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청년과 노인 연령군에 따른 척주세움근에 대한 마이오톤의 측정자 간, 측정자 내 신뢰도
한효경 ( Hyo-gyeong Han ),최예주 ( Ye-ju Choe ),정성호 ( Seong-ho Jeong ),이나경 ( Na-kyung Lee ) 대한통합의학회 2021 대한통합의학회지 Vol.9 No.1
Purpose : The purpose of this study is to examine inter-and intra-rater reliabilities of myotonometric measurements of tone, elasticity and stiffness for the erector spinae muscles of the young and the elderly populations. Methods : A total of 102 (69 young adults from K university and 33 older adults from the D community center in Daejeon) were enrolled in this study. The two different raters measured each side of the erector spinae muscles at prone position. After each rater performed first measurement for a subject, 30 minutes of rest was given. The same rater then repeated the second myometric measurement on the subject. The collected data on the tone, elasticity, and stiffness of the erector spinae were analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to determine inter- and intra- rater reliabilities. Results : The inter-and intra-rater reliabilities of the myotonometric measurement of the erector spinae for the total subjects were excellent (ICC > 0.9, p < 0.001). Within each of the elderly group and the young group, inter- and intra-rater reliabilities were also excellent (ICC > 0.8~0.9 / p < 0.001, ICC > 0.75~0.9 / p < 0.001, each). Conclusion : The measurement of muscle tone, elasticity, and stiffness for the erector spinae muscles using the myotonometer had excellent reliability. It was confirmed that a highly reliable myometric measurement on the erector spinae can be obtained regardless of whether it is from young or elderly people. This suggests that the myotonometer can be a useful tool to measure muscular properties of the erector spinae of the young and old as an evaluative instrument.
신규 살조물질인 Thiazolidinedione 유도체 (TD49)의 해양생태계에 대한 급성독성평가
임은채(Eun-Chae Yim),신준재(Jun-Jae Shin),박인택(In-Taek Park),한효경(Hyo-Kyung Han),김시욱(Si-Wouk Kim),조훈(Hoon Cho),김성준(Seong-Jun Kim) 한국생물공학회 2010 KSBB Journal Vol.25 No.6
A thiazolidinedione derivative, TD49 with the highly selective algicide to red tide was newly synthesized and its acute toxicity was examined in order to evaluate the effect on aquatic ecosystems of coast. Major three species having important role in the food chain of marine ecosystem, such as Skeletonema costatum of microalgae, Daphnia magna of crustacea, Paralichthys olivaceus of flatfish fingerling were employed for the acute toxicity assessment. EC50 or LC50 as the assessment criterion was investigated to each specie, and NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration) and PNEC (Predicted No Effect Concentration) from most sensitive specie to toxicity of TD49 were further calculated. EC50 of S. costatum in 96-hour, EC50 of D. magna in 48-hour, and LC50 of P. olivaceus in 72-hour for TD49 were 0.34 μM, 0.68 μM, and 0.58 μM, respectively. NOEC from the results of S. costatum was estimated to be 0.20 μM and PNEC was estimated as 3.40 nM by applying factor value of 100 to EC50 0.34 μM of S. costatum. In addition, it was revealed that Solutol used as the dispersing agent of TD49 had very little toxic influence under the concentration range of 0~0.4 μM used in TD49 toxicity experiment. Although the estimated concentration of TD49 that will be sprayed onto the coastal field for the algicide is higher than NOEC value, it is considered that the spraying concentration would not be a considerable problem due to a dilution effect by tide at the opened coast.
광학이성질체 의약품 개발에서 안전성과 유효성 평가에 대한 규제 요건
김광준(Kwang Joon Kim),최인(In Choi),서규화(Kyuhwa Seo),한효경(Hyo-Kyung Han),이원재(Wonjae Lee) 대한약학회 2011 약학회지 Vol.55 No.5
This study was performed to investigate the current regulatory guidances of safety and efficacy evaluation for the development and approval of stereoisomeric drugs in US, EU, Canada and Japan. The important categories for the development of stereoisomeric drugs are classified as 1) development of a single enantiomer as a new active substance 2) development of a racemate as a new active substance 3) development of a new single enantiomer from an approved racemate. The regulatory documents adopted in major countries for the safety and efficacy evaluation of stereoisomeric drugs were investigated with the focus on three major categories mentioned above. For the regulatory approval of stereoisomeric drugs in Korea, it is expected that the investigated results obtained in this study will be useful for the basic materials to ensure the safety and efficacy of stereoisomeric drugs as well as the stereochemical issues in chiral drug development in domestic pharmaceutical company.
