New emergence pattern with variant porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses, South Korea, 2012-2015

Chung, H.C.,Lee, J.H.,Nguyen, V.G.,Huynh, T.M.L.,Lee, G.E.,Moon, H.J.,Park, S.J.,Kim, H.K.,Park, B.K. ELSEVIER 2016 VIRUS RESEARCH Vol.226 No.-

Since outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in the United States in 2013, explosive outbreaks of PED in South Korea have infected all age groups of pigs in 2014-2015year. This study analyzed a large collection of the Spike protein coding gene to infer the spatial-temporal diffusion history of PEDV. The studying results suggested that PEDVs in Korea belonged to different genogroups. While classical G1 was continuingly circulating between provinces of Korea, the pandemic G2a were recently introduced from China and USA. By the application of Bayesian phylogeographical analysis, this study demonstrated the spatial-temporal transmission of PEDVs within Korea. Of the recent emerged G2a viruses, J3142 strains showed potential recombination breakpoint (376-2,143nt) of S1 gene between KNU1303_Korea strain_G2a (KJ451046) and 45RWVCF0712_Thailand strain_G2b (KF724935). The pandemic G2a virus was partial neutralized by the antibodies invoked by the G1- based PED vaccine virus.

Identification of Novel SNPs in Bovine Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 (IGFBP3) Gene

Kim, J.Y.,Yoon, D.H.,Park, B.L.,Kim, L.H.,Na, K.J.,Choi, J.G.,Cho, C.Y.,Lee, H.K.,Chung, E.R.,Sang, B.C.,Cheong, I.J.,Oh, S.J.,Shin, Hyoung Doo Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.1

The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), their receptors, and their binding proteins play key roles in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP3, OMIM #146732) is one of the proteins that bind to the IGFs. IGFBP3 is a modulator of IGF bioactivity, and direct growth inhibitor in the extravascular tissue compartment. We identified twenty-two novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IGFBP3 gene in Korean cattle (Hanwoo, Bos taurus coreanae) by direct sequencing of full gene including -1,500 bp promoter region. Among the identified SNPs, five common SNPs were screened in 650 Korean cattle; one SNP in promoter (IGFBP3 G-854C), one in 5'UTR region (IGFBP3 G-100A), two in intron 1 (IGFBP3 G+421T, IGFBP3 T+1636A), and one in intron 2 (IGFBP3 C+3863A). The frequencies of each SNP were 0.357 (IGFBP3 G-854C), 0.472 (IGFBP3 G-100A), 0.418 (IGFBP3 G+421T), 0.363 (IGFBP3 T+1636A) and 0.226 (IGFBP3 C+3863A), respectively. Haplotypes and their frequencies were estimated by EM algorithm. Six haplotypes were constructed with five SNPs and linkage disequilibrium coefficients (|D'|) between SNP pairs were also calculated. The information on SNPs and haplotypes in IGFBP3 gene could be useful for genetic studies of this gene.

Phase II study of preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with irinotecan plus S-1 in locally advanced rectal cancer

Shin, S.J.,Kim, N.K.,Keum, K.C.,Kim, H.G.,Im, J.S.,Choi, H.J.,Baik, S.H.,Choen, J.H.,Jeung, H.C.,Rha, S.Y.,Roh, J.K.,Chung, H.C.,Ahn, J.B. Elsevier Science Publishers 2010 Radiotherapy and oncology Vol.95 No.3

Background and purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of preoperative radiation therapy combined with S-1 and irinotecan (SI) in LARC. Materials and methods: Patients were considered LARC if they had a T3/T4 lesion or node positive. Weekly doses of 40mg/m<SUP>2</SUP> irinotecan were intravenously administered once per week during weeks 1-5 of radiotherapy. S-1 (70mg/m<SUP>2</SUP>) was given from Monday to Friday in all weeks of radiotherapy. 3-D conformal radiotherapy was given at daily fractions of 1.8Gy for 5days for a total dose of 50.4 (45+5.4)Gy. Surgery was performed 4-6weeks following the completion of chemoradiation. Results: Between June 2006 and November 2007, 43 pts were enrolled. The stage was: cT3 24 patients, cT4 6 patients; 28 patients were cN+. Forty-one patients completed the chemoradiation and 42 patients underwent operation: a low anterior resection was performed in 36 patients, a total colectomy in 1 patient, and an abdominal perineal resection in 5 patients. T downstaging was observed in 50%; 23 N+ patients became N- (55%). The complete pathological response was observed in 9 patients (21%). The 3-year locoregional failure rate, distant failure rate, disease-free survival, and overall survival were 9.5%, 18.6%, 72.1%, and 94.3%, respectively. Only three patients experienced G3 diarrhea; one had G3 sepsis and two had septic shock. Hematological toxicity (G3-G4) was observed in five patients. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the efficacy of preoperative CRT with S-1 and irinotecan with 21% of complete response. However, prompt recognition and management of infection is needed to use it in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Simulation of single grid-based phase-contrast x-ray imaging (g-PCXI)

