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Cha, Min Kyeong,Kang, Cheol-In,Kim, So Hyun,Cho, Sun Young,Ha, Young Eun,Wi, Yu Mi,Chung, Doo Ryeon,Peck, Kyong Ran,Song, Jae-Hoon American Society for Microbiology 2015 Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol.59 No.9
<P>We evaluated the in vitro activity of various antimicrobials alone and in combination against 291 extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) isolates causing bacteremia in South Korean hospitals. Ceftazidime, cefepime, and piperacillin-tazobactam in combination with amikacin showed greater activity than found in combination with ciprofloxacin. In settings with a high prevalence of ESBL-producing pathogens, combination aminoglycoside antimicrobial therapy, especially with amikacin, may be considered for empirical therapy against suspected Gram-negative sepsis as a carbapenem-saving strategy.</P>
Cha Dong Ik,Lee Min Woo,Song Kyoung Doo,Ko Seong Eun,Rhim Hyunchul 대한영상의학회 2022 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.23 No.2
Objective: To compare the outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) using dual switching monopolar (DSM), switching bipolar (SB), and combined DSM + SB modes at two different interelectrode distances (25 and 20 mm) in an ex vivo study, which simulated ablation of a 2.5-cm virtual hepatic tumor. Materials and Methods: A total of 132 ablation zones were created (22 ablation zones for each protocol) using three separable clustered electrodes. The performances of the DSM, SB, and combined DSM + SB ablation modes were compared by evaluating the following parameters of the RFA zones at two interelectrode distances: shape (circularity), size (diameter and volume), peritumoral ablative margins, and percentages of the white zone at the midpoint of the two electrodes (ablative margin at midpoint, AMm) and in the electrode path (ablative margin at electrode path, AMe). Results: At both distances, circularity was the highest in the SB mode, followed by the DSM + SB mode, and was the lowest in the DSM mode. The circularity of the ablation zone showed a significant difference among the three energy groups (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002 for 25-mm and 20-mm, respectively). All size measurements, AMm, and AMe were the greatest in the DSM mode, followed by the DSM + SB mode, and the lowest were with the SB mode (all statistically significant). The white zone proportion in AMm and AMe were the greatest in the SB mode, followed by the DSM + SB mode and DSM in general. Conclusion: DSM and SB appear to be complementary in creating an ideal ablation zone. RFA with the SB mode can efficiently eradicate tumors and create a circular ablation zone, while DSM is required to create a sufficient ablative margin and a large ablation zone.
비만 치료 한약 무작위 대조 임상시험에서의 음식 섭취량과 운동량 실태분석
김두희 ( Doo Hee Kim ),신우석 ( Woo Suk Shin ),박원형 ( Won Hyung Park ),차윤엽 ( Yun Yeop Cha ),송윤경 ( Yun Kyung Song ),안민윤 ( Min Youn Ahn ),고성규 ( Seong Gyu Ko ) 한방비만학회 2013 한방비만학회지 Vol.13 No.2
The objective of this study was to analyse the methods being used to control food intake and physical activity in RCTs of human obesity. Methods: A total of 21 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were investigated. Nine of which were domestic studies from "http://oasis.kiom.re.kr" and the other of which were foreign studies from systematic reviews of RCTs on herbal medicine for treatment of human obesity. Results: According to domestic studies, "low calorie diet" were recommended in five cases of the domestic studies , "maintain current dietary habit" were recommended in two and no information on diet was two. Considering the seven cases where the information on diet was available, patients`` food intake were checked at every visit in six cases. Only two cases among the six had been dropped owing to the violation of dietary habit by patients. Exercises were prohibited in two cases, "maintain current level of phisical activity" were recommended in three cases and, from the rest, no information was available. The level of physical activity were not strictly controlled by any means hence no drop out. According to foreign studies, "low calorie diet" were recommended in two cases, "very low calorie diet (less than 700 kcal/day)" in one case, "maintain current dietary habit" in two cases, "do not eat fat" in two cases and no information was available in the rest five cases. Exercises which concerns spending about 300 kcal/day was recommended in one case, "moderate exercise" were recommended in three cases, "maintain current level of physical activity" were recommended in three cases and no information available in the rest five cases. Conclusions: In order to improve the accuracy of RCT, for the dietary side, researchers should record patient food intake at every visit by means of 24-hour dietary recall methods. This can be supplemented by multiple choice survey that are designed to help patients to diagnose themselves more accurately leading to less bias. For the exercise side, it is highly recommended to confine the exercises to walking only so as to quantify the amount of physical activity more easily by using pedometer.
白鼠의 카드뮴中毒時 마늘, Dimercaptosuccinic acid 및 N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine 投與가 카드뮴排泄에 미치는 影響에 關한 硏究
金炳斗,宋東彬,車喆煥 고려대학교 의과대학 1987 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.24 No.1
It has been revealed from several studies that garlic is highly effective on protection of cadmium or mercury poisoning as much as well-known chelating agents of 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid(DMSA) and N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine (APEN). This study was conducted to find out the effect of garlic on excretion of cadmium as an effort to reveal the mechanism of the protective effect and compare it with the effects of DMSA and APEN. The cadmium was administered via intraperitoneal route for 3 days. The experimental agents of Garlic, DMSA and APEN were dosed via oral route and the agents had been administered from the day before the injection of cadmium for 12 days in the first step and then they had been administered for 7 days from two days after completing 3 days injection of cadmium. Feces and urine of experimental rats were collected separately at every 24 hours using metabolic cages, and the cadmium concentration in the material was measured by the atomic absoption spectrophotometry. The results of the study were as follows; 1. When the experimental agents were administered from the day before the injection of cadmium, the excretion of cadmium via feces was excellent for 10 days but that via urine was poor in the garlic treated group comparing with that of DMSA or APEN treated group. It suggests that the garlic enhance the excretion of cadmium via feces more than urine. 2. When the experimental agents administered from 2 days after the 3 days injection of cadmium, the excretion of cadmium via feces and urine was not so good as expected in the garlic, DMSA or APEN treated group comparing with the result of the group treated with cadmium alone. Though the differences of cadmium excretion amount were not remarkable, the excretion amount was high in the APEN treated group, the DMSA treated group and the garlic treated group in order. The excretion amount was much higher in feces than urine. It suggests that the garlic hardly facilitate the cadmium excretion if the garlic was administered after the poisoning happened.
