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Egorov, Konstantin V.,Kuzmichev, Dmitry S.,Sigarev, Andrey A.,Myakota, Denis I.,Zarubin, Sergey S.,Chizov, Pavel S.,Perevalov, Timofey V.,Gritsenko, Vladimir A.,Hwang, Cheol Seong,Markeev, Andrey M. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of Materials Chemistry C Vol.6 No.36
<P>The growth per cycle saturation behaviors depending on the precursor pulse duration, reactant pulse duration, and reactant concentration were examined for hydrogen radical enhanced atomic layer deposition (REALD) of TaOx using tantalum-ethoxide as the precursor and plasma-activated hydrogen as the reactant. The chemical state of the TaOx film was dependent on the active hydrogen pulse duration and hydrogen volume fraction in the H2/Ar plasma mixture. The density of the electronic states in the dielectric band gap increased with the increase in the plasma exposure time (6-50 s) and hydrogen volume fraction (7-70%) whereas Ta4f core-level X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the observed defects in the TaOx band gap are related to the oxygen deficiency. The <I>ab initio</I> calculations of oxygen deficiency concentrations and the energy spectrum satisfactorily correlated with the experimental data. The demonstrated combination of the growth saturation availability with the precise control of oxygen deficiency concentrations in the PEALD process could be highly useful in fields in which oxide dielectrics with adjustable oxygen deficiencies are required.</P>
Egorov, Konstantin V.,Kuzmichev, Dmitry S.,Chizhov, Pavel S.,Lebedinskii, Yuri Yu.,Hwang, Cheol Seong,Markeev, Andrey M. American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.15
<P>The plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) process using Ta(OC2H5), as a Ta precursor and plasma-activated hydrogen as a reactant for the deposition of TaOx films with a controllable concentration of oxygen vacancies (V-o) is reported herein. The V-o concentration control was achieved by varying the hydrogen volume fraction of the hydrogen-argon mixture in the plasma, allowing the control of the leakage current density in the tantalum oxide films within the range of 5 orders of magnitude compared with the Ta2O5 film grown via thermal ALD using the identical Ta precursor and H2O. Temperature-dependent current-voltage measurements combined with Poole-Frenkel emission modeling demonstrated that the bulk trap depth decreases with the increasing hydrogen volume fraction, which could be attributed to the increase of the V-o concentration. The possible chemical change in the PEALD TaOx films grown under different hydrogen volume fractions was confirmed by the in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements of the Ta 4f core and valence band spectra. The comparison of the XPS-measured nonstoichiometry and the secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis of the hydrogen content allowed this study to conclude that the nonstoichiometry is largely related to the formation of Ta-V-o sites rather than of Ta-H sites. Such oxygen-deficient TaOx layers were studied for application as an oxygen-deficient layer in a resistance switching random access memory stack (Ta2O5/TaOx) where the actual switching occurred within the stoichiometric Ta2O5 layer. The bilayer memory stack showed reliable resistance switching up to similar to 10(6) switching cycles, whereas the single-layer Ta2O5 memory showed only several hundred switching cycles.</P>
Preparation of the ITER poloidal field conductor insert (PFCI) test
Zanino, R.,Egorov, S.,Kim, K.,Martovetsky, N.,Nunoya, Y.,Okuno, K.,Salpietro, E.,Sborchia, C.,Takahashi, Y.,Weng, P.,Bagnasco, M.,Richard, L.S.,Polak, M.,Formisano, A.,Zapretilina, E.,Shikov, A.,Veder IEEE 2005 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.15 No.2
The Poloidal Field Conductor Insert (PFCI) of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) has been designed in the EU and is being manufactured at Tesla Engineering, UK, in the frame of a Task Agreement with the ITER International Team. Completion of the PFCI is expected at the beginning of 2005. Then, the coil shall be shipped to JAERI Naka, Japan, and inserted into the bore of the ITER Central Solenoid Model Coil, where it should be tested in 2005 to 2006. The PFCI consists of a NbTi dual-channel conductor, almost identical to the ITER PF1 and PF6 design, ∼45 m long, with a 50 mm thick square stainless steel jacket, wound in a single-layer solenoid. It should carry up to 50 kA in a field of ∼6 T, and it will be cooled by supercritical He at ∼4.5 K and ∼0.6 MPa. An intermediate joint, representative of the ITER PF joints and located at relatively high field, will be an important new item in the test configuration with respect to the previous ITER Insert Coils. The PFCI will be fully instrumented with inductive and resistive heaters, as well as with voltage taps, Hall probes, pick-up coils, temperature sensors, pressure gauges, strain and displacement sensors. The test program will be aimed at DC and pulsed performance assessment of conductor and intermediate joint, AC loss measurement, stability and quench propagation, thermal-hydraulic characterization. Here we give an overview of the preparatory work toward the test, including a review of the coil manufacturing and of the available instrumentation, a discussion of the most likely test program items, and a presentation of the supporting modeling and characterization work performed so far.