Lim, H.W.,Lee, H.W.,Cho, H.S.,Je, U.K.,Park, C.K.,Kim, K.S.,Kim, G.A.,Park, S.Y.,Lee, D.Y.,Park, Y.O.,Woo, T.H.,Lee, S.H.,Chung, W.H.,Kim, J.W.,Kim, J.G. Elsevier BV * North-Holland 2017 Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Single grid-based phase-contrast x-ray imaging (g-PCXI) technique, which was recently proposed by Wen et al. to retrieve absorption, scattering, and phase-gradient images from the raw image of the examined object, seems a practical method for phase-contrast imaging with great simplicity and minimal requirements on the setup alignment. In this work, we developed a useful simulation platform for g-PCXI and performed a simulation to demonstrate its viability. We also established a table-top setup for g-PCXI which consists of a focused-linear grid (200-lines/in strip density), an x-ray tube (100-μm focal spot size), and a flat-panel detector (48-μm pixel size) and performed a preliminary experiment with some samples to show the performance of the simulation platform. We successfully obtained phase-contrast x-ray images of much enhanced contrast from both the simulation and experiment and the simulated contract seemed similar to the experimental contrast, which shows the performance of the developed simulation platform. We expect that the simulation platform will be useful for designing an optimal g-PCXI system.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> It is proposed for the single grid-based phase-contrast x-ray imaging (g-PCXI) technique. </LI> <LI> We implemented for a numerical simulation code. </LI> <LI> The preliminary experiment with several samples to compare is performed. </LI> <LI> It is expected to be useful to design an optimal g-PCXI system. </LI> </UL> </P>

Geological and Geotechnical Characteristics of Marine Clay in Busan New Port

Chung, S.G,E. Ninjgarav,M. Suneel,K.Ganapathi Rao,Kim, G.J. 東亞大學校 建設技術硏究所 2005 硏究論文集 Vol.28 No.2

Since early 1990s reclamation projects for Busan and its vicinity in Nakdong River plain have been performed for industrial and residential complexes. As well it has started to build a new port (Busan Newport) with increase in overloads of Busan port since late 1990s. In the area the sedimentary deposit is composed of soft clay of about 30m thick, thin sand layer of 3-4m thick, hard clayey soil, and then basal conglomerates and sandy sediments, total thickness of which is about 70m at maximum under seawater. For the huge project many contract companies have simultaneously performed geotechnical investigations to get design parameters. Based on the harmful experiences gained by the previous projects, it was also required to pay careful attention to sampling and laboratory and field tests for theproject. Nevertheless the results of laboratory tests were so scattered and then resulted in difficulty to evaluate the design parameters. Existing data has been reviewed to evaluate the validity or cause of their variation. In addition geological study, sampling and soil tests have been carefully carried out at a few locations. Using the results the clay would be effectively characterized for depositional environment and its relation to soil properties.

The E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP selectively regulates mutant epidermal growth factor receptor by ubiquitination and degradation

Chung, C.,Yoo, G.,Kim, T.,Lee, D.,Lee, C.S.,Cha, H.R.,Park, Y.H.,Moon, J.Y.,Jung, S.S.,Kim, J.O.,Lee, J.C.,Kim, S.Y.,Park, H.S.,Park, M.,Park, D.I.,Lim, D.S.,Jang, K.W.,Lee, J.E. Academic Press 2016 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol.479 No.2

Somatic mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a decisive factor for the therapeutic response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in lung adenocarcinoma. The stability of mutant EGFR is maintained by various regulators, including heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). The C terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) is a Hsp70/Hsp90 co-chaperone and exhibits E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. The high-affinity Hsp90-CHIP complex recognizes and selectively regulates their client proteins. CHIP also works with its own E3 ligase activity independently of Hsp70/Hsp90. Here, we investigated the role of CHIP in regulating EGFR in lung adenocarcinoma and also evaluated the specificity of CHIP's effects on mutant EGFR. In HEK 293T cells transfected with either WT EGFR or EGFR mutants, the overexpression of CHIP selectively decreased the expression of certain EGFR mutants (G719S, L747_E749del A750P and L858R) but not WT EGFR. In a pull-down assay, CHIP selectively interacted with EGFR mutants and simultaneously induced their ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. The expressions of mutant EGFR in PC9 and H1975 were diminished by CHIP, while the expression of WT EGFR in A549 was nearly not affected. In addition, CHIP overexpression inhibited cell proliferation and xenograft's tumor growth of EGFR mutant cell lines, but not WT EGFR cell lines. EGFR mutant specific ubiquitination by CHIP may provide a crucial regulating mechanism for EGFR in lung adenocarcinoma. Our results suggest that CHIP can be novel therapeutic target for overcoming the EGFR TKI resistance.

