Effect of fermented blueberry on the oxidative stability and volatile molecule profiles of emulsion-type sausage during refrigerated storage

Zhou, Hengyue,Zhuang, Xinbo,Zhou, Changyu,Ding, Daming,Li, Chunbao,Bai, Yun,Zhou, Guanghong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.5

Objective: The aim of this work was to assess the effect of fermented blueberry (FB; 2%, 4%, and 6%) on the oxidative stability and volatile molecule profiles of emulsion-type sausage stored at 4℃ for 28 days. Methods: The antioxidant activity of FB was determined through radical-scavenging activity against 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals. Four formulations of sausage treatments with different FB levels (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%) were prepared, then peroxide value (POVs), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) values, protein carbonyls and thiol groups were measured. The aroma profiles of sausages for each treatment was also determined. Results: The half maximal inhibitory concentration indicated that FB had greater scavenging ability than ascorbic acid against DPPH and hydroxyl radicals. Sausages with FB significantly retarded increases in POVs and TBARS, as well as in the content of protein carbonyls during all storage days (p<0.05). Particularly, 4% and 6% FB-treated sausages had better oxidation inhibition effects. However, FB accelerated the reduction in thiol groups (p<0.05). Additionally, FB inhibits the excessive formation of aldehyde compounds; for example, hexanal, which may cause rancid flavors, decreased from 58.25% to 19.41%. FB also created 6 alcohols (i.e., 2-methyl-1-propanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and phenylethyl alcohol), 5 ester compounds (i.e., ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, and ethyl hexanoate) and 3-hydroxy-2-butanone in the sausages that contribute to sausage flavors. The principal component analysis showed that the aroma profiles of sausages with and without FB are easily identified. Conclusion: The addition of FB could significantly reduce the lipid and protein oxidation and improve oxidative stability for storage. Also, adding FB could inhibit rancid flavors and contribute to sausage flavors.

Monitoring of Corrugation Growth on Tracks with Cologne Egg Fastening System

Hengyu Wang,Stuart Grassie,Yongquan Deng,Heji Zhang,Wenjian Wang,Zefeng Wen,Xuesong Jin 한국도시철도학회 2014 IJAR Vol.2 No.2

Corrugation is a serious problem in railway industry. It may be more commonly seen in metro networks for that metro lines usually have more and sharper curves than the main lines. Research has shown that fastening system is an influence factor on corrugation. Server corrugation was found on tracks with Cologne egg fastening system (Cologne egg for short) shortly after the operation of a metro line. To understand the effects of Cologne eggs on the development of corrugation, curved and tangent lines with Cologne eggs were selected for corrugation growth monitoring. In order to compare the effects of different fastening systems on corrugation, monitoring was also conducted on tracks with the same line condition but using ordinary short sleeper fastening system. Monitoring of rail roughness was done during the whole period between two rail grinding operations using a Corrugation Analysis Trolley (CAT). The characteristics of corrugation growth, such as the speed of growth, the wavelength of corrugation, the distribution of corrugation, etc. were analyzed on different track configurations. Corrugation showed a rapid growth in the first a few weeks after grinding and slowed down after that. Monitoring results show that fasting system is a strong influence factor of corrugation growth. The effect of grinding was discussed. Comparison of corrugation growth of different grinding methods shows that proper grinding method would not only reduce the speed of corrugation growth, but also the final rail roughness level.

Direct Robust Adaptive Control of High-Speed Train Based on Nonlinear and Time-Varying Models

HengYu Luo,HongZe Xu 보안공학연구지원센터 2013 International Journal of Control and Automation Vol.6 No.4

Alice in Wonderland

Bai Hengyu 한국콘텐츠학회 2021 ICCC International Digital Design Invitation Exhib Vol.2021 No.8

Reservoir characteristics of and potential analysis to Lower Palaeozoic shale in Xiuwu Basin, Lower Yangtze Plate

Lyu Hengyu,Zeng Li,Hu Wangshui,Qin Menghua 한국자원공학회 2021 Geosystem engineering Vol.24 No.2

In order to evaluate reservoir characteristics and gas potential of organic-rich shale in Bottom-Lower Cambrian Hetang Formation and Upper Ordovician Xinkailing Formation, Xiuwu Basin, Jiangxi Province, Lower Yangtze Plate of China, researches regarding reservoir characteristics of organic-rich shale thickness, moderate burial depth, abundance and maturity of organic matter, fracturability, organic-matter pores and absorption performance have been conducted to Hetang Formation and Xinkailing Formation through field survey, shallow drilling, analysis to hydrocarbon-generation potential, scanning electron microscopy, measuring specific surface area and isothermal adsorption experiments. The results show that (1) Hetang Formation reservoir, although with extremely rich material basis, is of unfavorable hydrocarbon generation conditions due to late-stage thermal maturity, besides of undeveloped micropore structure, reservoir space development mainly by macroscopic crack, so further exploration should focus on locating favorable areas of low maturity and developed cracks, which is considered distributing in the core of Yanshan-Lingangshan-Shiziyan Mountains syncline; (2) Xinkailing Formation reservoir is of better organic matter abundance, pore development and absorption performance than Xinkailing Formation and hence further exploration should focus on surveying favorable areas of better sedimentary facies belt and stable structure for major breakthrough in shale-gas exploration, which is considered distributing in Wuning-Lixi and Jinkou-Tuolin areas.

