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음식물 폐기물류로 제조된 퇴비의 고형연료 가치 평가 연구
이경섭,장한별,정은지,도아름,하진욱 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 2021 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.27 No.2
In 2019, the daily generation of food waste in Korea was 14,314 tons, which is a steady increase compared to the past. To efficiently use food waste as an effective resource, composting and feeding are carried out. In Korea, attention is gradually focused on a sustainable resource circulation society. Compost made of food waste has problems with foreign substances, heavy metals, and salt content, and solid fuelization research is being actively conducted to compensate for this. In this study, infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), organic content measurement(TGA), and chemical composition were measured to compare the fuel characteristics with wood pellets, which are major solid fuels, in order to examine the physical and chemical properties of food waste compost.
Study of Cu-X alloy seed layer on ITO for copper-plated silicon heterojunction solar cells
Lee, Sang Hee,Lee, Doo Won,Kim, Han Jun,Lee, Ah Reum,Lee, Soo Hong,Lim, Kyoung-jin,Shin, Won-suk Elsevier 2018 Materials science in semiconductor processing Vol.87 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>For the reduction of optical loss and contact material cost in silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells, copper plating has been considered as a suitable metallization technique. Usually, a metal seed layer is deposited on an indium tin oxide (ITO) prior to copper plating for adhesive contact between copper and ITO. As a requirement of suitable seed layer material, contact resistivity (ρ<SUB>c</SUB>) between the seed and the ITO is also important, as well as the adhesion, because high series resistance results in fill factor loss. In this study, we applied alloy seed layers which were deposited by co-evaporating copper with other metals (Cu-X). Contact resistivity values of the samples were extracted by using transfer length method (TLM). Also, tape tests were carried out to simply confirm the adhesion of contacts with different seed layers. Among the Cu-X alloy seed materials, the Cu-Ni alloy film resulted in good adhesion to the ITO as well as low average contact resistivity under 1 mΩ cm<SUP>2</SUP>.</P>
High-Performance Furan-Containing Conjugated Polymer for Environmentally Benign Solution Processing
Lee, Sang Myeon,Lee, Hae Rang,Han, A-Reum,Lee, Junghoon,Oh, Joon Hak,Yang, Changduk American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.18
<P>Developing semiconducting polymers that exhibit both strong charge transport capability via highly ordered structures and good processability in environmentally benign solvents remains a challenge. Given that furan-based materials have better solubility in various solvents than analogous thiophene-based materials, we have synthesized and characterized furanyl-diketopyrrolopyrrole polymer (PFDPPTT-Si) together with its thienyl-diketopyrrolopyr-role-based analogue (PTDPPTT-Si) to understand subtle changes induced by the use of furan instead of thiophene units. PTDPPTT-Si films processed in common chlorinated solvent exhibit a higher hole mobility (3.57 cm(2) V(-1)s(-1)) than PFDPPTT-Si films (2.40 cm(2) s(-1)) under the same conditions; this greater hole mobility is a result of tightly aggregated z stacking structures in PTDPPTT-Si. By contrast, because of its enhanced solubility, PFDPPTT-Si using chlorine-free solution processing results in a device with higher mobility (as high as 1.87 cm(2) s(-1)) compared to that of the corresponding device fabricated using PTDPPTT-Si. This mobility of 1.87 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) represents the highest performances among furan-containing polymers reported to the best of our knowledge for nonchlorinated solvents. Our study demonstrates an important step toward environmentally compatible electronics, and we expect the results of our study to reinvigorate the furan-containing semiconductors field.</P>
Identification of a New Cytotoxic Biflavanone from Selaginella doederleinii
LEE, Na-Youn,MIN, Hye-Young,LEE, Jun,NAM, Joo-Won,LEE, Yoo-Jin,HAN, Ah-Reum,Adam WIRYAWAN,Wahyu SUPRAPTO,LEE, Sang Kook,SEO, Eun-Kyoung 이화여자대학교 약학연구소 2009 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.19
A new biflavanone, 2,2˝,3,3˝-tetrahydrorobustaflavone 7,4´,7˝-trimethyl ether (1) was isolated from the whole plant of Selaginella doederleinii H_(IERON). (Selaginellaceae) together with the known biflavonoid, robustaflavone 7,4´,7˝-trimethyl ether (2) as the cytotoxic constituents against the three human cancer cell lines, HCT, NCI-H358, and K562. The structure of the new compound 1 was elucidated by spectral analysis including various 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments.