Acyclonucleoside 류의 합성(2) -2'',3''-disubstituted secouridine의 합성-
양재욱(Jae Wook Yang),홍경애(Kyong Aie Hong),한효경(Hyo Kyung Han),천문우(Moon Woo Chun),정원근(Won keun Chung) 대한약학회 1989 약학회지 Vol.33 No.5
The synthetic study of 2'',3''-diazido and difluoro secouridines toward development of new antiviral agents is described. These acyclic nucleosides were synthesized from uridine by the method of ring opening reaction of sugar moiety.
신규 살조물질인 Thiazolidinedione 유도체 (TD53)의 해양생태계에 대한 급성독성평가
임은채(Eun-Chae Yim),신준재(Jun-Jae Shin),박인택(In-Taek Park),한효경(Hyo-Kyung Han),김시욱(Si-Wouk Kim),조훈(Hoon Cho),김성준(Seong-Jun Kim) 한국생물공학회 2011 KSBB Journal Vol.26 No.1
In order to perform an acute toxicity assessment of a new algicide, thiazolidinedione derivative (TD53) with enhanced solubility and lower toxicity to marine ecosystem, representative 3 organisms: plant plankton (Skeletonema costatum), animal plankton (Daphnia magna), fish (Paralichthys olivaceus) related in the food chain of marine ecosystem according to OECD standard methods were employed in the exposure experiment. The exposure assessment showed that EC50 of S. costatum in 96-hour, EC50 of D. magna in 48-hour and LC50 of P. olivaceus in 72-hour for TD53 were 1.53 μM, 0.61 μM and 2.14 μM respectively. NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration) and PNEC (Predicted No Effect Concentration) were calculated to be 0.25 μM and 6.10 nM, respectively from EC50 of most sensitive strain, D. magna. Comparing with the results of toxicity assessment previously performed by using Ulva pertusa Kjellman accepted as an ISO standard method, the values of PNEC showed 3.7 times lower toxicity in case of this study employing 3 organisms, indicating that if the organisms which are more representative and sensitive in marine ecosystem are further investigated, more accurately and validly predicted toxicity of TD53 could be applied in field.
한효경,이일권,최준식 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.4
The pharmacokinetics of nifedipine was studied after oral coadministration of nifedipine (5 ㎎/㎏) with quercetin (1.5, 7.5, 15 and 30 ㎎/㎏, respectively) and 0.5 h or 3days pretreatment with quercetin (1.5 and 7.5㎎/㎏) in rabbits. Pretreatment of quercetin significantly (p<0.05, at 0.5 h; p<0.01, at 3 days) increased the plasma concentration of nifedipine, but not significant in coadministraiton. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and the peak concentration (Cr.) of nifedipine pretreated with quercetin were increased significantly (p<0.05, at 0.5 h; p<0.01, at 3 days) compared to the control. By coadministration of quercetin, only 7.5 ㎎/㎏ of quercetin increased plasma AUC and Cmax of nifedipine significantly (p<0.05) compared to the control. Plasma AUC of intravenous nifedipine (1 ㎎/㎏) is 4235 ± 1192 ng/ml · hr. Pretreatment of quercetin significantly (p<0.05, at 0.5 h; p<0.01, at 3 days) increased the absolute bioavailability (AB%) of nifedipine to 23.9 - 29.2% compared to the control (17.8%). Coadministration of quercetin showed no significant effect on the AB% of nifedipine except for 7.5 ㎎/㎏. It is suggested that quercetin alters disposition of nifedipine by inhibition of P-glycoprotein efflux pump and its first-pass metabolism. The dosage of nifedipine should be adjusted when it is administered chronically with quercetin in a clinical situation.