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복강경하 담낭 절제술에서 Celecoxib의 수술 전 투여가 수술 후 통증에 미치는 영향
김달용 ( Dal Yong Kim ),안용미 ( Yong Mi An ),문종필 ( Jong Pil Moon ),최정기 ( Jung Gi Choi ) 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.57 No.3
Background: For laparoscopic cholecystectomy, pain is most frequent complaint and the most common cause of delayed discharge. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of preoperative administration of celecoxib on the level of postoperative pain in patient undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: We enrolled 60 patients ASA class I and II, scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The patients were randomized to receive celecoxib 200 mg, celecoxib 400 mg or placebo two hour before the induction of anesthesia. The patients received the same anesthetics. The intensities of abdominal pain were assessed using VAS (visual analog scale) at 1, 2, 4, 12, 24 hours after surgery. Results: In celecoxib 200 mg group, VAS score of somatic pain compared to control group decreased at 1, 2, and 4 hours after surgery. In celecoxib 400 mg group, VAS score of somatic pain compared to control group decreased at 1, 2, and 4 hours after surgery. There was no difference between celecoxib 200 mg and celecoxib 400 mg in pain scores of somatic pain. Dosage of meperidine in two celecoxib groups after surgery were each 31 mg and 26 mg and that of control group was 72 mg. There was no difference between celecoxib groups and placebo group in pain scores of visceral pain. Conclusions: The preoperative administration of celecoxib reduces the level of postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy without adverse effects. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009;57:327∼30)
최정기 전남대학교 사회과학연구소 1996 현대사회과학연구 Vol.7 No.1
This paper has studied the concept of Althusserian's ideology in order to overcome the dichotomous dilemma between the social being and social consciousness. The meaning of a controvertion on ideology of Althusserian is as follows: First, Society is a specific articulation of non-contemporaneous, uneven elements, actual life is a overdetermination of these elements. Second, the relation that one have tied world is not a system of real relation, but a one's imaginary relation about real relations. Also ideology exist not a notion but a reality. third, they insist the possibility that ideology is to divided in connection with class struggles. But their limitation is as follows: Above all they don't explain logically the fact that ideology could have showed class consciousness in the complex social formation. Also they don't explain the mechanism that counter ideology has shaped against the oppress of ruling ideology.