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Lee, Seok,Kim, In Hee,Kim, Seong Hun,Kim, Sang Wook,Lee, Seung Ok,Lee, Soo Teik,Kim, Dae Ghon,Lee, Chang Seop,Choi, Chang Soo,Cho, Eun Young,Kim, Haak Cheoul S. Karger AG 2010 Intervirology Vol.53 No.3
<P><I>Objectives:</I> The authors compared the efficacies and tolerabilities of pegylated interferon-α<SUB>2a</SUB> (PEG-IFN-α<SUB>2a</SUB>) + ribavirin and pegylated interferon-α<SUB>2b</SUB> (PEG-IFN-α<SUB>2b</SUB>) + ribavirin for the initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C. <I>Methods:</I> A total of 126 treatment-naive patients (29.4% genotype 1, 70.6% genotype non-1) were treated with PEG-IFN-α<SUB>2a</SUB> 180 μg/week (group A, n = 79) or PEG-IFN-α<SUB>2b</SUB> 1.5 μg/kg/week (group B, n = 47) with ribavirin (800 mg/day for genotype non-1 or 1,000-1,200 mg/day for genotype 1) for 24 (genotype non-1) or 48 weeks (genotype 1). <I>Results:</I> End-of-treatment virologic response, sustained virologic response, and biochemical response were not significantly different in groups A and B (84.8 vs. 89.4%, 70.9 vs. 72.3%, and 70.9 vs. 74.5%, respectively; p > 0.05). In patients with the HCV genotype 1 or non-1, treatment responses were not significantly different. Multivariate analysis showed that HCV genotype only was an independent factor that affected sustained virologic response (p = 0.048). The proportions of treatment discontinuations in groups A and B were similar (10.1 vs. 10.6%; p = 1.000). <I>Conclusions:</I> PEG-IFN-α<SUB>2a</SUB> or PEG-IFN-α<SUB>2b</SUB> + ribavirin combination therapies showed similar efficacies and tolerabilities as initial treatments for chronic hepatitis C.</P><P>Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>
Chronic intermittent hypoxia exacerbates lung fibrosis in bleomycin-induced lung injury mouse model
( Sang Haak Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.0
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly common among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. OSA causes chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) during sleep. We aimed to investigate the effect of CIH on bleomycin (BLE)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice and to explore putative mechanisms. Methods: C57/BL6 mice were divided into four groups and then exposed to normoxia (NOR) condition or CIH for 2 weeks prior to the intratracheal injection of BLE. After BLE instillation, mice were exposed to CIH or NOR for 4 weeks. Fibrosis was evaluated by masson trichrome stain, Sirius red and hydroxyproline assay. The mRNA expressions or protein levels of fibrosis-related genes were measured by real-time PCR and western blot in lung tissue, respectively. Results: Lung histology and special staining results showed that CIH led to scattered fibrotic changes in alveolar structure and substantive fibrotic tissue dominantly situated in the perivascular space. In BLE treated group, CIH compared to NOR increased hydroxyproline (p<0.001) in lung tissue and TGF-β (p<0.01) in serum. CIH increased the mRNA and protein levels of TGF-β, and collagen type 1 in BLE group, though the difference was not statistically significant. The protein levels of TGF-β and collagen type 1 were elevated in CIH with BLE treated group. The protein level of epithelial to mesenchymal transition regulator, snail, and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 were notably increased in CIH with BLE treated group. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that CIH might exacerbate the progression of BLE induced pulmonary fibrosis via TGF-β/ERK/snail signaling and provide proof of concept of targeting this pathway in fibrotic lung disease.
