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Gonzá,lez, José,A.,Lee, Yeon-Seung,Park, K.C. North-Holland Pub. Co 2017 Computer methods in applied mechanics and engineer Vol.319 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A mixed displacement–pressure formulation of the Stokes problem for incompressible fluids with free surfaces is developed for modeling the propagation of gravity waves in liquids and their interaction with structures using a Lagrangian approach. We assume that fluid displacements are small, making convective effects negligible and approximate the fluid velocities from the time derivative of the displacements. The resulting finite element equations are discretized with equal order for both displacement and pressure terms, together with employing stabilization techniques that circumvent the <I>inf–sup</I> requirements. The stability and accuracy of the methodology is finally demonstrated by solving some classical problems of hydrodynamics with free surfaces, comparing the results with known analytical solutions.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Stabilized formulation for hydrodynamic analysis of incompressible fluids with free surfaces. </LI> <LI> Classical stabilization applied to displacement–pressure formulation of hydrodynamics. </LI> <LI> The elimination of spurious in-plane circulation modes is investigated. </LI> <LI> Effective time integration of the equations using the Generalized-alpha algorithm. </LI> <LI> Stability and accuracy demonstrated by solving classical problems of hydrodynamics. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Observing the onset of outflow collimation in a massive protostar
Carrasco-Gonzá,lez, C.,Torrelles, J. M.,Cantó,, J.,Curiel, S.,Surcis, G.,Vlemmings, W. H. T.,van Langevelde, H. J.,Goddi, C.,Anglada, G.,Kim, S.-W.,Kim, J.-S.,Gó,mez, J. F. American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2015 Science Vol.348 No.6230
<P><B>Young stars grow up and narrow their focus</B></P><P>Stars are thought to grow by gathering spirals of material from a disk. If this is the case, to balance angular momentum, gas should flow out rapidly along the disk's rotation axis. Carrasco-Gonzalez <I>et al.</I> now seem to have glimpsed the “before” and “after” stages of the onset of such an outflow, over the course of just 18 years (see the Perspective by Hoare). Radio monitoring of the massive protostar W75N(B)-VLA2 reveals a transition from a spherical wind to a collimated one, giving critical insight into what happens as a massive star forms.</P><P><I>Science</I>, this issue p. 114; see also p. 44</P><P>The current paradigm of star formation through accretion disks, and magnetohydrodynamically driven gas ejections, predicts the development of collimated outflows, rather than expansion without any preferential direction. We present radio continuum observations of the massive protostar W75N(B)-VLA 2, showing that it is a thermal, collimated ionized wind and that it has evolved in 18 years from a compact source into an elongated one. This is consistent with the evolution of the associated expanding water-vapor maser shell, which changed from a nearly circular morphology, tracing an almost isotropic outflow, to an elliptical one outlining collimated motions. We model this behavior in terms of an episodic, short-lived, originally isotropic ionized wind whose morphology evolves as it moves within a toroidal density stratification.</P>
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Detection of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer by <i>in vivo</i> Fluorescence Imaging with Fluorocoxib A
Ra, Hyejun,Gonzá,lez-Gonzá,lez, Emilio,Uddin, Md. Jashim,King, Bonnie L.,Lee, Alex,Ali-Khan, Irfan,Marnett, Lawrence J.,Tang, Jean Y.,Contag, Christopher H. Neoplasia Press 2015 Neoplasia Vol.17 No.2
<P>Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common form of cancer in the US and its incidence is increasing. The current standard of care is visual inspection by physicians and/or dermatologists, followed by skin biopsy and pathologic confirmation. We have investigated the use of <I>in vivo</I> fluorescence imaging using fluorocoxib A as a molecular probe for early detection and assessment of skin tumors in mouse models of NMSC. Fluorocoxib A targets the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme that is preferentially expressed by inflamed and tumor tissue, and therefore has potential to be an effective broadly active molecular biomarker for cancer detection. We tested the sensitivity of fluorocoxib A in a BCC allograft SCID hairless mouse model using a wide-field fluorescence imaging system. Subcutaneous allografts comprised of 1000 BCC cells were detectable above background. These BCC allograft mice were imaged over time and a linear correlation (R<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.8) between tumor volume and fluorocoxib A signal levels was observed. We also tested fluorocoxib A in a genetically engineered spontaneous BCC mouse model (Ptch1<SUP>+/−</SUP> K14-Cre-ER2 p53<SUP>fl/fl</SUP>), where sequential imaging of the same animals over time demonstrated that early, microscopic lesions (100 μm size) developed into visible macroscopic tumor masses over 11 to 17 days. Overall, for macroscopic tumors, the sensitivity was 88% and the specificity was 100%. For microscopic tumors, the sensitivity was 85% and specificity was 56%. These results demonstrate the potential of fluorocoxib A as an <I>in vivo</I> imaging agent for early detection, margin delineation and guided biopsies of NMSCs.</P>
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Search for the Higgs boson in the all-hadronic final state using the full CDF data set
Aaltonen, T.,Gonzá,lez, B. Á,lvarez,Amerio, S.,Amidei, D.,Anastassov, A.,Annovi, A.,Antos, J.,Apollinari, G.,Appel, J. A.,Apresyan, A.,Arisawa, T.,Artikov, A.,Asaadi, J.,Ashmanskas, W.,Aue Springer-Verlag 2013 Journal of high energy physics Vol.2013 No.2
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Sudhagar, P.,Gonzá,lez-Pedro, Victoria,Mora-Seró,, Ivá,n,Fabregat-Santiago, Francisco,Bisquert, Juan,Kang, Yong Soo The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.22 No.28
<P>Herein we report generic surface treatment approaches to improve the electronic interfaces of quantum dot-sensitized TiO<SUB>2</SUB> fiber electrodes, thereby promoting their photoanode performance. Highly dense, continuous and nanostructured TiO<SUB>2</SUB> fibrous membranes, without the inclusion of a scattering layer, unlike conventional TiO<SUB>2</SUB> particulate electrodes, showed feasible photoconversion performance under the proposed interfacial engineering modification. The proposed interfacial treatment concerns fibrous membranes both before and after calcination. The chemical vapor pre-treatment on an as-deposited fibrous membrane using tetrahydrofuran (THF) reinforces the physical contact between the fibrous membrane and the transparent conducting substrate and reduces significantly the recombination rate. In the case of post-treatment by F-ion on a fibrous surface, together with the interfacial engineering approach, the ZnS surface passivation layer markedly improves the photoanode performance of the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> fibrous membrane nearly to a factor of 3.2% with a remarkable open-circuit voltage <I>V</I><SUB>oc</SUB> = 0.69 V and <I>J</I><SUB>sc</SUB> = 13 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP> under 1 sun illumination (100 mW cm<SUP>−2</SUP>). This report provides an excellent platform for studying and understanding the interfacial contacts and mechanisms related to the charge transfer at CdS/CdSe QD-sensitized TiO<SUB>2</SUB> fibrous assemblies. Such implications of this interfacial treatment strategy can be successfully extended to a wide range of photoanode candidates in energy conversion systems and confirm the effectiveness of some alternative nanostructured electrodes for the development of semiconductor-sensitized solar cells.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The generic surface treatment approaches were demonstrated to improve the electronic interfaces of quantum dot-sensitized TiO<SUB>2</SUB> fiber electrodes, thereby improving their photoanode performance in solar cells. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2jm31599h'> </P>
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