Executive Capacity Building in the Public Service for Better Governance: The Case of the Philippine Civil Service

( Brillantes Alex B. Jr ),( Fernandez Carag Maricel ),( Pan Suk Kim ) 한국외국어대학교 동남아연구소 2014 東南亞硏究 Vol.24 No.2

The Philippine Service is over 100 years old. Its establishment has largely been the result of the efforts of the American colonial government to establish a professional bureaucracy that would be responsible for the sustainable design and implementation and delivery of services to the people. Experience has shown that it is imperative to continuously develop the capacities of those in the bureaucracy, if it is to be the bedrock of both stability and continuity, coupled with change and innovation, considering the demands of a rapidly changing society. This paper focuses on the several levers: developing and strengthening leadership, and transforming mind-sets, behavior, and values of the people in the public bureaucracy. It is within this context that the paper will discuss the role of executive development programs in the Philippine public service and how they have been implemented either directly by offices of the civil service or by training providers. It discusses some of the issues and concerns with regard to their implementation, draws out some lessons that can be learned given the Philippine experience in public service training and leadership development, and suggests some next steps that can be considered within the context of building executive capacity in the Philippine public service.

Technical Efficiency of Maize Production in the North West Region of Cameroon: A Stochastic Frontier Application on Small-Scale Farmers in Balikumbat Sub-Division

Bobah Brillant Sisang(보바 브릴런트 시상),Jong-In Lee(이종인) 한국산학기술학회 2022 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.23 No.11

옥수수 생산은 카메룬 농촌 지역의 주요 농업 활동이다. 다양한 형태의 주식인 옥수수에 대한 강력한 문화적, 역사적 소비 습관에 힘입어 카메룬 북서부 지역의 소규모 옥수수 생산은 이 지역의 식량 안보에 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 이 연구는 Balikumbat Sub-Division의 소규모 옥수수 농부 110명을 표본으로 했다. 연구 지역에서 소규모 옥수수 생산의 기술적 효율성 수준을 조사하기 위해 Cobb-Douglas Production 함수를 적용한 Output-Oriented 접근방식을 통한 확률적 프론티어 분석을 사용했다. 비효율 모델은 표본 농부들 사이의 기술적 비효율의 원인을 식별하는데 사용되었다. 연구 결과에 따르면 연구 지역의 옥수수 농부는 기술적으로 52% 효율적이었고 기존 생산 기술로 생산량을 48%까지 향상시킬 수 있는 넓은 가능성이 있었다. 연구 결과는 또한 옥수수 생산량의 총 변동의 96%가 기술적 비효율의 원인으로 추적할 수 있음을 보여주었다. 사용된 종자의 양, 비료의 양, 농장 노동력의 가용성은 모두 활동의 기술적 효율성에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 기술 비효율은 가구 규모, 농장 규모, 훈련 및 확장 지도에 의해 부정적인 영향을 받았고 따라서 농민의 기술 효율성에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 따라서 현재 생산 기술로 연구 지역의 옥수수 생산량을 개선할 여지가 있으며 필요하다. Maize production is a major agricultural activity in the rural areas of Cameroon. Encouraged by a strong cultural and historic consumption habit for corn as a staple food in different forms, small-scale maize production in the North West Region of Cameroon plays a key role in food security. This study sampled 110 small-scale maize farmers in the Balikumbat Sub-Division. To examine the level of technical efficiency of small-scale maize production in the study area, we applied the Stochastic Frontier analysis through an Output-Oriented approach with the Cobb-Douglas Production function. An inefficiency model was used to identify the sources of technical inefficiency among the sampled farmers. The findings revealed that maize farmers in the study area were 52% technically efficient, with an abundant possibility of improving their output by 48% with the existing production technology. The findings also showed that 96% of the total variation in maize output was traceable to sources of technical inefficiency. The amount of seed used, the quantity of fertilizer, and the availability of farm labor all had a statistically significant effect on the technical efficiency of the activity. Moreover, technical inefficiency was negatively impacted by household size, farm size, training, and extension guidance; hence, these factors positively influenced the technical efficiency of farmers. Our results indicate there is room and a need to improve maize output in the study area using the current production technology.

Factors Influencing Consumer Preference for Rice in the North West Region of Cameroon

Bobah Brillant Sisang,김상만,이진,손우총,이종인 한국국제농업개발학회 2019 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.31 No.3

Cameroon is a rice-importing country due to rapid population increase and urbanization growth. As agriculture becomes more market oriented so too are consumers preference changing. Therefore, this study specifically examines the factors influencing consumers preference for rice in Cameroon with a case study of Mezam and Ngoketunjia Divisions of the North West Regions. With the use of well-structured questionnaires, 300 rice consumers were sampled across the major market areas of the divisions. The multinomial logit model was used to assess why households in the study area consume the different categories of rice in the market, while factor analysis and linear regression were used to identify the rice quality or market attributes that had an influence on consumers decisions. The study revealed that rice consumers were in three categories, those who ate only local rice, and those who ate only imported rice, and those who ate both combinations of local and imported rice. The major socioeconomic factors that significantly influences consumers preference were income level, educational level and working status of rice household consumers. The rice quality or market related attributes with significant influence on consumers preference were taste, aroma, texture, and degree of whiteness of the grains after milling. Market attributes like origin and availability of rice were also significant factors, which influences consumer preference. Grouping these factors into two groups identifies the production or rice quality factors to have a general significant influence on rice consumption in the region. There are therefore needs to improve on the production and post-harvest chain. Those will greatly improve the quality and competitiveness of local rice in the Region.