Han, Ah-Reum,Min, Hye-Young,Nam, Joo-Won,Lee, Na-Youn,Wiryawan, Adam,Suprapto, Wahyu,Lee, Sang Kook,Lee, Kang Ro,Seo, Eun-Kyoung The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2008 Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.56 No.9
<P>A new naphthoquinone, (−)-3-[2-(acetyloxy)propyl]-2-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (1) was isolated from the bulb of <I>Eleutherine americana</I> M<SMALL>ERR</SMALL>. <I>et</I> H<SMALL>EYNE</SMALL> (Iridaceae) together with two known compounds, eleutherinol (6) and 1,5-dihydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone (7) which were found in this species for the first time. The other known compounds, (−)-isoeleutherin (2), (+)-eleutherin (3), (−)-hongconin (4), and (+)-dihydroeleutherinol (5) which were reported previously from this species, were also isolated in the present study. Compounds 2—6 exhibited potent inhibitory activity on nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse macrophage cells with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values of 7.7, 11.4, 19.8, 21.7, and 34.4 μ<SMALL>M</SMALL>, respectively, whereas the other two compounds, 1 and 7, were inactive. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis including 1D and 2D NMR experiments.</P>
Lee, Soo Youn,Lee, Ar-Reum,Ahn, Ji-Young,Ko, Jung Ho,Lee, Lyon,Han, Janet,Kim, Young-Chang,Kim, Yang-Hoon THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF TOXICOGENOMICS AND TOXICOPRP 2018 MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR TOXICOLOGY Vol. No.
Backgrounds: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are members of G-protein-coupled receptors. They can induce agonist-dependent neoplastic transformation and facilitate colon cancer proliferation via promoting rapid expression of a variety of early responsive genes. Methods: In this study, we used 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE) approach with subsequent mass spectrometry (MS) to identify up- and down-regulated proteins (a total of 23 protein spots) involved in mAChRs-related signaling pathway, energy metabolism, transcription/translation, oxidative stress metabolism and cytoskeleton organization in agonist carbachol stimulated HT-29 human colon cells. Results: We found that the increased expression of adenocarcinoma biomarker, annexin A5 (ANXA5) induced by carbachol treatment, which was confirmed by immunoblot. This study contributes to the understanding of mechanisms underlying mAChRs agonist-induced expression of whole proteins in HT-29 colon cancer cells. Conclusion: Our results indicated that ANXA5 might serve as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of colon cancer.
Investigation of Metal Co-evaporated Copper Seed Layers for Copper-Plated Heterojunction Solar Cells
Lee, Sang Hee,Lee, Doo Won,Lee, Ah Reum,Kim, Han Jun,Lee, Soo Hong 한국물리학회 2018 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol. No.
<P>For the reduction of optical loss and contact material cost in silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells, copper plating has been considered as a suitable metallization technique. However, a plated copper contact on an indium-tin-oxide (ITO) generally has low a reliability of adhesion. For this reason, proper seed layer materials are required for adhesive copper plating. As a requirement for a suitable seed layer material, the contact resistance between the seed and the ITO is also important, as well as the adhesion, because high series resistance results in a low fill factor. In this research, we deposited a seed layer by co-evaporating copper with other metals (Cu-X). The contact resistivity (rho (c) ) of the Cu-X deposited on ITO was evaluated by using the transfer length method (TLM). In order to confirm the influence of the work function of the Cu-X, we measured the contact potential difference (CPD) by using photoemission in an air system (PAS). Moreover, phase and we analyzed the crystallite size by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement.</P>
A New Flavanone Glycoside from the Dried Immature Fruits of Poncirus trifoliata
HAN, Ah-Reum,KIM, Jong-Bin,LEE, Jun,NAM, Joo-Won,LEE, Ik-Soo,SHIM, Chang-Koo,LEE, Kyung-Tae,SEO, Eun-Kyoung 이화여자대학교 약학연구소 2008 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.18
A new flavanone glycoside, (2R)-5-hydroxy-4'-methoxyflavanone-7-0-{β-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-β-glucopyranoside} (1), was isolated from the EtOAc extract of dried immature fruit of Poncirus trifoliata, together with three known compounds, (2S)-poncirin (2), (2S)-naringin (3), and (2S)-poncirenin (4). The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR experiments. Among the isolates, compound 2 exhibited considerable inhibitory activity against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production, and mRNA expression in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells.
