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Ahn, So Yoon,Yoo, Hye Soo,Lee, Jang Hoon,Sung, Dong Kyung,Jung, Yu Jin,Sung, Se In,Lim, Keun Ho,Chang, Yun Sil,Lee, Jung Hee,Kim, Ki Soo,Park, Won Soon The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2013 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.28 No.7
<P>This study was performed to determine the accuracy of proton magnetic spectroscopy (<SUP>1</SUP>H-MRS) lipid peak as a noninvasive tool for quantitative in vivo detection of brain cell death. Seven day-old Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to 8% oxygen following a unilateral carotid artery ligation. For treatment, cycloheximide was given immediately after hypoxic ischemia (HI). Lipid peak was measured using <SUP>1</SUP>H-MRS at 24 hr after HI, and then brains were harvested for fluorocytometric analyses with annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) and fluorescent probe JC-1, and for adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) and lactate. Increased lipid peak at 1.3 ppm measured with <SUP>1</SUP>H-MRS, apoptotic and necrotic cells, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ) at 24 hr after HI were significantly improved with cycloheximide treatment. Significantly reduced brain ATP and increased lactate levels observed at 24 hr after HI showed a tendency to improve without statistical significance with cycloheximide treatment. Lipid peak at 1.3 ppm showed significant positive correlation with both apoptotic and necrotic cells and loss of ΔΨ, and negative correlation with normal live cells. Lipid peak at 1.3 ppm measured by <SUP>1</SUP>H-MRS might be a sensitive and reliable diagnostic tool for quantitative in vivo detection of brain cell death after HI.</P>
Jang, Yu Jin,Jang, Yoon Hee,Han, Sang-Beom,Khatua, Dibyendu,Hess, Claudia,Ahn, Hyungju,Ryu, Du Yeol,Shin, Kwanwoo,Park, Kyung-Won,Steinhart, Martin,Kim, Dong Ha American Chemical Society 2013 ACS NANO Vol.7 No.2
<P>A synthetic strategy for the fabrication of graphitic carbon nanomaterials containing highly dispersed arrays of metal nanoparticles is reported. This synthetic strategy involves successive deposition of inverse micelle monolayers containing a metal precursor and reduction of the latter, followed by direct carbonization of the obtained multilayer structure of inverse micelles containing metal nanoparticles. Thus, a “direct-carbonization” concept, in which the block copolymer simultaneously serves as soft template and as carbon source, was combined with a multilayer buildup protocol. The inner architecture of the multilayer structures consisting of carbon and metal nanoparticles was studied by X-ray reflectivity, grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering, and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy imaging. The hexagonal near ordering of the metal nanoparticles in the block copolymer micelle multilayers was by and large conserved after carbonization. The resulting carbon structures containing multilayers of highly dispersed metal nanoparticles exhibit superior electrocatalytic activity in formic acid and methanol oxidation, suggesting that they are promising electrode materials for fuel cells.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2013/ancac3.2013.7.issue-2/nn3056115/production/images/medium/nn-2012-056115_0012.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn3056115'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Jang, Young Joo,Kil, Young Sook,Ahn, Jee Hee,Ji, Jae Hoon,Lim, Jong Seok,Won, M.,Yoo, Hyang Sook Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2005 Key Engineering Materials Vol.277 No.-
<P>The fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a single-celled free-living fungus that shares many features with cells of more complicated eukaryotes. Many of the genes required for the cell-cycle control, proteolysis, protein modification, and RNA splicing are highly conserved with those of higher eukaryotes. Moreover, fission yeast has the merit of genetics and its genetic system is already well characterized. As such, the current study evaluated the use of a fission yeast system as a tool for the functional study of mammalian genes and attempted to set up an assay system for novel genes. Since the phenotypes of a deletion mutant and the overexpression of a gene are generally analyzed for a functional study of specific genes in yeast, the present study used overexpression phenotypes to study the functions of mammalian genes. Therefore, based on using a thiamine-repressive promoter, two mammalian genes were expressed in fission yeast, and their overexpressed phenotypes compared with those in mammalian cells. The phenotypes resulting from overexpression were analyzed using a FACS, which analyzes the DNA contents, and a microscope. One of the selected genes was the mammalian Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), which is activated and plays a role in the mitotic phase of the cell division cycle. The overexpression of various constructs of Plk1 in the HeLa cells caused cell cycle defects, suggesting that the ectopic Plk1s blocked the endogenous Plk1 in the cells. As expected, when the constructs were overexpressed in the fission yeast system, the cells were arrested in mitosis and defected at the end of mitosis. As such, this data suggests that the Plk1-overexpressed phenotypes were similar in the mammalian cells and the fission yeast, thereby enabling the mammalian Plk1 functions to be approximated in the fission yeast. The other selected gene was the N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (ndrg2), which is upregulated during cell differentiation, yet still not well characterized. When the ndrg2 gene was overexpressed in the fission yeast, the cells contained multi-septa. The septa were positioned well, yet their number increased per cell. Therefore, this gene was speculated to block cell division in the last stage of the cell cycle, making the phenotype potentially useful for explaining cell growth and differentiation in mammalian cells. Accordingly, fission yeast is demonstrated to be an appropriate species for the functional study of mammalian genes.</P>
INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY SUBGROUPS
AHN, TAE-CHON,HUR, KUL,JANG, KYUNG-WON,ROH, SEOK-BEOM 호남수학회 2006 호남수학학술지 Vol.28 No.1
We discuss various types of sublattice of the lattice of intuitionistic fuzzy subgroups of a given group. We prove that a special class of intuitionitic fuzzy normal subgroups constitutes a modular sublattice of the lattice of intuitionistic fuzzy subgroups.
