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Chandrasekaran Karthikeyan,Kokkarachedu Varaprasad,Sungjun Kim,Ashok Kumar Jangid,Wonjeong Lee,Abdulrahman Syedahamed Haja Hameed,Kyobum Kim 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.123 No.-
The new development of inorganic (IO) nanoparticle (NPs)-based nanomedicines in anticancer therapy isan active area of research. The cellular uptake of IO NPs plays a crucial role in their efficacy as anticanceragents. In this case, IO NPs cellular uptake depends on physical and chemical parameters, including size,shape, and surface modification of the nanoparticles. From the cellular uptake, one of the essentialparameters for small size plays a critical role in the NPs’ due to their ability to passively diffuse acrossthe cell membrane or enter cells through endocytosis. In this study, the inorganic SnO2 (tin dioxide)and SA (sodium alginate) were made into SnO2 (SASnO2) using a simple one-pot green method. Biomedical studies have shown that SASnO2 NPs exhibit greater antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancerproperties than SnO2 NPs. The prepared SnO2 and SASnO2 NPs were tested against breast cancer cells inanticancer studies. In cellular uptake studies, the smaller size of SASnO2 NPs (19 nm) resulted in highercellular uptake compared to SnO2 NPs (38 nm). The larger surface area of these SASnO2 NPs allows formore contact with biological membranes and internalization (cell uptake) by cancer cells, resulting inenhanced anticancer therapy when using SASnO2 NPs.
Modeling and Control of Three-Phase Self-Excited Induction Generator Connected to Grid
Chandrasekaran Natarajan,Karthikeyan A 한국전기전자재료학회 2017 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.18 No.5
This paper presents the dynamic modeling, analysis, and control of an AC/DC/AC-assisted, self-excited induction generator connected to the grid. The dynamic model includes wind turbine models with pitch control, gear boxes, self-excited induction generators, excitation capacitance, inductive load models, controlled six-pulse rectifiers, and novel state-space models of a grid-connected inverter. The system has been simulated to verify its capabilities of buildup voltage, stator flux response, stator phase current, electromagnetic torque, and magnetizing inductance variation during both the dynamic and steady states with a variable-speed prime mover. The complete setup of the above dynamic models was simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Panigrahi, Stuti,Pardeshi, Varsha Chhotusing,Chandrasekaran, Karthikeyan,Neelakandan, Karthik,PS, Hari,Vasudevan, Anil The Korean Pediatric Society 2021 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.64 No.7
Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a common renal disorder in children attributed to podocyte injury. However, children with the same diagnosis have markedly variable treatment responses, clinical courses, and outcomes, suggesting molecular heterogeneity. Purpose: This study aimed to explore the molecular responses of podocytes to nephrotic plasma to identify specific genes and signaling pathways differentiating various clinical NS groups as well as biological processes that drive injury in normal podocytes. Methods: Transcriptome profiles from immortalized human podocyte cell line exposed to the plasma of 8 subjects (steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome [SSNS], n=4; steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome [SRNS], n=2; and healthy adult individuals [control], n=2) were generated using microarray analysis. Results: Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of global gene expression data was broadly correlated with the clinical classification of NS. Differential gene expression (DGE) analysis of diseased groups (SSNS or SRNS) versus healthy controls identified 105 genes (58 up-regulated, 47 down-regulated) in SSNS and 139 genes (78 up-regulated, 61 down-regulated) in SRNS with 55 common to SSNS and SRNS, while the rest were unique (50 in SSNS, 84 genes in SRNS). Pathway analysis of the significant (P≤0.05, -1≤ log2 FC ≥1) differentially expressed genes identified the transforming growth factor-β and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathways to be involved in both SSNS and SRNS. DGE analysis of SSNS versus SRNS identified 2,350 genes with values of P≤0.05, and a heatmap of corresponding expression values of these genes in each subject showed clear differences in SSNS and SRNS. Conclusion: Our study observations indicate that, although podocyte injury follows similar pathways in different clinical subgroups, the pathways are modulated differently as evidenced by the heatmap. Such transcriptome profiling with a larger cohort can stratify patients into intrinsic subtypes and provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of podocyte injury.