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Interplay of Structural Distortions, Dielectric Effects and Magnetic Order in Multiferroic GdMnO3
Mathias Doerr,Michael Loewenhaupt,Aditya A. Wagh,P. S. Anil Kumar,Suja Elizabeth,Sahana Roessler,Martin Rotter,Steffen Wirth 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.10
Multiferroic materials are characterized by simultaneous magnetic and ferroelectric ordering making them good candidates for magneto-electrical applications. We conducted thermal expansion and magnetostriction measurements in magnetic fields up to 14 T on perovskitic GdMnO3 by highresolution capacitive dilatometry in an effort to determine all longitudinal and transversal components of the magnetostriction tensor. Below the ordering temperature TN = 42 K, i.e., within the different complex (incommensurate or complex) antiferromagnetic phases, lattice distortions of up to 100 ppm have been found. Although no change of the lattice symmetry occurs, the measurements reveal strong magneto-structural phenomena, especially in the incommensurate sinusoidal antiferromagnetic phase. A strong anisotropy of the magnetoelastic properties was found, in good agreement with the type and propagation vector of the magnetic structure. We demonstrate that our capacitive dilatometry can detect lattice expansion effects and changes of the dielectric permittivity simultaneously because the sample is housed inside the capacitor. A separation of both effects is possible by shielding the sample. Dielectric transitions could be detected by this method and compared to the critical values of H and T in the magnetic phase diagram. Dielectric changes measured at 1 kHz excitation frequency are detected in GdMnO3 at about 180 K,and between 10 K and 25 K in the canted antiferromagnetic structure which is characterized by a complex magnetic order on both the Gd- and Mn-sites.
Lukas Frase,John Peter Doerr,Bernd Feige,Maria Rechenbach,Bernd L. Fiebich,Dieter Riemann,Christoph Nissen,Ulrich Voderholzer 대한정신약물학회 2018 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.16 No.3
Objective: The primary aim of this study was to further characterize the acute effects of amitriptyline (AMI) and escitalopram (ESC) on serum levels of ghrelin, leptin, cortisol and prolactin in healthy humans. Methods: Eleven healthy male participants received a single dose of AMI 75 mg, ESC 10 mg, or placebo (PLA) at 9:00 PM in a double blind, randomized, controlled, repeated measures study separated by one week. Fasting morning serum levels (7:00 AM) of ghrelin, leptin, cortisol and prolactin were assessed. Results: A repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant main effect for the factor condition (AMI, ESC, PLA). Subsequent univariate analyses demonstrated significant condition effects for ghrelin and cortisol. Post-hoc analyses demonstrated a significant reduction of ghrelin levels after AMI in comparison to PLA, and a significant reduction of cortisol levels after AMI in comparison to both ESC and PLA. Other contrasts did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Administration of a single dose of AMI, but not of ESC, leads to a significant reduction in morning serum ghrelin and cortisol levels. No effects on leptin and prolactin levels were observed. The differential impact of AMI and ESC on hormones might contribute to different adverse effect profiles of both substances.
John W. Yurek,Nikki A. Doerr,Alex Tang,Adam S. Kohring,Frank A. Liporace,Richard S. Yoon 대한고관절학회 2023 Hip and Pelvis Vol.35 No.3
Purpose: This study aims to determine which intertrochanteric (IT) hip fracture and patient characteristics predict the necessity for adjunct reduction aides prior to prep and drape aiming for a more efficient surgery. Materials and Methods: Institutional fracture registries from two academic medical centers from 2017-2022 were analyzed. Data on patient demographics, comorbidities, fracture patterns identified on radiographs including displacement of the lesser trochanter (LT), thin lateral wall (LW), reverse obliquity (RO), subtrochanteric extension (STE), and number of fracture parts were collected, and the need for additional aides following traction on fracture table were collected. Fractures were classified using the AO/OTA classification. Regression analyses identified significant risk factors for needing extra reduction aides. Results: Of the 166 patients included, the average age was 80.84±12.7 years and BMI was 24.37±5.3 kg/m2. Univariate regression revealed increased irreducibility risk associated with RO (odds ratio [OR] 27.917, P≤0.001), LW (OR 24.882, P<0.001), and STE (OR 5.255, P=0.005). Multivariate analysis significantly correlated RO (OR 120.74, P<0.001) and thin LW (OR 131.14, P<0.001) with increased risk. However, STE (P=0.36) and LT displacement (P=0.77) weren’t significant. Fracture types 2.2, 3.2, and 3.3 displayed elevated risk (P<0.001), while no other factors increased risk. Conclusion: Elderly patients with IT fractures with RO and/or thin LW are at higher risk of irreducibility, necessitating adjunct reduction aides. Other parameters showed no significant association, suggesting most fracture patterns can be achieved with traction manipulation alone.
INTERPORT COMPETITION IN A SINGLE MARKETLESSONS FROM THE CENTRAL CHILEAN PORT RANGE
Ricardo J. SANCHEZ,Cordon WILMSMEIER,Octavio DOERR 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 2008 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 학술대회 Vol.2008 No.3
This paper investigates interport competition between the ports of San Antonio and Valparaiso, the main actors in the Central Chilean port range (CC), using a common institutional framework. The geographical closeness to Chile’s main consumption and production centres and the small distance between the ports places them in a competitive position for an identical hinterland. A slight variation of the original Matching Framework analytical tool is applied, for understanding the interport competition, within a common institutional framework, after a port devolution process: two periods are analysed for both main ports. During the last several years different strategies of port governance to cope with the changing conditions evolved in ports. A short empirical analysis on market power backed by a new institutional economics approach is used to understand the varying outcomes from the port devolution processes and in this growing competitive environment. Previous papers have focused on the development and emergence of hub ports in the region based on empirical data. We argue that the institutional approach and port governance strategies play a significant role and need to be integrated in the analysis of port competitiveness. A satisfactory behaviour of the infrastructure market (including port devolution matters) requires a smooth balance between the political stability and the flexibility needed to adapt industry conditions to changing circumstances. For two periods, the Matching Framework analysis illustrates the changes in the CC Port range, with two ports that serve a single market under competition in containerized trade, which have shown a great growth, and a strong competitive framework. The key issues of the port devolution process in each port provide some insights on the performance of both ports.
