Comparison of the [$^2H_5$]Phenylalanine Model with the [1-$^{13}C$]Leucine Method to Determine Whole Body Protein Synthesis and Degradation in Sheep Fed at Two Levels

Al-Mamun, M.,Ito, C.,Fujita, T.,Sano, H.,Sato, A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.10

The [$^2H_5$]phenylalanine model was compared with the [1-$^{13}C$]leucine method to determine whole body protein synthesis (WBPS) and degradation (WBPD) in sheep fed at two levels. The animals were fed either 103 (M-diet) or 151 (H-diet) kcal $ME/kg^{0.75}/day$ once daily in a crossover design for 21 days each. The isotope dilutions were simultaneously conducted as a primed-continuous infusion of [$^2H_5$]phenylalanine, [$^2H_2$]tyrosine and [1-$^{13}C$]leucine on each dietary treatment. The WBPS and WBPD calculated from the [$^2H_5$]phenylalanine model were lower (p = 0.009 and p = 0.003, respectively) than those calculated from the [1-$^{13}C$]leucine method. The WBPS tended to be higher (p = 0.08) and WBPD was numerically higher (p = 0.33) for H-diet than M-diet in the [$^2H_5$]phenylalanine model, whereas the WBPS was numerically higher (p = 0.37) for H-diet and WBPS remained similar (p = 0.79) between diets in the [1-$^{13}C$]leucine method. However, the absolute values and the directions of WBPS as well as WBPD from M-diet to H-diet were comparable between the [$^2H_5$]phenylalanine model and [1-$^{13}C$]leucine method. Moreover, the values vary depending on the use of the respective amino acid contents in the carcass protein when calculating WBPS and WBPD. Therefore, it is concluded that the [$^2H_5$]phenylalanine model could be used as an alternative to the [1-$^{13}C$]leucine method for the determination of WBPS and WBPD in sheep.

레진강화 탈회상아질의 인장성

사노, 에취,주향연,김철위 서울대학교 치과대학 치과생체재료학교실 1997 치과생체재료학 논문집 Vol.5 No.1

탈회상아질의 물성을 회복하기 위한 레진의 역할은 아직 입증되지는 않았으나 접착에 사용하는 충전제를 함유하지 않는 레진은 탄성율이 비교적 낮으며 상아질의 강직성을 증가하는 역할은 제한되고 최종인장강도는 증가한다. 이 연구는 탈회상아질에 레진을 침투하면 인장성은 상아질에서와 같이 증가한다는 가설을 실험한 것이다. 상아질의 인장성 변화를 측정하기 위해 탈회상아질의 작은 시편 (두께 0.5㎜ × 넓이 0.5㎜)을 5종의 상아질 결합제로 몇시간 침투하였다. 파절할 때까지 시편과 대조군 (탈회된 것과 아닌것)의 인장응력과 변형을 측정한 결과 어떤 레진은 탈회상아질에 침투한 경우 상아질의 최종인장강도와 같거나 더 초과하였다. 이러한 레진강화 상아질의 탄성율은 레진과 같거나 더 증가하였으나 상아질보다는 매우 작았다. 이 실험조건이 임상이나 제조사의 설명서와는 다르나 이 결과는 상아질 강화를 위한 레진 침투의 가능성을 뒷받침한다.