( Sang Haak Lee ),( Chin Kook Rhee ),( Kwangha Yoo ),( Jeong Woong Park ),( Suk Joong Yong ),( Jusang Kim ),( Taehoon Lee ),( Seong Yong Lim ),( Ji-hyun Lee ),( Hye Yun Park ),( Minyoung Moon ),( Ki-s 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.84 No.2
Background: Many chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients receiving monotherapy continue to experience symptoms, exacerbations and poor quality of life. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of direct switch from once-daily tiotropium (TIO) 18 μg to indacaterol/glycopyrronium (IND/GLY) 110/50 μg once daily in COPD patients in Korea. Methods: This was a randomized, open-label, parallel group, 12-week trial in mild-to-moderate COPD patients who received TIO 18 μg once daily for ≥12 weeks prior to study initiation. Patients aged ≥40 years, with predicted post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV<sub>1</sub>) ≥50%, post-bronchodilator FEV<sub>1</sub>/forced vital capacity <0.7 and smoking history of ≥10 pack-years were included. Eligible patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either IND/GLY or TIO. The primary objective was to demonstrate superiority of IND/GLY over TIO in pre-dose trough FEV1 at week 12. Secondary endpoints included transition dyspnea index (TDI) focal score, COPD assessment test (CAT) total score, and rescue medication use following the 12-week treatment, and safety assessment. Results: Of the 442 patients screened, 379 were randomized and 347 completed the study. IND/GLY demonstrated superiority in pre-dose trough FEV1 versus TIO at week 12 (least squares mean treatment difference [Δ], 50 mL; p=0.013). Also, numerical improvements were observed with IND/GLY in the TDI focal score (Δ, 0.31), CAT total score (Δ, -0.81), and rescue medication use (Δ, -0.09 puffs/day). Both treatments were well tolerated by patients. Conclusion: A direct switch from TIO to IND/GLY provided improvements in lung function and other patient-reported outcomes with an acceptable safety profile in patients with mild-to-moderate airflow limitation.
Lee, Hea-Yon,Kim, Jin-Jin,Ko, Eun-Sil,Kim, Sei-Won,Lee, Sang-Haak,Kang, Hyeon-Hui,Park, Chan-Kwon,Min, Ki-Ouk,Lee, Bae-Young,Moon, Hwa-Sik,Kang, Ji-Young The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2010 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.69 No.4
We report the case of a 68-year-old man with a stromal tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP), which had metastasized to the lung. The patient complained of an enlarged mass in the anterior chest. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed a sternal abscess with multiple nodules in both lungs. A thoracoscopic lung biopsy of the nodules and incision/drainage of the sternal mass were performed simultaneously. CT of the pelvis revealed an enlarged prostate with irregular cystic lesions in the pelvis. Prostate biopsy was done and demonstrated hypercellular stroma with minimal cytological atypia, a distinct pattern of STUMP. The sternal abscess proved to be tuberculosis and the lung lesion was consistent with STUMP, which had spread from the prostate. However, to our knowledge, the tuberculous abscess might not be assoicated with STUMP in the lung. The patient refused surgical prostatectomy and was discharged with anti-tuberculosis medication. On one-year follow up, the patient had no evidence of disease progression.
Malignant Mesothelioma Presenting as Large Neck Mass
Lee, Bae Young,Kim, Hyeon Sook,Song, Kyung Sup,Cho, Song Mee,Lee, Kang Hoon,Choi, Jung Eun,Lee, Sang Haak,Moon, Hwa Sik,Kang, Ji Young,Kang, Hyun Hee,Min, Ki Ouk The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2009 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.67 No.4
Malignant mesothelioma is the most common primary malignant tumor involving pleura, but its diagnosis is difficult to determine by pathology in addition to the fact that it is rare. We present an unusual case of malignant mesothelioma, which initially presented as large neck mass contrary to the more common presentation of a rind like growth along the pleura demonstrated on imaging and by pathologic findings.
A Case of Tracheobronchial Aspergillosis Resolved Spontaneously in an Immunocompetent Host
Lee, Hwa Young,Kang, Hyeon Hui,Kang, Ji Young,Kim, Sung Kyoung,Lee, Su Hyun,Chung, Yoon Yung,Kang, Hye Seon,Kwon, Hee Sun,Moon, Hwa Sik,Lee, Sang Haak The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2012 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.73 No.5
A 47-year old man visited our hospital because of purulent sputum for 3 months. Chest X-ray showed destruction of both the upper lungs, and bronchoscopy revealed inflammatory change with whitish plaque on the left main bronchus through upper division of the left upper lobe. Tracheobronchial aspergillosis (TBA) was finally diagnosed as a result of histologic and microbiologic examination. However, he went abroad without medication before the diagnosis was made and visited again 10 months later. Follow-up bronchoscopy showed complete regression of the previously noted endobronchial lesion. We describe this case to consider the role of antifungal treatment in immunocompetent hosts, as well as to discuss a rare condition; TBA resolved spontaneously.
