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Güray Can,Emrah Poşul,Bülent Yılmaz,Hatice Can,Uğur Korkmaz,Fatih Ermiş,Mevlüt Kurt,Ülkü Dağlı 대한내과학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.34 No.3
Background/Aims: There are only a few epidemiological study about inflammatory bowel disease in the last 10 years in Turkey, especially in Western Blacksea region. In our study, we aimed to identify the changes in the incidence and the prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in Western Blacksea region at the last 10 years. Methods: Totally 223 patients with inf lammatory bowel disease (160 ulcerative colitis, 63 Crohn’s disease) were enrolled in the study followed up between 2004 to 2013 years. The epidemiological characteristics of patients were recorded. Results: The prevalences were 12.53/105 and 31.83/105 for Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis respectively. Mean annual incidences increased from 0.99/105 and 0.45/105 for ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease (2004 to 2005 years) to 4.87/105 and 2.09/105 for ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease respectively (2011 to 2013 years). While the prevalence was higher in urban areas in Crohn’s disease (12.60/105), it was higher in rural areas in ulcerative colitis (36.17/105). In ulcerative colitis, mean annual incidences were 2.91/105 and 2.86/105 for urban and rural areas respectively. In Crohn’s disease, they were 1.37/105 and 1.08/105 for urban and rural areas respectively. Conclusions: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease seems to increase in Western Blacksea region at the last 10 years. This increment is more prevalent in rural areas.
The Impact of Optical Illusions on the Vestibular System
Öztürk Şeyma Tuğba,Şerbetçioğlu Mustafa Bülent,Ersin Kerem,Yılmaz Oğuz 대한청각학회 2021 Journal of Audiology & Otology Vol.25 No.3
Background and Objectives: Balance control is maintained in stationary and dynamic conditions, with coordinated muscle responses generated by somatosensory, vestibular, and visual inputs. This study aimed to investigate how the vestibular system is affected in the presence of an optical illusion to better understand the interconnected pathways of the visual and vestibular systems.Subjects and Methods: The study involved 54 young adults (27 males and 27 females) aged 18-25 years. The recruited participants were subjected to the cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMP) test and video head impulse test (vHIT). The cVEMP and vHIT tests were performed once each in the absence and presence of an optical illusion. In addition, after each test, whether the individuals felt balanced was determined using a questionnaire.Results: cVEMP results in the presence of the optical illusion showed shortened latencies and increased amplitudes for the left side in comparison to the results in the absence of the optical illusion (<i>p</i>≤0.05). When vHIT results were compared, it was seen that the right lateral and bilateral anterior canal gains were increased, almost to 1.0 (<i>p</i><0.05).Conclusions: It is thought that when the visual-vestibular inputs are incompatible with each other, the sensory reweighting mechanism is activated, and this mechanism strengthens the more reliable (vestibular) inputs, while suppressing the less reliable (visual) inputs. As long as the incompatible condition persists, the sensory reweighting mechanism will continue to operate, thanks to the feedback loop from the efferent vestibular system.