성경 속의 가난 - 앗씨시의 가난한 자 였던 성 프란시스에게 바침

대천덕(Reuben Archer Torrey) 밴쿠버기독교세계관대학원 1991 통합연구 Vol.4 No.2

The Bible contains over 986 references to economic issues, of which approximately 500 deal directly with poverty. The Old Testament gives formulas for preventing or correcting poverty, and these are laid down objectively and simply, but the vast majority of the references are in connection with failures to apply these basic systems and are filled with emotion and anger. The New Testament agrees with the Old Testament. The key word in the New Testament in this respect is fulfill. It is carefully emphasized that the Old Testaments is not discarded or replaced, but only fulfilled. Christians should note that the teaching that Jesus fulfilled the Old Testament and that his followers have no responsibility to do anything about the Old Testament is unscriptural. It is and has been requently used as an excuse to avoid responsibility. The fact is, the New Testament cannot be understood apart from the Old Testament. The New Testament adds to the Old Testament the necessity and the possibility of a change of heart plus the power of the Holy Spirit to fulfill the Old Testament. The Old Testament refers frequently to the spiritual problem, but until the coming of the Holy Spirit through Jesus Christ, there could be no solution to the spiritual problem. In addition to supplementing the Old Testament by means of the inner work of the Holy Spirit(the external work of the Holy Spirit, for miracles and prophecy, existed in OT times), the New Testament adds one more solution to the poverty problem which is only hinted at in the Old Testament. This is the koinonia of the Holy Spirit. In the Old Testament the family provided an important economic unit that was often able to deal with the problem of poverty. In the cases of widows and orphans` however, the family system often broke down. There are a great many references to widows and orphans in the Old Testament discussions of economic issues. The New Testament solution is to create a new family, the family of all believers. This is known by the technical term koinonia, and supersedes (but also includes) the natural family as an agency for dealing with poverty. In Old Testament times people gave to the poor, but often with a considerable degree of condescension, leaving the poor feeling inferior and embarrassed. The koinonia of the New Testament completely removes this condescension. Every member of the new family unit, the koinonia, is a member of Christ and has equal dignity with every other member. There may be priorities(I Cor. 12. 28), but these do not imply superiority in the worldly sense. No one is treated with condescension, but all with equal love, respect, and dignity.

How can the Church & the Christians Prevent an Economic Crisis ?

대천덕 통합연구학회 1998 통합연구 Vol.11 No.3-4

Numerical Cavitation Intensity on a Hydrofoil for 3D Homogeneous Unsteady Viscous Flows

Leclercq, Christophe,Archer, Antoine,Fortes-Patella, Regiane,Cerru, Fabien Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2017 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.10 No.3

The cavitation erosion remains an industrial issue for many applications. This paper deals with the cavitation intensity, which can be described as the fluid mechanical loading leading to cavitation damage. The estimation of this quantity is a challenging problem both in terms of modeling the cavitating flow and predicting the erosion due to cavitation. For this purpose, a numerical methodology was proposed to estimate cavitation intensity from 3D unsteady cavitating flow simulations. CFD calculations were carried out using Code_Saturne, which enables U-RANS equations resolution for a homogeneous fluid mixture using the Merkle's model, coupled to a $k-{\varepsilon}$ turbulence model with the Reboud's correction. A post-process cavitation intensity prediction model was developed based on pressure and void fraction derivatives. This model is applied on a flow around a hydrofoil using different physical (inlet velocities) and numerical (meshes and time steps) parameters. The article presents the cavitation intensity model as well as the comparison of this model with experimental results. The numerical predictions of cavitation damage are in good agreement with experimental results obtained by pitting test.

Blunted hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in experimental neonatal chronic lung disease.

