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손원호,전병임 부산 외국어 대학교 2000 外大論叢 Vol.20 No.1
The further will be decided by mathematics and science education and we need a revolutionary conversion in our country's education. In this study, it is aimed to perform open education in mathematics education field. In additional, all elementary fields will have to seek the education for supporting creativity. These whole courses will be arranged after the elementary fields are compounded by mathematical ability or communication. Observing the problem of mathematics education in the parts of the management theory of school and teaching methods, I studied various educational approaching processes and instructing methods in changing mathematics attitudes and interesting. These methods will be perform by positive promotion in mathematics education. Open education will play a great role in our country's education in the view of free education course which students become the center of it.
세포질내 정자주입법(ICSI)에 있어서 정자흡입 및 난자내 주입방법에 관한 연구
이택후,김항진,송건호,김대근,전상식,박윤규,서태광,전병균,류은경,이은숙,문진수,김광철 경북대학교 의학연구소 2000 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.4 No.1
Study on Method of Sperm Aspiration and Injection into an Oocyte in Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection(ICSI) Immobilization of spermatozoa prior to intracytoplasmic sperm iniection(ICSI) sometimes results in crooked tail and this makes it difficult to aspirate sperm into an injection pipette tail first. Head-first sperm aspiration into an injection pipette avoid this problem due to the bigger size of the sperm head. The effect of head or tail-first sperm injection into an oocyte on fertilization cleavage, percentage of grade I embryos and development to blastocyst stage in ICSI program has been studied. A single living immobilized spermatozoa from oligoasthenozoospermic patient was injected into an oocyte head-first or tail-first according to the treatment. Eighteen hours after microinjection, oocytes ware inspected for survival and fertilization Fertilized oocytes with two pronuclei were cultured in 30μl drop of mHTF supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated follicular fluid(FF) at 37℃. On day 2. embryo transfer was performed with cleaved embryos. The remaining 2-8 cell stage embryos were co-cultured with BRL cells in mHTF + 10% FF for 72 hours and the developmental stage was observed. The data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance. A total of 164 oocytes from 36 cycles were assigned to earth treatment and ICSI was performed(88 head-first, tail-first). The rates of normal fertilization were 81.8% and 76.3% for head-first and tail-first, respectively. Of the fertilized oocytes, the percentage of cleaved embryos and the percentage of grade 1 embryo among cleaved embryos were 88.9% and 68.8%, 93.1% and 74.1% for head-first and tail-first, respectively. Of the 2-8 cell embryos cultured, 44.4%(16/36) and 50.0%(10/20) for head first and tail first, respectively developed to blastocyst stage. There were no differences in fertilization, cleavage, rates of grade 1 embryos, and development to blastocyst stage. In conclusion, head-first or tail-first sperm injection into an oocyte in ICSI program does not affect fertilization and subsequent embryo development to blastocyst stage in vitro.
First Description of Crown Gall Disease on Ginseng
Jeon, Yong-Ho,Park, Hoon,Lee, Byeong-Dae,Yu, Yun-Hyun,Chang, Sung-Pae,Kim, Sang-Gyu,Hwang, In-Gyu,Kim, Young-Ho The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2008 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.24 No.2
In March of 2003, tumors (galls) were observed on ginseng seedling roots in ginseng seedbeds at Yeoju, Gyeonggi province, Korea. Symptoms were spherical or galls with about 0.5-1.0cm in diameter formed on the upper through middle parts of the primary roots. Bacterial isolates obtained from the root galls were Gram-negative, rod-shaped with peritrichous flagella, aerobic, not forming yellow or orange colonies on nutrient glucose agar, yeast extract-dextrose $CaCO_3$ agar and nutrient-broth yeast extract agar, non-fluorescent on King's B agar, and non-spore forming, which were identical to characteristics of the genus Agrobacterium. They were identified as Agrobacterium tumefaciens with 0.732-0.993 similarities in 100% probability by the Biolog analyses. The 16S rRNA gene partial sequences of the six isolates tested (Genbank Accession EF486308-EF486313) were 100% homologous to those of other A. tumefaciens strains (GenBank accession AF501343, AY701900, AY701898, AY701899). The above results confirmed that this bacterium is A. tumefaciens. Pathogenicity of the bacteria was proved by the inoculation test on carrot root discs and tomato seedlings. This is the first description of A. tumefaciens causing root gall in ginseng seedling. The disease occurred locally and sparsely, but considering its appearances in seedbeds suggests that the ginseng root gall may become a threat to ginseng in Korea.
Purification and Some Properties of the Polyphenol Oxidase from Ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi
Byeong-Jun Jeon,Kang-Ho Lee,Hong-Soo Ryu,Byeong-Jin You 한국식품영양과학회 1996 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.1 No.1
Polyphenol oxidase(PPO) isolated from the crude extract of ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi, showed higher affinity for catechol than tyrosine or DL-DOPA. Successful enzyme assay could be performed at 25℃, 10 min. by mixing 0.2ml of crude enzyme extract with 2.8ml of 0.13M catechol in 0.1M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.4). The specific activity of PPO which had been purified with a combination of ammonium sulfate treatment, ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, and gel filtration on Sepharose 6B was 13-fold higher than that of crude extract. The purified enzyme was homogeneous as confirmed by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. The activity of PPO was stable from pH 5.0 to 8.0 and showed the peak activity at pH 6.4. The optimum reaction temperature for PPO oxidation on catechol was 35℃ and those enzyme were heat stable up to 40℃. Molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated about 170 kDa. One molecule was found to be composed of four subunits. Two of them had molecular weight of 55 kDa and the others 30 kDa. The K_m values, V_(max) and catalytic efficiency(V_(max)/K_m) for catechol were 0.12mM, 2.56mM/liter/min. and 0.18min^(-1) respectively. The substrate affinity and electrophorectic pattern suggested that the enzyme of ascidian was considered to be not tyrosine but catechol oxidase.