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Cosmic CARNage I: on the calibration of galaxy formation models
Knebe, Alexander,Pearce, Frazer R,Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta,Thomas, Peter A,Benson, Andrew,Asquith, Rachel,Blaizot, Jeremy,Bower, Richard,Carretero, Jorge,Castander, Francisco J,Cattaneo, Andrea,Cora, S Oxford University Press 2018 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.475 No.3
<P>We present a comparison of nine galaxy formation models, eight semi-analytical, and one halo occupation distribution model, run on the same underlying cold dark matter simulation (cosmological box of comoving width 125h(-1) Mpc, with a dark-matter particle mass of 1.24 x 10(9) h(-1)M(circle dot)) and the same merger trees. While their free parameters have been calibrated to the same observational data sets using two approaches, they nevertheless retain some 'memory' of any previous calibration that served as the starting point (especially for the manually tuned models). For the first calibration, models reproduce the observed z = 0 galaxy stellar mass function (SMF) within 3 sigma The second calibration extended the observational data to include the z = 2 SMF alongside the z similar to 0 star formation rate function, cold gas mass, and the black hole bulge mass relation. Encapsulating the observed evolution of the SMF from z = 2 to 0 is found to be very hard within the context of the physics currently included in the models. We finally use our calibrated models to study the evolution of the stellar-to-halo mass (SHM) ratio. For all models, we find that the peak value of the SHM relation decreases with redshift. However, the trends seen for the evolution of the peak position as well as the mean scatter in the SHM relation are rather weak and strongly model dependent. Both the calibration data sets and model results are publicly available.</P>
A new Latuspina Monzen oak gallwasp species from Taiwan (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini)
Chang-Ti Tang,Frazer Sinclair,George Melika 한국응용곤충학회 2012 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.15 No.4
A new species of oak gallwasp, Latuspina manmiaoyangae sp. nov., is described in Taiwan. The species induces leaf galls on Quercus variabilis (Fagaceae). Data on the diagnosis, distribution, and biology of the new species are given. This is the second known Latuspina species.
Stoumpos, Constantinos C.,Frazer, Laszlo,Clark, Daniel J.,Kim, Yong Soo,Rhim, Sonny H.,Freeman, Arthur J.,Ketterson, John B.,Jang, Joon I.,Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. American Chemical Society 2015 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.137 No.21
<P>The synthesis and properties of the hybrid organic/inorganic germanium perovskite compounds, AGeI<SUB>3</SUB>, are reported (A = Cs, organic cation). The systematic study of this reaction system led to the isolation of 6 new hybrid semiconductors. Using CsGeI<SUB>3</SUB> (<B>1</B>) as the prototype compound, we have prepared methylammonium, CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>GeI<SUB>3</SUB> (<B>2</B>), formamidinium, HC(NH<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>GeI<SUB>3</SUB> (<B>3</B>), acetamidinium, CH<SUB>3</SUB>C(NH<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>GeI<SUB>3</SUB> (<B>4</B>), guanidinium, C(NH<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>GeI<SUB>3</SUB> (<B>5</B>), trimethylammonium, (CH<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>NHGeI<SUB>3</SUB> (<B>6</B>), and isopropylammonium, (CH<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>C(H)NH<SUB>3</SUB>GeI<SUB>3</SUB> (<B>7</B>) analogues. The crystal structures of the compounds are classified based on their dimensionality with <B>1</B>–<B>4</B> forming 3D perovskite frameworks and <B>5</B>–<B>7</B> 1D infinite chains. Compounds <B>1</B>–<B>7</B>, with the exception of compounds <B>5</B> (centrosymmetric) and <B>7</B> (nonpolar acentric), crystallize in polar space groups. The 3D compounds have direct band gaps of 1.6 eV (<B>1</B>), 1.9 eV (<B>2</B>), 2.2 eV (<B>3</B>), and 2.5 eV (<B>4</B>), while the 1D compounds have indirect band gaps of 2.7 eV (<B>5</B>), 2.5 eV (<B>6</B>), and 2.8 eV (<B>7</B>). Herein, we report on the second harmonic generation (SHG) properties of the compounds, which display remarkably strong, type I phase-matchable SHG response with high laser-induced damage thresholds (up to ∼3 GW/cm<SUP>2</SUP>). The second-order nonlinear susceptibility, χ<SUB>S</SUB><SUP>(2)</SUP>, was determined to be 125.3 ± 10.5 pm/V (<B>1</B>), (161.0 ± 14.5) pm/V (<B>2</B>), 143.0 ± 13.5 pm/V (<B>3</B>), and 57.2 ± 5.5 pm/V (<B>4</B>). First-principles density functional theory electronic structure calculations indicate that the large SHG response is attributed to the high density of states in the valence band due to sp-hybridization of the Ge and I orbitals, a consequence of the lone pair activation.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2015/jacsat.2015.137.issue-21/jacs.5b01025/production/images/medium/ja-2015-01025x_0013.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja5b01025'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
nIFTy cosmology: comparison of galaxy formation models
Knebe, Alexander,Pearce, Frazer R.,Thomas, Peter A.,Benson, Andrew,Blaizot, Jeremy,Bower, Richard,Carretero, Jorge,Castander, Francisco J.,Cattaneo, Andrea,Cora, Sofia A.,Croton, Darren J.,Cui, Weigua Oxford University Press 2015 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.451 No.4
A new Andricus Hartig oak gallwasp species from China (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini)
Chang-Ti Tang,Frazer Sinclair,Man-Miao Yang,George Melika 한국응용곤충학회 2012 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.15 No.4
A new species of oak gallwasp, Andricus xishuangbannaus is described from China. The species induces leaf galls on Quercus griffithii (Fagaceae). Diagnosis, distribution, and biology of the new species are included.