Lewis 폐암 마우스 모델에서 Interleukin-12가 E-selectin 발현에 미치는 영향
이상학 ( Sang Haak Lee ),신윤 ( Yoon Shin ),윤형규 ( Hyoung Kyu Yoon ),이숙영 ( Sook Young Lee ),김석찬 ( Seok Chan Kim ),권순석 ( Soon Seog Kwon ),김영균 ( Young Kyoon Kim ),김관형 ( Kwan Hyoung Kim ),문화식 ( Hwa Sik Moon ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 1999 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.47 No.2
( Keu Sung Lee ),( Seung Soo Sheen ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Sang Haak Lee ),( Yu Il Kim ),( Jae Yeol Kim ),( Eun Mi Chun ),( Kwang Ha Yoo ),( Chul Min Ahn ),( Tae Hoon Jung ),( Joo Hun Park ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: The objective of this study was to investigate smoking effect on gender and the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Method: Data for this study were obtained from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2007 to 2012 containing demographics, smoking histories and spirometry data. We recruited 6,159 ever-smokers (male 5,543 and female 616) aged over 40 who adequately performed spirometry according to American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines. Subjects with FEV1/FVC<0.7 were defi ned as COPD. To evaluate the loss of lung function per pack-year smoked, we used susceptibility index (SI), calculated using the formula: (% predicted FEV1 - 100)/pack-years. Results: Mean age was lower in male than female (56.7 vs. 58.0, p<0.001) and total amount of smoking expressed as a pack-year was greater in male than female (25.7 vs. 11.0, p<0.001). Total 1,453 (23.6%) subjects were diagnosed with COPD. Even though the prevalence of COPD was higher in male (24.5%) than female (5.4%)(p<0.001), female showed more loss of lung function per pack-year smoked than male (SI in female = -1.43% vs. SI in male= -0.79, p<0.001). To evaluate smoking effect precisely, 3,440 subjects (male 3,337 and female 103) who smoked more than 20 pack-years through life were selected. Mean age was also lower in male than women (57.7 vs. 63.7, p<0.001) and total amount of smoking (pack-year) was greater in male than female (36.3 vs. 31.8, p=0.0029). However the prevalence of COPD was not different between in male (29.0%) and in females (24.3%) (p=0.567). Female stillshowed more loss of lung function per pack-year smoked than male (SI in female = -0.56% vs. SI in male = -0.39, p=0.0003). Conclusion: Korean female ever-smokers have a susceptibility to smoking effect on lung function decline.
Free Paper Presentation : OS-54 ; Hazards of Smoking in Korean Population
( Keu Sung Lee ),( Seung Soo Sheen ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Sang Haak Lee ),( Yu Il Kim ),( Jae Yeol Kim ),( Eun Mi Chun ),( Kwang Ha Yoo ),( Chul Min Ahn ),( Tae Hoon Jung ),( Joo Hun Park ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2014 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.118 No.-
Background: Smoking is a major cause of many noncommunicable diseases and leads to the reduction of life span. However, there are few population based studies on how smoking is associated with our general health in Korea. Therefore, we performed this study to investigate hazards of smoking on our health and major diseases associated with smoking in Korean population. Methods: Data of 12,762 subjects aged 40 years or older were obtained from Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) V from 2010 to 2012. Demographic data, laboratory findings, and major diseases were analyzed based on smoking status. Results: Blood pressure, leukocyte count, and serum glucose level were higher in smokers, however, serum cholesterol level and body mass index were higher in non-smokers (p<0.05). Smoking was associated with higher prevalence of COPD (23.6% vs 7.0%), diabetes mellitus (14.3% vs 10.5%), cerebral stroke (3.3% vs 2.2%), and coronary artery disease (4.7% vs. 3.5%), whereas depression (2.9% vs 6.1%) was more prevalent in non-smokers (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis after adjustment for age and sex showed that smoking was independently associated with COPD (OR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.93 -2.92) and diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.11 - 1.58), and no smoking (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.16 - 1.99) was with depression (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our analyses suggest smoking has harmful effects on health in various aspects. Especially, smoking was an independent risk factor for COPD and diabetes mellitus.