저온환경에 있어서 VFA - TG 인공영양사육 면양의 제1위내 VFA 조성비율이 일반임상소견 및 제1위액성상에 미치는 영향

홍경선,정태영,좌야굉명,중도방야,지하농랑,안보가일 한국축산학회 1997 한국축산학회지 Vol.39 No.5

This study was conducted to investigate the combined effects of VFA composition of rumen fluid and cold exposure on the general clinical view and ruminal fermentation characteristics in sheep. Each infusion group was subjected to either thermoneutral (20±2 ℃) or cold environment (2±2℃) for 4 days. The total infusate of nutrients was examined in sheep via the technique of continuous alimentation. Four adult Suffolk sheep fitted with a permanent ruminal cannula and a simple T-shaped duodenal cannula were used. A peristaltic pump was used to infuse the solutions of volatile fatty acid triglycerides (VFA-TG, triacetin: tripropionin: tributyrin) consisting of 70:20:10 (low propionin division: LP) and 50:40:10 (high propionin division: HP) on the basis of energy and minerals into the rumen, and casein solution into the duodenum. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. During the cold exposure (latter half of the infusion period), respiration rate decreased (P$lt;0.10), but heart rate tended to increase in the thermoneutral environment. And respiration rate had no significant difference between the levels of VFA-TG solutions (LP and HP division), but heart rate was higher in the HP division than in the LP division (P$lt;0.10). 2. In the HP division, rectal temperature was lower (P$lt;0.001) in the cold exposure than in the thermoneutral environment, but remained unchanged by the temperature treatment in the LP division. During the thermoneutral environment, rectal temperature was higher in the HP division than in the LP division (P$lt;0.01), but remained unchanged by the levels of VFA-TG solutions in the cold exposure. 3. Urine pH values maintained the value of the thermoneutral environment during the latter half of the infusion period, and was lower (P$lt;0.05) in the HP division than in the LP division. 4. Ruminal total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration tended to increase in the cold exposure compared to that in the thermoneutral environment, and did not affect with the levels of VFA-TG solutions. 5. In the LP division, molar percent of acetate was higher (P$lt;0.10), but molar percent of propionate was lower (P$lt;0.05) in the cold exposure than in the thermoneutral environment. As a result, the ratio of acetate to propionate (A:P ratio) increased more (P$lt;0.10) in the cold exposure than in the thermoneutral environment. In the HP division, molar percents of acetate, propionate and butyrate were not affected by the temperature treatments. The results showed that the A:P ratio was not affected by the environmental temperature treatments. However the ratio was increased in the LP division than in the HP division (P$lt;0.001). 6. Ruminal pH values was not affected by the temperature treatments, but was higher (P$lt;0.001) in the LP division than in the HP division. And ruminal pH values tended to be higher in the HP division than in the LP division. 7. Infusion of VFA-TG into the rumen caused a marked increase (P$lt;0.01) in ruminal TG concentration during the cold exposure (latter half of the infusion period), but it was not affected by the levels of VFA-TG solutions.

고온환경에 있어서 면양의 제1위내 VFA 조성비율이 혈액성상(血液性狀) 및 혈액 산염기평형에 미치는 영향 : VFA - TG 인공영양사육법의 응용 Base Balance in Sheep Practical Application on the Intragastric Continuous Infusion of VFA - TG and Casein Solutions

홍경선,정태영,좌야굉명,지하농낭,중도방야,안보계일 한국축산학회 1997 한국축산학회지 Vol.39 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate the combined effects of VFA composition of rumen fluid and heat exposure on the blood constituents and acid-base balance in sheep. Each infusion group was subjected to either thermoneutral(20±2℃) or heat(30±2℃) environment for 4 days. Four adult Suffolk sheep fitted with a permanent ruminal cannula and a simple T-shaped duodenal cannula were used and infusion nutrients were examined by use of the continuous alimentation technique. A peristaltic pump was used to infuse the solutions of volatile fatty acid triglycerides(VFA-TG) consisting of 70 triacetin : 20 tripropionin : 10 tributyrin (low propionin division: LP) and 50 triacetin : 40 tripropionin : 10 tributyrin (high propionin division: HP) on the basis of energy and minerals into the rumen, and casein solution into the duodenum. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations almost remained unchanged by the temperature treatment and the levels of VFA-TG solutions(LP and HP). Plasma lactate concentration increased(P$lt;0.05) during the heat exposure at the HP division, but was not affected by the levels of VFA-TG solutions. Plasma TG concentration increased(P$lt;0.01) during the heat exposure at the LP division probably due to the days of VFA-TG infusion rather than the heat stress. Plasma urine-N concentration tended to be higher under the heat exposure and increased in the HP than LP division. 2. During the heat exposure at the LP division, blood HCO₃-concentration almost did not exhibit clear changes, but blood Pco₂ tended to be decreased and blood pH tended to be increased (condition of respiratory alkalosis), and blood base excess concentration tended to be higher. 3. Blood Hb concentration tended to be lower in the LP division but remained unchanged by the temperature treatment in the HP division and was not affected by the levels of VFA-TG solutions. 4. Blood Na^+ concentration tended to be lower under the heat environment than the thermoneutral environment. Blood K^+ concentration remained unchanged by temperature and the levels of VFA-TG solutions. Blood Ca^(2+) concentration