Love And Peace

Bai HengYu 한국콘텐츠학회 2021 한국콘텐츠학회 ICCC 논문집 Vol.2021 No.12

Love And Peace

Bai HengYu 한국콘텐츠학회 2021 ICCC International Digital Design Invitation Exhib Vol.2021 No.12

Restoration of dysregulated intestinal barrier and inflammatory regulation through synergistically ameliorating hypoxia and scavenging reactive oxygen species using ceria nanozymes in ulcerative colitis

Ying Zhang,Hengyu Lei,Pengchong Wang,Qinyuan Zhou,Jie Yu,Xue Leng,Ruirui Ma,Danyang Wang,Kai Dong,Jianfeng Xing,Yalin Dong 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Background Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and excessive hypoxia play pivotal roles in the initiation and progression of ulcerative colitis (UC). Synergistic ROS scavenging and generating O2 could be a promising strategy for UC treatment. Methods Ceria nanozymes (PEG-CNPs) are fabricated using a modified reverse micelle method. We investigate hypoxia attenuating and ROS scavenging of PEG-CNPs in intestinal epithelial cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages and their effects on pro-inflammatory macrophages activation. Subsequently, we investigate the biodistribution, pharmacokinetic properties and long-term toxicity of PEG-CNPs in mice. PEG-CNPs are administered intravenously to mice with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis to test their colonic tissue targeting and assess their anti-inflammatory activity and mucosal healing properties in UC. Results PEG-CNPs exhibit multi-enzymatic activity that can scavenge ROS and generate O2, promote intestinal epithelial cell healing and inhibit pro-inflammatory macrophage activation, and have good biocompatibility. After intravenous administration of PEG-CNPs to colitis mice, they can enrich at the site of colonic inflammation, and reduce hypoxia-induced factor-1α expression in intestinal epithelial cells by scavenging ROS to generate O2, thus further promoting disrupted intestinal mucosal barrier restoration. Meanwhile, PEG-CNPs can effectively scavenge ROS in impaired colon tissues and relieve colonic macrophage hypoxia to suppress the pro-inflammatory macrophages activation, thereby preventing UC occurrence and development. Conclusion This study has provided a paradigm to utilize metallic nanozymes, and suggests that further materials engineering investigations could yield a facile method based on the pathological characteristics of UC for clinically managing UC.

Monitoring and Cause Analysis of Tread Abnormal Wear in a Metro Line

Heji Zhang,Guiming Mei,Hengyu Wang,Wenjian Wang,Zefeng Wen,Xuesong Jin 한국도시철도학회 2014 IJAR Vol.2 No.2

Abnormal wera of tread is a commonly seen problem in the operation of metro systems. It was found that abnormal wear of tread widely exists on vehicles in a line of Beijing metro. The two main types of abnormal wear are “w” shape wear and narrow grooves on tread. It was found that hardness of the tread is strongly correlated with abnormal wear. Monitoring was conducted to watch the growth of abnormal wear on tread surface. Monitoring results show that abnormal wear of tread disappeared after changing brake shoes. Analysis showed that hardness of brake shoes have a great effect on tread wear. The competition between the wear of wheel tread caused by brake shoes and rail head was discussed to explain the reason of commonly seen abnormal wear of tread in metro systems.

Reduced‑order controller design for Cuk converters based on objective holographic feedback

Jiyong Li,Pengcheng Zhou,Hengyu Pan,Duanzheng Feng,Bin Liu 전력전자학회 2023 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.23 No.2

Since the Cuk converter is a non-minimum phase system with an unstable internal dynamic, it is challenging to employ control methods such as input–output linearization to ensure the closed-loop system stability. This paper proposes an objective holographic feedback nonlinear control (OHFNC) method without static deviation to regulate fourth-order Cuk converters. A Cuk converter operating in the continuous conduction mode is adopted, and the input inductor current and output capacitor voltage of the system are selected as control target quantities. The OHFNC method aims to configure a nonlinear system with poles near the equilibrium point, and place them in desired positions. The target quantities are separately constrained by feedback coefficients, which forces them to converge to their corresponding reference trajectories. Accordingly, an integration link is introduced to compensate for the reference current error when the system is heavily loaded. Finally, simulation and experimental results show that the OHFNC method has a stronger robustness and a faster transient response than fractional-order PIλ dual-loop control.