Theory and Practice of Public Administration in the Philippines: Concerns for an Identity Crisis

Alex B. Brillantes Jr,Maricel T. Fernandez 서울대학교행정대학원 2013 Asian Journal of Political Science Vol.21 No.1

The discipline of public administration in the Philippines has been undergoing its version of an ‘identity crisis’ over the past decade. This crisis has been manifested in four areas: (1) the inordinate influence of mostly American public administration theories and concepts upon Philippines public administration has led Filipino academics in the early to mid-1980s to ask the question ‘is there a Philippine public administration?’; (2) the perceived disconnect between theories of public administration as taught in schools and the realities in the outside world has raised questions of the relevance of the discipline to real world challenges; (3) the continued frustration over the perception that in spite of many public administration and governance reforms, the Philippines continues to be among the more corrupt nations in the region; and (4) the recent fascination of academics in other disciplines, especially economists, that ‘institutions matter’, has led some public administration scholars to argue that their discipline has been arguing precisely the same point since the 1950s.

Executive Capacity Building in the Public Service for Better Governance: The Case of the Philippine Civil Service

김판석,Brillantes, Alex B.Jr,Maricel Fernandez-Carag 한국외국어대학교 동남아연구소 2014 東南亞硏究 Vol.24 No.2

The Philippine Service is over 100 years old. Its establishment has largely been the result of the efforts of the American colonial government to establish a professional bureaucracy that would be responsible for the sustainable design and implementation and delivery of services to the people. Experience has shown that it is imperative to continuously develop the capacities of those in the bureaucracy, if it is to be the bedrock of both stability and continuity, coupled with change and innovation, considering the demands of a rapidly changing society. This paper focuses on the several levers: developing and strengthening leadership, and transforming mind-sets, behavior, and values of the people in the public bureaucracy. It is within this context that the paper will discuss the role of executive development programs in the Philippine public service and how they have been implemented either directly by offices of the civil service or by training providers. It discusses some of the issues and concerns with regard to their implementation, draws out some lessons that can be learned given the Philippine experience in public service training and leadership development, and suggests some next steps that can be considered within the context of building executive capacity in the Philippine public service.

Effects of E-commerce Terminal Logistics Service Quality on Rural Residents' Online Purchasing Behavior — Case study: Jilin Province in China

Yu-cong Sun,Shi-yong Piao,Jin-tao Chen,Bobah Brillant Sisang,Jong-in Lee 한국국제농업개발학회 2021 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.33 No.4

농촌 종점 물류는 농촌 주민들의 온라인 쇼핑에 영향을 주는 중요한 요인임. 농촌 인터넷 쇼핑의 서비스 품질은 양호한 종점 물류 배송과 지원이 필요함. 농촌 이커머스의 발전에 의 하여 농촌 주민들이 서비스의 품질에 대한 기대치도 높아지고 있음. 본 연구에서는 이커머스 만족도를 통한 농촌 종점 물류 서비스 품질이 농촌 주민의 온라인 구매행위에 어떠한 영향 미치는지 검토하고, 농촌 종점 물류 서비스의 발전을 위한 개 선 및 발전전략을 제시하였음. 본 연구에서는 구조방정식모델 (SEM)과 온충린의 매개효과 테스트를 적용하여 분석하였음. 1. 신뢰성과 서비스 편의성은 만족도에 긍정적 영향을 미치며, 원가절약은 만족도에 부정적 영향을 미침. 2. 만족도는 인터넷 쇼핑에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났음. 3. 만족도는 반응성과 구매행위 사이에 매개효과가 있고 경제와 구매행위 사이에도 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났음. Rural terminal logistics are important determinants of the rural residents' online shopping. The service quality of rural online shopping needs good terminal logistics distribution and support chain. As e-commerce expands to rural areas, residents are gradually increasing their expectations on service quality. Taking satisfaction as an intermediary variable, this study explored influences of various dimensions of rural terminal logistics service quality on rural residents' online purchasing behavior, and provided corresponding improvements and development countermeasures for the development of rural terminal logistics service that would improve the quality of life of rural residents. The structural equation models (SEM) and Zhong Lin Wen’s method of mediating effect test were in the analysis (Wen et al., 2004). Distribution reliability and service convenience had positive effects on satisfaction, while economy had a negative effect on satisfaction. Meanwhile, satisfaction had a positive effect on online purchasing behavior, while satisfaction had a mediator effect between responsiveness and purchase behavior, and a mediator effect was also observed between Economy and purchase behavior.