Is the loosening of inserted suture anchor predictable? An investigation using three-dimensional finite element method

Sano H,Imagawa K,Nagamoto N,Yamamoto N,Itoi E 대한견주관절의학회 2013 대한견주관절학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.3

DOES RESPONSE OF INSULIN SECRETION TO INTRARUMINAL AND INTRAVENOUS INFUSIONS OF PROPIONATE IN SHEEP

Sano, H.,Terashima, Y. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1989 Animal Bioscience Vol.2 No.3

Stress Distribution after Single-Row, Double-Row, and Transosseous Equivalent Rotator Cuff Repair

Sano H,Yamamoto N,Itoi E 대한견주관절의학회 2014 대한견주관절학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.3

INSULIN RESPONSIVENESS TO GLUCOSE AND TISSUE RESPONSIVENESS TO INSULIN IN SOWS, SHEEP AND PIGS

Sano, H.,Terashima, Y. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1991 Animal Bioscience Vol.4 No.1

Insulin responsiveness to glucose and tissue responsiveness to insulin, using the hyperglycemic clamp and the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp techniques, were compared among cows, sheep and pigs. The plasma insulin concentrations during the hyperglaycemic clamp period were highest (p < 0.05) in cows, followed by sheep and pigs. The glucose infusion rate in the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique was greater (p < 0.01) in pigs than in cows and sheep. These results suggest responsiveness to insulin is higher in pigs than in cows and sheep.

On Phylogenetic Relationships Among Native Goat Populations Along the Middle and Lower Yellow River Valley

Chang, H.,Nozawa, K.,Liu, X.L.,Geng, S.M.,Ren, Z.J.,Qin, G.Q.,Li, X.G.,Sun, J.M.,Zheng, H.L.,Song, J.Z.,Kurosawa, Y.,Sano, A.,Jia, Q.,Chen, G.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.2

This paper is based on the 9 goat colonies along the middle and lower Yellow River valley and 7 local goat colonies in the Northeast, Tibet and the Yangtze valley. After collecting the same data about the 22 goat colonies in China and other countries, it establishes and composes the matrix of fuzzy similarity relation describing the genetic similarities of different colonies. It also clusters 38 colonies according to their phylogenetic relationship. The establishment of the matrix and the cluster are effected in terms of the frequency of 18 loci and 43 allelomorphs in blood enzyme and other protein variations. The study proves that the middle Yellow River valley is one of the taming and disseminating centers of domestic goats in the South and East of Central Asia. Compared with other goat populations in this vast area, the native goat populations in the west of Mongolian Plateau, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the middle Yellow River valley share the same origin. The colonies in the lower Yellow River valley and those in the middle valley, however, are relatively remote in their phylogenetic relationship. The native goat colonies in the southeast of Central Asia can be classified into two genetic groups: "East Asia" and "South Asia" and the colonies in Southeast Asia belong to either group.

Quench protection technique for HTS coils with electronic workbench

Joo, J.H.,Kim, S.B.,Kadota, T.,Sano, H.,Murase, S.,Kim, H.M.,Kwon, Y.K.,Jo, Y.S. North-Holland 2010 Physica. C, Superconductivity Vol.470 No.20

The stability and the protection of superconducting applications are very important issues. High temperature superconductor (HTS) is stable than low temperature superconductor (LTS). However, due to the high stability of HTS, HTS coils have complicate behaviors of normal transition - such as a recovery into the superconducting state or thermal runaway - which is determined by the magnitude of disturbance, coil size, the structure of winding wire and cooling condition. In this paper, we propose the quench protection system based on the active power method which can detect the quench by measuring the generating instantaneous active power in HTS coils. And the quench detection circuit adopted a software circuit by LabVIEW which was added a new quench protection technique to the circuit in order to improve its detection performance. Furthermore, it can monitor interior states of HTS coils with acquiring the only coil voltages in real time. To confirm the validity of the suggested technique, the experiments were performed with the hardware circuit for quench detection simultaneously. The experimental results are presented and discussed in this paper.