Rey-Parra, Gloria Juliana,Archer, Stephen L,Bland, Richard D,Albertine, Kurt H,Carlton, David P,Cho, Soo-Chul,Kirby, Beth,Haromy, Al,Eaton, Farah,Wu, Xichen,Thé,baud, Bernard American Lung Association 2008 American journal of respiratory and critical care Vol.178 No.4

<P>RATIONALE: Neonatal chronic lung disease (CLD), caused by prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) with O(2)-rich gas, is the most common cause of long-term hospitalization and recurrent respiratory illness in extremely premature infants. Recurrent episodes of hypoxemia and associated ventilator adjustments often lead to worsening CLD. The mechanism that causes these hypoxemic episodes is unknown. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), which is partially controlled by O(2)-sensitive voltage-gated potassium (K(v)) channels, is an important adaptive response to local hypoxia that helps to match perfusion and ventilation in the lung. OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that chronic lung injury (CLI) impairs HPV. METHODS: We studied preterm lambs that had MV with O(2)-rich gas for 3 weeks and newborn rats that breathed 95%-O(2) for 2 weeks, both of which resulted in airspace enlargement and pulmonary vascular changes consistent with CLD. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: HPV was attenuated in preterm lambs with CLI after 2 weeks of MV and in newborn rats with CLI after 2 weeks of hyperoxia. HPV and constriction to the K(v)1.x-specific inhibitor, correolide, were preferentially blunted in excised distal pulmonary arteries (dPAs) from hyperoxic rats, whose dPAs exhibited decreased K(v)1.5 and K(v)2.1 mRNA and K(+) current. Intrapulmonary gene transfer of K(v)1.5, encoding the ion channel that is thought to trigger HPV, increased O(2)-sensitive K(+) current in cultured smooth muscle cells from rat dPAs, and restored HPV in hyperoxic rats. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced expression/activity of O(2)-sensitive K(v) channels in dPAs contributes to blunted HPV observed in neonatal CLD.</P>

Complex sternal and rib reconstruction with allogeneic material

Maliska, Charles Miles III,Archer, Robert Lloyd,Tarpley, Sharon Kaye,Miller III, Archibald Sanford Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2018 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.45 No.6

Sternal malunion, or loss, developed after a median sternotomy cannot only be difficult to manage and treat, but also may diminish one's quality-of-life drastically. The technique presented here represents a multispecialty approach in one stage for the reconstruction of an unstable thoracic cage. The procedure utilized a donated sternum and ribs. The sternum with ribs harvested from a single donor included adipose derived stromal vascular fraction (ADSVF) cells with marrow also from the same donor. Autologous muscle flaps, stabilized with acellular dermal matrix were utilized to provide a robust blood supply to the ADSVF cells and bone grafts. Acellular dermal matrix was used to construct the ribs and stabilize the plugs of stem cells and bone. These procedures, in the hands of multispecialty physicians, have led to several successful reconstructions involving complex chest wall deformities. This surgical intervention was performed in a one stage operation. This represents the first successful complete sternal transplant in a patient with return to normal activities and increased quality-of-life.

Spin-Polarizable Excitonic Luminescence in Colloidal Mn²⁺-Doped CdSe Quantum Dots

Beaulac, Ré,mi,Archer, Paul I.,Liu, Xinyu,Lee, Sanghoon,Salley, G. Mackay,Dobrowolska, Margaret,Furdyna, Jacek K.,Gamelin, Daniel R. American Chemical Society 2008 NANO LETTERS Vol.8 No.4

Numerical Cavitation Intensity on a Hydrofoil for 3D Homogeneous Unsteady Viscous Flows

Christophe Leclercq,Antoine Archer,Regiane Fortes-Patella,Fabien Cerru 한국유체기계학회 2017 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.10 No.3

The cavitation erosion remains an industrial issue for many applications. This paper deals with the cavitation intensity, which can be described as the fluid mechanical loading leading to cavitation damage. The estimation of this quantity is a challenging problem both in terms of modeling the cavitating flow and predicting the erosion due to cavitation. For this purpose, a numerical methodology was proposed to estimate cavitation intensity from 3D unsteady cavitating flow simulations. CFD calculations were carried out using Code_Saturne, which enables U-RANS equations resolution for a homogeneous fluid mixture using the Merkle"s model, coupled to a - turbulence model with the Reboud"s correction. A post-process cavitation intensity prediction model was developed based on pressure and void fraction derivatives. This model is applied on a flow around a hydrofoil using different physical (inlet velocities) and numerical (meshes and time steps) parameters. The article presents the cavitation intensity model as well as the comparison of this model with experimental results. The numerical predictions of cavitation damage are in good agreement with experimental results obtained by pitting test.

