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New kinds of open mappings via fuzzy nano $M$-open sets
V. Kalaiyarasan,S. Tamilselvan,A. Prabhu,C. John Sundar 한국전산응용수학회 2023 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.41 No.3
In this paper, we introduce the concept of fuzzy nano $M$ open and fuzzy nano $M$ closed mappings in fuzzy nano topological spaces. Also, we study about fuzzy nano $M$ Homeomorphism, almost fuzzy nano $M$ totally mappings, almost fuzzy nano $M$ totally continuous mappings and super fuzzy nano $M$ clopen continuous functions and their properties in fuzzy nano topological spaces. By using these mappings, we can able to extended the relation between normal spaces and regular spaces in fuzzy nano topological spaces.
Labour Law Reform and Flexibility In India and China
K. R. Shyam Sundar,C. S. Venkata Ratnam 한국고용노사관계학회 2008 産業關係硏究 Vol.18 No.2
India and China, the two fast growing economies in recent times, offer interesting comparative picture on labour flexibility and labour reforms. The paper seeks to (a) narrate the nature of labour market and industrial relations system (IRS), (b) review labour reform debate, (c) identify the nature and extent of rigidities in labour market and IRS, (d) describe and analyze the labour reform strategies, and (e) compare the reform experiences and draws policy lessons. The labour market and IRS in pre-reform period in both were characterized by rigidities in varying degrees. Labour reforms to introduce flexibility in the system were needed in both. The similarities end here. There exist radical differences in the extent of rigidities in labour market, nature of IRS, the reform strategies, the political management of reforms and their impact between the two. The differences are sought to be explained using political and institutional factors.
Neat Synthesis and Anti-oxidant Activity of α-Hydroxyphosphonates
K. Uma Maheswara Rao,C. Radha Rani,S. Siva Prasad,Ch. Syama Sundar,C. Suresh Reddy 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.9
A simple efficient and neat synthesis of α-hydroxy phosphonates has been accomplished from aromatic/heterocyclic aldehydes and diethyl phosphite using KHSO_4 as a catalyst under solvent-free conditions at ambient temperature. These compounds are characterized by spectral and analytical data and tested for their anti-oxidant activity.
Neat Synthesis and Anti-oxidant Activity of α-Hydroxyphosphonates
Rao, K. Uma Maheswara,Sundar, Ch. Syama,Prasad, S. Siva,Rani, C. Radha,Reddy, C. Suresh Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.9
A simple efficient and neat synthesis of ${\alpha}$-hydroxy phosphonates has been accomplished from aromatic/heterocyclic aldehydes and diethyl phosphite using $KHSO_4$ as a catalyst under solvent-free conditions at ambient temperature. These compounds are characterized by spectral and analytical data and tested for their anti-oxidant activity.
SENSITIVIY OF A NANOCANTILEVER-BASED MASS SENSOR
K. PRABAKAR,J. JAYAPANDIAN,A. K. TYAGI,C. S. SUNDAR,BALDEV RAJ 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2010 NANO Vol.5 No.1
In the present work, mass and position sensitivity of a nanocantilever is simulated using finite element analysis. Changes in resonant frequency of various modes of a polysilicon cantilever, with a gold coating of different thickness, area, and spatial distribution is simulated. It is found that for a uniform increase in gold coating thickness, torsional mode gives an order higher mass sensitivity than vertical bending and lateral bending modes. In other cases, sensitivity is highly dependent on the position of the coating and is explained on the basis of flexural rigidity. Apart from this, simulations were performed for a point mass (gold cube) loading at various positions along the length and width axis of the cantilever. Further, for localized mass loading, cantilever was tailored for enhanced sensitivity. It is found that by introducing a step discontinuity in thickness of the cantilever, the mass sensitivity increases by two orders of magnitude and it depends on the position of step from free end, step thickness, and step width.
Mapping the Posterior Ledge and Optic Foramen in Orbital Floor Blowout Fractures
Wong Yu Cong,Goh Doreen S.L.,Yoong Celine S.Y.,Ho Cowan,Cai Elijah Z.,Hing Angela,Lee Hanjing,Nallathamby Vigneswaran,Yap Yan L.,Lim Jane,Gangadhara Sundar,Lim Thiam C. 대한성형외과학회 2023 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.50 No.4
Background The posterior ledge (PL) is a vital structure that supports the implant posteriorly during orbital floor reconstruction. This study describes a technique for mapping the PL in relation to the infraorbital margin (IM) in patients with orbital floor blowout fractures. This study establishes the location of the optic foramen in relation to the PL. Methods Facial computed tomography (FCT) scans of 67 consecutive patients with isolated orbital floor blowout fractures were analyzed using Osirix. Planes of reference for orbital fractures, a standardized technique for performing measurements on FCT, was used. Viewed coronally, the orbit was divided into seven equal sagittal slices (L1 laterally to L7 medially) with reference to themidorbital plane. The distances of PL from IM and location of optic foramen were determined. Results The greatest distance to PL is found at L5 (median: 30.1mm, range: 13.5– 37.1mm). The median and ranges for each slice are as follows: L1 (median: 0.0mm, range: 0.0–19.9mm), L2 (median: 0.0mm, range: 0.0–21.5mm), L3 (median: 15.8mm, range: 0.0–31.7mm), L4 (median: 26.1mm, range: 0.0–34.0mm), L5 (median: 30.1mm, range: 13.5–37.1mm), L6 (median: 29.0mm, range: 0.0– 36.3mm), L7 (median: 20.8mm, range: 0.0–39.2mm). The median distance of the optic foramen from IM is 43.7mm (range: 37.0– 49.1) at L7.