Failure of a breakwater founded on a thick normally consolidated clay layer

Chung, S. G.,Kim, S. K.,Kang, Y. J.,Im, J. C.,Prasad, K. N. INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS 2006 Géotechnique Vol.56 No.6

이동 작동기형 인공심장의 모터부와 작동기부의 효율 분석

정진한,이정주,박찬영,김욱은,최재순,민병구 제주대학교 인공심장이식연구소 2000 인공심장 연구 Vol.1 No.2

이동 작동기형 인공 심장의 모터부와 모터부를 포함한 작동기부의 효율 측정방법과 측정 결과이다. 이동 작동기형 인공심장은 에너지 변환기로 브러시 없는 직류 모터(S/M 506-26A, Sierracin/Magnedyne, Cafsbad, CA, U.S.A.)를 사용한다. 이 브러시 없는 직류 모터가 기어 열(Gear train)을 따라 원추운동을 하며 혈액주머니에 힘을 가하게 되고, 이 힘에 의해 혈액주머니 안의 혈액이 박출하게 된다. 효율 측정을 위하여 제어기 및 모터부, 기어부 및 작동기부, 혈액주머니 밀 기타부등 크게 세 부분으로 나누었으며, 각각을 다시 소자별로 나누어 입, 출력의 효율을 측정했다. 부하의 토크, 분당 회전수, 각속도, 인가되는 전압 등을 바꾸어 가면서 시스템의 효율을 측정헌고, 이 측정을 통해서 모터 운동시의 전체적인 효율과 부분별 효율을 알 수 있다. 특히 인공심장의 모터부와 작동기부의 효율측정에 중점을 두었다. 측정 결과 4ℓ/min 박출량의 경우, 이동 작동기형 인공심장의 전체 효율은 8 %정도이며, 구체적으로는 모터부에서 50 %정도, 작동기부에서 85 %정도, 그리고 혈액주머니에서 19 %정도의 査율을 보임을 확인했다. This is a test report of motor and actuator efficiency for the moving actuator type total artificial heart. Our moving-actuator type total artificial heart, as an energy converter, utilizes a brushless DC motor(S/M 566-26A, Sierracin/Magnedyne, Carlsbad, CA, U.S.A.) generating a pendulous motion of itself by an epicyclic gear train. It is necessary to know the overall efficiency of our system. We operated the motor at a variable ranee of torque, angular speed and width of voltage pulse. Measurements of power into the drive, from the drive to the motor, and out of the motor were taken in order to derive the efficiency of the drive, efficiency of the motor and overall efficiency for the system. Throughout the test, the power input to the drive, the power output from the drive, and the power output from the motor are measured simultaneously. We focused on efficiency of the motor and actuator parts in the TAH. In case of 4 ℓ/min condition, system efficiency is about 8 %, motor part is about 50%, actuator part is about 85 %. Some experimental results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented approach.

인공씨감자 생육상태 모니터링을 위한 화상처리 알고리즘 개발에 관한 연구

최재완,정광조,임선종,최성락,정혁,남호원 한국농업기계학회 1998 바이오시스템공학 Vol.23 No.4

Induction of Hairy Roots and Characterization of Peroxidase Expression as a Potential Root Growth Marker in Sesame

Chun, J. -A.,Lee, J. -W.,Yi, Y. -B.,Park, G. -Y.,Chung, C. -H. Taylor Francis 2009 PREPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.39 No.4

<P> Using hypocotyl and cotyledon of sesame seedlings, hairy root cultures were established and cDNA coding for a peroxidase was cloned from the roots. The frequency of sesame hairy root formation was higher in hypocotyl (33.4%) than cotyledon (9.3%). Applicable levels of kanamycin and hygromycin as a selectable marker were 100 µg/mL and 30 µg/mL, respectively. The peroxidase cDNA showed relatively high sequence identity with and similarity to plant class III peroxidase family. The cDNA encoded polypeptide was identified with the presence of three sequence features: 1) the putative 4 disulfide bridges, 2) an ER-targeted signal sequence in the N-terminus, and 3) two triplets, NXS for glycosylation. A real-time RT-PCR exhibited an abrupt increase in the peroxidase transcription activity after 4-week cultures of the sesame hairy roots and its highest level in 6-week cultured hairy roots. In contrast, the growth pattern of sesame hairy roots showed a typical sigmoidal curve. The active hairy root growth began after 2-week culture and their stationary growth phase occurred after 5-week culture. These results suggested that the peroxidase expression patterns at its transcription level could be used a potential indicator signaling a message that there will be no longer active growth in hairy root cultures. The sesame peroxidase gene was differentially expressed in different tissues.</P>