Aparna Shah,Flavia Regina Carreno,Alan Frazer 대한정신약물학회 2014 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.12 No.2
Treatment resistant depression (TRD) is a global health concern affecting a large proportion of depressed patients who thenrequire novel therapeutic options. One such treatment option that has received some attention in the past several years is vagalnerve stimulation (VNS). The present review briefly describes the relevance of this treatment in the light of other existing pharmacologicaland non-pharmacological options. It then summarizes clinical findings with respect to the efficacy of VNS. The anatomicalrationale for its efficacy and other potential mechanisms of its antidepressant effects as compared to those employed byclassical antidepressant drugs are discussed. VNS has been approved in some countries and has been used for patients withTRD for quite some time. A newer, fast-acting, non-invasive pharmacological option called ketamine is currently in the limelightwith reference to TRD. This drug is currently in the investigational phase but shows promise. The clinical and preclinical findingsrelated to ketamine have also been summarized and compared with those for VNS. The role of neurotrophin factors, specificallybrain derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor, in the beneficial effects of both VNS and ketamine have been highlighted. It can be concluded that both these therapeutic modalities, while effective, need further research that can reveal specific targetsfor intervention by novel drugs and address concerns related to side-effects, especially those seen with ketamine.
Nils Haneklaus,Cristian Cionea,Rony Reuven,David Frazer,Peter Hosemann,Per F. Peterson 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.11
Hybrid friction diffusion bonding (HFDB) is a solid-state bonding process first introduced by Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht to join aluminum tube-to-tube sheet joints of Coil-wound heat exchangers (CWHE). This study describes how HFDB was successfully used to manufacture 316L test samples simulating tube-to-tube sheet joints of stainless steel CWHE for molten salt coolants as foreseen in several advanced nuclear- and thermal solar power plants. Engineering parameters of the test sample fabrication are presented and results from subsequent non-destructive vacuum decay leak testing and destructive tensile pull-out testing are discussed. The bonded areas of successfully fabricated samples as characterized by tube rupture during pull-out tensile testing, were further investigated using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy including electron backscatter diffraction.
Comparison of Ganoderma boninense Isolate’s Aggressiveness Using Infected Oil Palm Seedlings
Lo Mei Lieng,Thanh Tu Anh Vu,Midot Frazer,Lau Sharon Yu Ling,Wong Wei Chee,Tung Hun Jiat,Jee Mui Sie,Chin Mei-Yee,Melling Lulie 한국미생물학회 2023 The journal of microbiology Vol.61 No.4
Basal stem rot incidence caused by a white-rot fungus, Ganoderma boninense, is the major disease of oil palm in Southeast Asia. The rate of disease transmission and host damage are affected by variations in pathogen aggressiveness. Several other studies have used the disease severity index (DSI) to determine G. boninense aggressiveness levels while verifying disease using a culture-based method, which might not provide accurate results or be feasible in all cases. To differentiate G. boninense aggressiveness, we employed the DSI and vegetative growth measurement of infected oil palm seedlings. Disease confirmation was performed through scanning electron microscopy and molecular identification of fungal DNA from both infected tissue and fungi isolated from Ganoderma selective medium. Two-month-old oil palm seedlings were artificially inoculated with G. boninense isolates (2, 4A, 5A, 5B, and 7A) sampled from Miri (Lambir) and Mukah (Sungai Meris and Sungai Liuk), Sarawak. The isolates were categorized into three groups: highly aggressive (4A and 5B), moderately aggressive (5A and 7A), and less aggressive (2). Isolate 5B was identified as the most aggressive, and it was the only one to result in seedling mortality. Out of the five vegetative growth parameters measured, only the bole size between treatments was not affected. The integration of both conventional and molecular approaches in disease confirmation allows for precise detection.
Measures of galaxy environment – I. What is ‘environment’?
Muldrew, Stuart I.,Croton, Darren J.,Skibba, Ramin A.,Pearce, Frazer R.,Ann, Hong Bae,Baldry, Ivan K.,Brough, Sarah,Choi, Yun‐,Young,Conselice, Christopher J.,Cowan, Nicolas B.,Gallazzi, Anna,Gr Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012 Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol.419 No.3
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>The influence of a galaxy’s environment on its evolution has been studied and compared extensively in the literature, although differing techniques are often used to define environment. Most methods fall into two broad groups: those that use nearest neighbours to probe the underlying density field and those that use fixed apertures. The differences between the two inhibit a clean comparison between analyses and leave open the possibility that, even with the same data, different properties are actually being measured. In this work, we apply 20 published environment definitions to a common mock galaxy catalogue constrained to look like the local Universe. We find that nearest‐neighbour‐based measures best probe the internal densities of high‐mass haloes, while at low masses the interhalo separation dominates and acts to smooth out local density variations. The resulting correlation also shows that nearest‐neighbour galaxy environment is largely independent of dark matter halo mass. Conversely, aperture‐based methods that probe superhalo scales accurately identify high‐density regions corresponding to high‐mass haloes. Both methods show how galaxies in dense environments tend to be redder, with the exception of the largest apertures, but these are the strongest at recovering the background dark matter environment. We also warn against using photometric redshifts to define environment in all but the densest regions. When considering environment, there are two regimes: the ‘local environment’ internal to a halo best measured with nearest neighbour and ‘large‐scale environment’ external to a halo best measured with apertures. This leads to the conclusion that there is no universal environment measure and the most suitable method depends on the scale being probed.</P>