Probing deep photospheric layers of the quiet Sun with high magnetic sensitivity
Lagg, A.,Solanki, S. K.,Doerr, H.-P.,Martí,nez Gonzá,lez, M. J.,Riethmü,ller, T.,Collados Vera, M.,Schlichenmaier, R.,Orozco Suá,rez, D.,Franz, M.,Feller, A.,Kuckein, C.,Schmidt, EDP Sciences 2016 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.596 No.-
Soil seal development under simulated rainfall: Structural, physical and hydrological dynamics
Armenise, Elena,Simmons, Robert W.,Ahn, Sujung,Garbout, Amin,Doerr, Stefan H.,Mooney, Sacha J.,Sturrock, Craig J.,Ritz, Karl Elsevier 2018 Journal of hydrology Vol.556 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study delivers new insights into rainfall-induced seal formation through a novel approach in the use of X-ray Computed Tomography (CT). Up to now seal and crust thickness have been directly quantified mainly through visual examination of sealed/crusted surfaces, and there has been no quantitative method to estimate this important property. X-ray CT images were quantitatively analysed to derive formal measures of seal and crust thickness. A factorial experiment was established in the laboratory using open-topped microcosms packed with soil. The factors investigated were soil type (three soils: silty clay loam – ZCL, sandy silt loam – SZL, sandy loam – SL) and rainfall duration (2–14 min). Surface seal formation was induced by applying artificial rainfall events, characterised by variable duration, but constant kinetic energy, intensity, and raindrop size distribution. Soil porosities derived from CT scans were used to quantify the thickness of the rainfall-induced surface seals and reveal temporal seal micro-morphological variations with increasing rainfall duration. In addition, the water repellency and infiltration dynamics of the developing seals were investigated by measuring water drop penetration time (WDPT) and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K<SUB>un</SUB>). The range of seal thicknesses detected varied from 0.6 to 5.4 mm. Soil textural characteristics and OM content played a central role in the development of rainfall-induced seals, with coarser soil particles and lower OM content resulting in thicker seals. Two different trends in soil porosity vs. depth were identified: <I>i</I>) for SL soil porosity was lowest at the immediate soil surface, it then increased constantly with depth till the median porosity of undisturbed soil was equalled; <I>ii</I>) for ZCL and SL the highest reduction in porosity, as compared to the median porosity of undisturbed soil, was observed in a well-defined zone of maximum porosity reduction c. 0.24–0.48 mm below the soil surface. This contrasting behaviour was related to different dynamics and processes of seal formation which depended on the soil properties. The impact of rainfall-induced surface sealing on the hydrological behaviour of soil (as represented by WDTP and K<SUB>un</SUB>) was rapid and substantial: an average 60% reduction in K<SUB>un</SUB> occurred for all soils between 2 and 9 min rainfall, and water repellent surfaces were identified for SZL and ZCL. This highlights that the condition of the immediate surface of agricultural soils involving rainfall-induced structural seals has a strong impact in the overall ability of soil to function as water reservoir.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> X-ray CT was effectively used to quantify soil seal/crust thickness. </LI> <LI> Different micro-morphological zones within seal layers were revealed. </LI> <LI> Rainfall had a strong and rapid impact on water transport and retention in soil. </LI> <LI> The existence of a soil-dependent raindrop impact threshold was hypothesized. </LI> </UL> </P>
Solanki, S. K.,Riethmü,ller, T. L.,Barthol, P.,Danilovic, S.,Deutsch, W.,Doerr, H.-P.,Feller, A.,Gandorfer, A.,Germerott, D.,Gizon, L.,Grauf, B.,Heerlein, K.,Hirzberger, J.,Kolleck, M.,Lagg, A.,Me American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal, Supplement series Vol.229 No.1
<P>The SUNRISE balloon-borne solar observatory, consisting of a 1 m aperture telescope that provides a stabilized image to a UV filter imager and an imaging vector polarimeter, carried out its second science flight in 2013 June. It provided observations of parts of active regions at high spatial resolution, including the first high-resolution images in the Mg II. k line. The obtained data are of very high quality, with the best UV images reaching the diffraction limit of the telescope at 3000 angstrom after Multi-Frame Blind Deconvolution reconstruction accounting for phasediversity information. Here a brief update is given of the instruments and the data reduction techniques, which includes an inversion of the polarimetric data. Mainly those aspects that evolved compared with the first flight are described. A tabular overview of the observations is given. In addition, an example time series of a part of the emerging active region NOAA AR. 11768 observed relatively close to disk center is described and discussed in some detail. The observations cover the pores in the trailing polarity of the active region, as well as the polarity inversion line where flux emergence was ongoing and a small flare-like brightening occurred in the course of the time series. The pores are found to contain magnetic field strengths ranging up to 2500 G, and while large pores are clearly darker and cooler than the quiet Sun in all layers of the photosphere, the temperature and brightness of small pores approach or even exceed those of the quiet Sun in the upper photosphere.</P>