Limb-darkening measurements for a cool red giant in microlensing event OGLE 2004-BLG-482

Zub, M.,Cassan, A.,Heyrovsky, D.,Fouque, P.,Stempels, H.C.,Albrow, M.D.,Beaulieu, J.-P.,Brillant, S.,Christie, G.W.,Kains, N. EDP Sciences 2011 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.525 No.-

REVISITING THE MICROLENSING EVENT OGLE 2012-BLG-0026: A SOLAR MASS STAR WITH TWO COLD GIANT PLANETS

Beaulieu, J.-P.,Bennett, D. P.,Batista, V.,Fukui, A.,Marquette, J.-B.,Brillant, S.,Cole, A. A.,Rogers, L. A.,Sumi, T.,Abe, F.,Bhattacharya, A.,Koshimoto, N.,Suzuki, D.,Tristram, P. J.,Han, C.,Gould, A American Astronomical Society 2016 The Astrophysical Journal Vol.824 No.2

<P>Two cold gas giant planets orbiting a G-type main-sequence star in the galactic disk were previously discovered in the high-magnification microlensing event OGLE-2012-BLG-0026. Here, we present revised host star flux measurements and a refined model for the two-planet system using additional light curve data. We performed high angular resolution adaptive optics imaging with the Keck and Subaru telescopes at two epochs while the source star was still amplified. We detected the lens flux, H = 16.39 +/- 0.08. The lens, a disk star, is brighter than predicted from the modeling in the original study. We revisited the light curve modeling using additional photometric data from the B&C telescope in New Zealand and CTIO 1.3 m H-band light curve. We then include the Keck and Subaru adaptive optic observation constraints. The system is composed of a similar to 4-9 Gyr lens star of M-lens = 1.06 +/- 0.05 M circle dot at a distance of D-lens = 4.0 +/- 0.3 kpc, orbited by two giant planets of 0.145 +/- 0.008 M-Jup and 0.86 +/- 0.06 M-Jup, with projected separations of 4.0 +/- 0.5 au and 4.8 +/- 0.7 au, respectively. Because the lens is brighter than the source star by 16 +/- 8% in H, with no other blend within one arcsec, it will be possible to estimate its metallicity using subsequent IR spectroscopy with 8-10 m class telescopes. By adding a constraint on the metallicity it will be possible to refine the age of the system.</P>

THE FIRST NEPTUNE ANALOG OR SUPER-EARTH WITH A NEPTUNE-LIKE ORBIT: MOA-2013-BLG-605LB

Sumi, T.,Udalski, A.,Bennett, D. P.,Gould, A.,Poleski, R.,Bond, I. A.,Skowron, J.,Rattenbury, N.,Pogge, R. W.,Bensby, T.,Beaulieu, J. P.,Marquette, J. B.,Batista, V.,Brillant, S.,Abe, F.,Asakura, Y.,B American Astronomical Society 2016 The Astrophysical journal Vol.825 No.2

<P>We present the discovery of the first Neptune analog exoplanet or super-Earth with a Neptune-like orbit, MOA-2013-BLG-605Lb. This planet has a mass similar to that of Neptune or a super-Earth and it orbits at 9 similar to 14 times the expected position of the snow line, a(snow), which is similar to Neptune's separation of 11 a(snow) from the Sun. The planet/host-star mass ratio is q = (3.6 +/- 0.7) x 10(-4) and the projected separation normalized by the Einstein radius is s = 2.39 +/- 0.05. There are three degenerate physical solutions and two of these are due to a new type of degeneracy in the microlensing parallax parameters, which we designate 'the wide degeneracy.' The three models have (i) a Neptune-mass planet with a mass of M-p = 21(-7)(+6)M(circle plus) orbiting a low-mass M-dwarf with a mass of M-h = 0.19(-0.06)(+0.05)M(circle dot), (ii) a mini-Neptune with M-p = 7.9(-1.2)(+1.8)M(circle plus) orbiting a brown dwarf host with M-h = 0.068(-0.011)(+0.019)M(circle dot), and (iii) a super-Earth with M-p = 3.2(-0.3)(+0.5)M(circle plus) orbiting a low-mass brown dwarf host with M-h = 0.025(-0.004)(+0.005)M(circle dot), which is slightly favored. The 3D planet-host separations are 4.6(-1.2)(+4.7) au, 2.1(-0.2) (+1.0) au, and 0.94(-0.02)(+0.67) au, which are 8.9(-1.4)(+10.5), 12(-1)(+7), or 14(-1)(+11) times larger than a(snow) for these models, respectively. Keck adaptive optics observations confirm that the lens is faint. This discovery suggests that low-mass planets with Neptune-like orbits are common. Therefore processes similar to the one that formed Neptune in our own solar system or cold super-Earths may be common in other solar systems.</P>