman, and King of Tompkins 1, 2 and 3 by the PCR-digestion method. M. sylvestris 392390 (T1-2-66) did not contain any known S-RNase allele, and seemed to be useful as a pollinizer. Thirteen individuals (M. baccata (S1-7-15), M. fusca, M. fusca F 50 (T1-16-51), M. orientalis (W1- 11-13), M. pumila Mill, M. pumila Pendula var. elise rathka, M. prunifolia USSR 18, M. prunifolia USSR 24, M. prunifolia USSR P, M. sieversii, M. sieversii (W1-10-49), M. sieversii sdl.2250 and M. sylvestris) contained an unidentified S-RNase allele with a known allele. Although M. baccata 4433 (79091) contained two known alleles, the S16a does not frequently occur in domestic Japanese cultivars. These wild apples also could be useful as pollinizers of cultivars in Japan, except for cultivars having an identical S-RNase allele. We have selected M. baccata 4433 (79091) as a pollinizer for the cultivar ‘Fuji’.
Takayama, Yuki,Taketa-Sato, Midori,Komori, Hirofumi,Morita, Kumiko,Kang, Su-Jin,Higuchi, Yoshiki,Akutsu, Hideo The Chemical Society of Japan 2011 Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan Vol.84 No.10
<P>Cytochrome <I>c</I><SUB>3</SUB> possesses four hemes in a compact configuration and exhibits extremely low reduction potentials. Besides the well-characterized factors contributing to the reduction potentials, the aromatic rings have been suggested to be involved. To elucidate its mechanism, the effect of mutations at conserved and noncoordinated aromatic residues on the reduction/oxidation properties of heme irons was investigated on the basis of crystal structures, NMR spectra of coordinated His, and reduction potentials. Phe20 parallel to heme 1 is the most conserved residue. On its mutation, the change in each coordination structure was subtle in the crystal structures despite of significant changes in the NMR spectra and reduction potentials. Significant increases in the reduction potentials of heme 1 led to the conclusion that the aromatic ring of Phe20 stabilizes the polarization of the π-electron density induced by the oxidized iron in the same heme. Furthermore, the reduction potential of heme 2 was also affected by the mutation at Phe20, revealing that the electrostatic interaction between the π-electron system of the porphyrin and a distant iron contributes to the iron reduction potential. This kind of interaction provides new insight into the role of the heme architecture in regulation of the reduction potentials.</P>
Induction of allergic contact dermatitis by astigmatid mite-derived monoterpene, α-acaridial
Toshio Sasai,Yunosuke Hirano,Sayaka Maeda,Isamu Matsunaga,Atsushi Otsuka,Daisuke Morita,Ritsuo Nishida,Hideo Nakayama,Yasumasa Kuwahara,Masahiko Sugita,Naoki Mori 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
α-Acaridial [2(E)-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)butenedial] is a novel monoterpene secreted from the house dust mites. Because of its molecular nature of a highly reactive, small lipidic compound, we addressed whether α-acaridial might function as a haptenic allergen that induced allergic contact dermatitis. Mice sensitized with α-acaridial were challenged by the same antigen on the ear skin. After 2 days, significant ear swelling with a prominent infiltration of CD4+ T lymphocytes was observed. In vitro, α-acaridial exhibited an outstanding ability to quickly interact with and chemically modify a reference protein. Virtually all cysteine residues and a sizable fraction of lysine residues were found to be selectively modified, suggesting that α-acaridial could potentially interact with any proteins. Previously, numerous mite-derived proteinaceous allergens have been associated with contact dermatitis. Our study now emphasizes that small lipidic compounds released from mites comprise a new class of mite allergens, and therefore, is of significant medical implications.