Autonomous Flying Robot for the Seismic Exploration
Grigoriy Yashin,Nikita Mikhailovskiy,Valerii Serpiva,Anton Egorov,Pavel Golikov 제어로봇시스템학회 2022 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.11
Robotic systems for seismic sensor deployment can potentially lead to achieving cost-effectiveness with optimal performance through better survey execution accuracy, shorter turnaround time, and global information management. Among the available robotic platforms, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or flying robots offer unique platform with a wide range of integrated capabilities, including propulsion, positioning, sensing, remote or self-control, as well as swarm operations. This paper presents a solution that turns individual UAV into Autonomous Seismic Acquisition Device (ASAD). The ASAD consists of a quadrotor equipped with a sensor set underneath for seismic data acquisition. The sensor set includes three orthogonal geophones and a 3-component accelerometer. Thus, the ASAD can fly to the target position, land, couple the sensor to the ground after landing, and record the seismic signal in accordance with the flight mission. As a result of a field test of this system, seismic common-shot gathers were recorded. The gathers acquired by the accelerometer and geophone sensors mounted on the ASAD showed results comparable to those with the traditional wired seismic data acquisition system.
Numerical optimization of transmission bremsstrahlung target for intense pulsed electron beam
Xiao Yu,Jie Shen,Shijian Zhang,Jie Zhang,Nan Zhang,Ivan Sergeevich Egorov,Sha Yan,Chang Tan,Gennady Efimovich Remnev,Xiaoyun Le 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.2
The optimization of a transmission type bremsstrahlung conversion target was carried out with MonteCarlo code FLUKA for intense pulsed electron beams with electron energy of several hundred keV formaximum photon fluence. The photon emission intensity from electrons with energy ranging from300 keV to 1 MeV on tungsten, tantalum and molybdenum targets was calculated with varied targetthicknesses. The research revealed that higher target material element number and electron energy leadsto increased photon fluence. For a certain target material, the target thickness with maximum photonemission fluence exhibits a linear relationship with the electron energy. With certain electron energy andtarget material, the thickness of the target plays a dominant role in increasing the transmission photonintensity, with small target thickness the photon flux is largely restricted by low energy loss of electronsfor photon generation while thick targets may impose extra absorption for the generated photons. Thespatial distribution of bremsstrahlung photon density was analyzed and the optimal target thicknessesfor maximum bremsstrahlung photon fluence were derived versus electron energy on three targetmaterials for a quick determination of optimal target design
Predictive Analysis of the ITER Poloidal Field Conductor Insert (PFCI) Test Program
Zanino, R.,Astrov, M.,Bagnasco, M.,Baker, W.,Bellina, F.,Ciazynski, D.,Egorov, S.,Kim, K.,Kvitkovic, J.L.,Lacroix, B.,Martovetsky, N.,Mitchell, N.,Muzzi, L.,Nunoya, Y.,Okuno, K.,Polak, M.,Ribani, P.L. IEEE 2007 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.17 No.2
<P>In this paper, we discuss the predictive analysis performed in support of the test program of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) poloidal field conductor insert (PFCI). A subset of the test program items was considered, with particular emphasis on DC performance and AC losses. The results and implications of the comparison of selected predictions from different laboratories will be presented.</P>
The Study of Mach Waves Generated by a Roughness Element
Hoang Quan Dinh,Anh Tuan Nguyen,Ivan Vladimirovich Egorov,Ngoc Hai Duong 한국항공우주학회 2022 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.23 No.3
In this paper, a simplified inviscid boundary condition is applied to solve the problem of Mach waves generated by a roughness element on the wall surface of a supersonic wind tunnel. The geometry of the roughness element is simplified by a parabolic function, to which mathematical formulas are introduced to model the boundary condition. These techniques help simplify the problem and minimize the required computer resources for the simulation performance. Using the direct numerical simulation (DNS) method while employing the above-mentioned techniques, the authors can simulate the generation and the propagation of Mach waves from a roughness element at a Mach number of 2.5. The result shows that a pair of Mach waves are generated at the leading and trailing edges of the roughness element and oscillate with small amplitudes. We also study the effect of the height of the element, the flow speed, the Reynolds number, and the unsteadiness of the flow on the simulation result. The numerical result is compared with published experimental data for the validation.