Han, Rafael Taeho,Kim, Han-Byul,Kim, Young-Beom,Choi, Kyungmin,Park, Gi Yeon,Lee, Pa Reum,Lee, JaeHee,Kim, Hye young,Park, Chul-Kyu,Kang, Youngnam,Oh, Seog Bae,Na, Heung Sik The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2018 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.22 No.2
Recent studies have provided several lines of evidence that peripheral administration of oxytocin induces analgesia in human and rodents. However, the exact underlying mechanism of analgesia still remains elusive. In the present study, we aimed to identify which receptor could mediate the analgesic effect of intraperitoneal injection of oxytocin and its cellular mechanisms in thermal pain behavior. We found that oxytocin-induced analgesia could be reversed by $d(CH_2)_5[Tyr(Me)^2,Dab^5]$ AVP, a vasopressin-1a (V1a) receptor antagonist, but not by $desGly-NH_2-d(CH_2)_5[D-Tyr^2,Thr^4]OVT$, an oxytocin receptor antagonist. Single cell RT-PCR analysis revealed that V1a receptor, compared to oxytocin, vasopressin-1b and vasopressin-2 receptors, was more profoundly expressed in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and the expression of V1a receptor was predominant in transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)-expressing DRG neurons. Fura-2 based calcium imaging experiments showed that capsaicin-induced calcium transient was significantly inhibited by oxytocin and that such inhibition was reversed by V1a receptor antagonist. Additionally, whole cell patch clamp recording demonstrated that oxytocin significantly increased potassium conductance via V1a receptor in DRG neurons. Taken together, our findings suggest that analgesic effects produced by peripheral administration of oxytocin were attributable to the activation of V1a receptor, resulting in reduction of TRPV1 activity and enhancement of potassium conductance in DRG neurons.
Enhancement of X-ray detection by single-walled carbon nanotube enriched flexible polymer composite
Han, Heetak,Lee, Sanggeun,Seo, Jungmok,Mahata, Chandreswar,Cho, Sung Hwan,Han, A-Reum,Hong, Keun-Sung,Park, Joon-Ho,Soh, Myung-Jin,Park, Cheolmin,Lee, Taeyoon Springer-Verlag 2014 NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS Vol.9 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Although organic-based direct conversion X-ray detectors have been developed, their photocurrent generation efficiency has been limited by recombination of excitons due to the intrinsically poor electrical properties of organic materials. In this report, we fabricated a polymer-based flexible X-ray detector and enhanced the X-ray detection sensitivity using a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) enriched polymer composite. When this SWNT enriched polymer composite was used as the active layer of an X-ray detector, it efficiently separated charges at the interface between the SWNTs and polymer, preventing recombination of X-ray-induced excitons. This increased the photocurrent generation efficiency, as measured from current-voltage characteristics. Therefore, X-ray-induced photocurrent and X-ray detection sensitivity were enhanced as the concentration of SWNTs in the composite was increased. However, this benefit was counterbalanced by the slow and unstable time-dependent response at high SWNT concentrations, arising from reduced Schottky barrier heights between the active layer and electrodes. At high SWNT concentration, the dark current also increased due to the reduced Schottky barrier height, leading to decrease the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the device. Experimental results indicated that 0.005 wt.% SWNT in the composite was the optimum composition for practical X-ray detector operation because it showed enhanced performance in both sensitivity and SNR. In mechanical flexibility tests, the device exhibited a stable response up to a bending radius of 0.5 cm, and the device had no noticeable change in diode current after 1,000 bending cycles.</P><P><B>PACS code</B></P><P>8.67.Sc</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1556-276X-9-610) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>