Pediatric Emergency Department Utilization and Coronavirus Disease in Daegu, Korea
Jang Kyung Mi,Ahn Ji Young,Choi Hee Joung,Lee Sukhee,Kim Dongsub,Lee Dong Won,Choe Jae Young 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.1
Background: Limited data exist on children's utilization of the emergency department (ED) in the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Thus, we aimed to examine ED utilization among pediatric patients and the impact of COVID-19 in one large city affecte by the outbreak. Methods: This retrospective study included data from six EDs in Daegu, Korea. We compare the demographic and clinical data of patients presenting to the ED during the COVID-19 pandemic (February 1st–June 30th 2020) with those of patients who visited the ED in this period during 2018 and 2019. Results: Fewer patients, particularly children visited the EDs during the study period in 202 than those in the previous (2018/2019) year period: the number of adult patient decreased by 46.4% and children by 76.9%. Although the number of patients increased from the lowest point of the decrease in March 2020, the number of pediatric patients visiting the ED remained less than half (45.2%) in June 2020 compared with that of previous years. The proportion of patients with severe conditions increased in adults, infants, and school-aged children, and consequently resulted in increased ambulance use and higher hospitalization rates. Fewer infants and young children but more school-aged children visited the ED with febrile illnesses in 2020 than in 2018/2019. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a substantial decrease in pediatric ED utilization. These findings can help reallocate human and material resources in the EDs during infectious disease outbreaks.
Ahn, In-Suk,Park, Young-Goo,Shin, Dong-Ill,Woo, Sahng-Young,Park, Hee-Sung,Park, Jang-Won,Sul, Ill-Whan The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2001 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.3 No.3
An Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 (harboring antisense OMT gene)-mediated transformation method has been developed for poplar (P.nigra x maximowiczii) using prolonging co-cultivation time. Explants on LT (longterm) were induced transgenic calli one month earlier than those from ST (short-term) co-cultivation and remained healthier on LT than ST. With this approach, LT method reduced time to produce transgenic calli. Shoots were successfully regenerated from transgenic calli on SIM (Shoot Induction Medium) and rooted well on the basal medium spontaneously. The presence of antisense OMT gene was verified both by PCR and Southern analysis. Each transgenic poplar was phenotypically indishtinguishable when compared with controls for their growth pattern, leaf morphologies and xylem coloration.
Ahn, Chang Won,Borse, Pramod H.,Kim, Ju Hun,Kim, Jae Young,Jang, Jum Suk,Cho, Chae-Ryong,Yoon, Jang-Hee,Lee, Byoung-seob,Bae, Jong-Seong,Kim, Hyun Gyu,Lee, Jae Sung Elsevier 2018 Applied Catalysis B Vol.224 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Highly uniform, self-supported PbTiO<SUB>3</SUB> nanotube arrays are fabricated on a transparent conducting glass by an all solution-based, hard-templating procedure. A new concept of site-isolation has been realized by Pt-sol infiltration only in the internal core of deposited nanotube arrays and thus physically separating electron and hole reaction sites on inside and external surface of the nanotubes, respectively. The effective charge separation by the site-isolated Pt-nanodot deposited PbTiO<SUB>3</SUB> nanotube photoanode leads to greatly enhanced photocurrent generation and H<SUB>2</SUB> evolution efficiencies relative to those of the particulate-type photoanode or PbTiO<SUB>3</SUB> nanotube without Pt infiltration in photoelectrochemical water splitting under visible light. The physical site isolation through nano-engineering of the material fabrication is expected to offer an effective strategy for preparation of high-efficiency photoelectrochemical devices.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Site-isolated Pt-dot@PbTiO<SUB>3</SUB> nanotube array is fabricated on FTO glass by an AAO templating method. </LI> <LI> It separates e<SUP>−</SUP> and h<SUP>+</SUP> reaction sites on inside and external surface of the nanotubes, respectively. </LI> <LI> The effective charge separation leads to greatly enhanced PEC water splitting activity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Jang Kyun Chung,Jin Jang,Jeong Hyun Ahn,Sung Hwan Won 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.45 No.3
We fabricated a conventional BCE (back channel etched) hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin- lm transistor with double layers of gate insulator, BCB (benzocyclobutene) and SiNx, on PES (polyethersulfone) substrate at the maximum deposition temperature of 150C. We used BCB as the 1st gate insulator to reduce the internal stress induced by the dierence of the CTE (coecient of thermal expansion). The thickness of BCB (1st gate insulator) was xed, and then SiNx was varied from 400 nm to 50 nm. The threshold voltage of the TFT decreases from 2 V to 0.3 V with decreasing thickness. The mechanical strain and threshold-voltage shift are also greatly reduced by decreasing the SiNx thickness.