송민근(Song, Min-Geun),차영두(Cha, Young-Doo),여기태(Yeo, Gi-tae) 한국항만경제학회 2017 韓國港灣經濟學會誌 Vol.33 No.2
본 연구는 세계 최대 선사인 머스크의 글로벌 해상운송에 대하여 전 세계 102개 국가에 위치한 281개 항만을 통해 총 6,318개 경로에 대한 네트워크를 구성하고, 사회네트워크분석을 이용해 항만 및 국가별 특성을 분석했다. 중국 정부는 적극적인 항만 개발과 동시에 세계 거점항만과의협력 확대를 추진하고 있으며, 일대일로 사업을 통해 해상운송에서 중국이 차지하는 비중과 영향력을 확대하고 있다. 중국의 항만 개발은 수출입 및 원자재 수급에 대한 안정적이고 독립적 물류 네트워크 구축의 의미를 포함하고 있으며, 해상 경로개발은 개별항만의 경쟁력 뿐 아니라 세계 해운시장에서 가장 큰 비중 및 영향력을 갖고 있는 미국 등 강대국과 이를 둘러싸고 있는 주요국가의 관계구조와도 매우 밀접한 연관성을 갖고 있다. 이러한 관점에서 해상운송에 관한 연구는 개별항만과 함께 국가별 특성에 대한 분석이 병행되어야할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 항만들 간의 관계적 측면에서 특징을 파악했고, 이를 국가 단위로 적용했으며, 중국과 미국, 한국의 개별 네트워크를 비교하여 중국 해상경로의 특징과 연구에 대한 시사점을 모색했다. 분석의 주요 결과로 머스크 해상네트워크에서 중국, 미국과 파나마, 말레이시아, 스페인 등의 비중이 높았으나, 중국 개별 네트워크에서는 중국, 한국과 대만, 베트남 등의 비중이 높게 나타났다. 또한, 부산항과 광양항 등 한국항만이 중국 네트워크에서 큰 경쟁력을 확보하고 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. By using social network analysis, this study examined 102 countries, 281 ports, and 6,318 maritime routes associated with the global network of the Maersk Line. With the ‘Belt and Road’ in place, China is developing ports, expanding the cooperation with major ports, and increasing its influence on maritime transport. China’s ports’ reform and development implies establishing stable and independent logistic networks for supply of raw materials as well as exports and imports. This is closely related not only to individual ports’ competitiveness, but also to relational structures between maritime powerhouses such as the US—which has the largest share and influence in the global market—and the surrounding countries. In this regard, an analysis of the maritime transport needs to consider the characteristics of individual ports together with those of each country. This study identified the characteristics of each port in light of the relationships in the global network of Maersk and applied them to each country. Moreover, the individual networks of China, the US, and Korea are compared. The findings showed that China, the US, Panama, Malaysia, and Spain accounted for large shares of the global network, while the shares of China, Korea, Taiwan, and Vietnam were high in China’s network. In addition, by comparing individual networks of China, the US, and Korea, it emerged that Korean ports such as Busan and Gwangyang had secured a high level of competitiveness in the Chinese network.
Chang, Woochul,Song, Byeong-Wook,Lim, Soyeon,Song, Heesang,Shim, Chi Young,Cha, Min-Ji,Ahn, Dong Hyuck,Jung, Young-Gook,Lee, Dong-Ho,Chung, Ji Hyung,Choi, Ki-Doo,Lee, Seung-Kyou,Chung, Namsik,Lee, San AlphaMed Press 2009 Stem Cells Vol.27 No.9
<P>Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for myocardial injury has inherent limitations due to the poor viability of MSCs after cell transplantation. In this study, we directly delivered Hsp70, a protein with protective functions against stress, into MSCs, using the Hph-1 protein transduction domain ex vivo for high transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity. Compared to control MSCs in in vitro hypoxic conditions, MSCs delivered with Hph-1-Hsp70 (Hph-1-Hsp70-MSCs) displayed higher viability and anti-apoptotic properties, including Bcl2 increase, reduction of Bax, JNK phosphorylation and caspase-3 activity. Hsp70 delivery also attenuated cellular ATP-depleting stress. Eight animals per group were used for in vivo experiments after occlusion of the left coronary artery. Transplantation of Hph-1-Hsp70-MSCs led to a decrease in the fibrotic heart area, and significantly reduced the apoptotic positive index by 19.5 +/- 2%, compared to no-treatment controls. Hph-1-Hsp70-MSCs were well-integrated into the infarcted host myocardium. The mean microvessel count per field in the infarcted myocardium of the Hph-1-Hsp70-MSC-treated group (122.1 +/- 13.5) increased relative to the MSC-treated group (75.9 +/- 10.4). By echocardiography, transplantation of Hph-1-Hsp70-MSCs resulted in additional increases in heart function, compared to the MSCs-transplanted group. Our results may help formulate better clinical strategies for in vivo MSC cell therapy for myocardial damage.</P>