Spectroscopic Examination and Analysis of Unconfined Swirling Flames

Ashwani Gupta,Sean Archer,Kuniyuki Kitagawa 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.1

Spectroscopic techniques have been used to examine the dynamic behavior of unconfined swirling flows and flames under fuel-lean combustion conditions. Specific spectroscopic diagnostics used include 3-D stereo particle image velocimetry (PIV) for the flow field, optical emission spectroscopy for CH, OH and C2 chemiluminescence, and infrared thermometry for the temperature. The effect of the radial distribution of the combustion air swirl is examined under burning and non-burning conditions in an experimental double concentric swirl burner that simulates one swirl cup of a practical gas turbine combustor using propane as the fuel. Results show the roles of the co- and the counter-swirl distributions in a burner on the flow structure, both with and without combustion. Both the swirl distribution and combustion significantly influence the flow field, as well as the spatial distributions of CH, OH, C2, and the thermal field in flames. Combustion causes a significant increase in the velocity magnitudes and in the entrained mass flow rate for the co-swirl distribution.0

Hydromechanical Seismicity Rate Model for Induced Microearthquakes in the Karapiti Reinjection Field, New Zealand

Jongchan Kim,Young-Seog Kim,Rosalind Archer 대한지질학회 2021 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Anthropogenic seismic activities associated with fluid injection or production into or from deep subsurface have been observed in many areas, for instances, wastewater disposal, geothermal power plants, CO₂ sequestration, and underground natural gas storage. The magnitudes of injection induced earthquakes are mostly M < 2.0, so-called microseismicity. However, a few M > 5.0 earthquakes have also been recorded in some places such as Basel in Switzerland, Oklahoma in the USA and Pohang in Korea. In order to mitigate and forecast such strong seismic activities, it is essential to understand the interaction between injected fluid flow and geomechanical conditions. Due to the limitations of obtaining field data, physics-based hydromechanical coupled numerical simulators have been applied as a practical tool for interpretation of the earthquake sequences. The Karapiti reinjection area is located in the Wairakei geothermal field, which is a part of the greater Wairakei-Tauhara geothermal system in Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ), New Zealand. The dominant geological structure is NE-SW trending steeply dipping normal fault system due to the site location in the Lau-Havre-Taupo extensional back-arc basin resulting from the convergence of the Pacific Ocean plate and Australian continental plate. The Karapiti reinjection area was known as an aseismic zone in TVZ in spite of the location in the tectonically active zone. However, the number of injection induced microearthquakes was visibly increased after geothermal fluid reinjection commenced in 2011. Magnitudes of the events are mostly less than 2.0 indicating the microseismicity range. In this study, we investigate causative factors of microearthquake activities in the Krarapiti reinjection field using developed hydromechanical coupled seismicity rate modeling. We reproduced spatiotemporal event distribution and compared with observed seismic data. The simulated results are well consistent with the recorded data. However, the discrepancy of seismicity rate between simulated and observed ones exists at the occurrence of clustering events. In order to resolve this disagreement, a seismic decluster analysis needs to be applied for a better result. Based on our data and interpretation, the earthquake activities in the Karapiti area seem to be linked to the total injection rate.

Complex sternal and rib reconstruction with allogeneic material

Charles Miles Maliska III,Robert Lloyd Archer,Sharon Kaye Tarpley 대한성형외과학회 2018 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.45 No.6

Sternal malunion, or loss, developed after a median sternotomy cannot only be difficult to manage and treat, but also may diminish one’s quality-of-life drastically. The technique presented here represents a multispecialty approach in one stage for the reconstruction of an unstable thoracic cage. The procedure utilized a donated sternum and ribs. The sternum with ribs harvested from a single donor included adipose derived stromal vascular fraction (ADSVF) cells with marrow also from the same donor. Autologous muscle flaps, stabilized with acellular dermal matrix were utilized to provide a robust blood supply to the ADSVF cells and bone grafts. Acellular dermal matrix was used to construct the ribs and stabilize the plugs of stem cells and bone. These procedures, in the hands of multispecialty physicians, have led to several successful reconstructions involving complex chest wall deformities. This surgical intervention was performed in a one stage operation. This represents the first successful complete sternal transplant in a patient with return to normal activities and increased quality-of-life.