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가온 하우스 재배 블루베리 ‘신틸라’에 있어서 2차 결과지의 과실 특성
천미건,최상우,윤혜숙,김영광,박경미,최성태,김진국 (사) 한국생물환경조절학회 2023 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.32 No.4
본 연구는 경상남도 진주, 김해, 의령에 위치한 가온시설하우스에서 양액재배로 관리되는 ‘신틸라’ 남부하이부시 블루베리의 2차 결과지의 과실 특성을 분석하였다. 일반적으로‘신틸라’는 전년도에 자란 가지의 선단에서 착과가 이루어지지만, 가온재배 환경에서는 당해년도에 자라난 가지의 선단에서도 꽃이 피고 열매를 맺는 현상이 발견되었다. 연구 결과, 2차 결과지에서의 개화와 수확은 정상 결과지에 비해 각각 52 일, 36일 지연되었으나, 6월 중순 기준으로 2차 결과지의 신초경과 신초장은 정상 결과지보다 각각 54%, 10% 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 두 결과지 유형 간에 과실 크기와 가용성 고형물 함량에서는 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 2차 결과지의 과실은 칼륨 농도가 더 높고, 칼슘과 마그네슘 농도는더 낮게 조사되었다. 이러한 결과로 수세가 양호한 나무에서는 2차 결과지의 과실 상품화가 가능할 것으로 판단되었다 This study examines the characteristics of berries from secondary bearing shoots of ‘Scintilla’ southern highbush blueberry, grown hydroponically in the Jinju, Gimhae, and Uiryeong regions of Gyeongnam Province. Typically, ‘Scintilla’ forms flower buds at the tips of regular bearing shoots during the previous season, yielding berries in the current season. However, under heated cultivation, we observed a proliferation of secondary bearing shoots that produce berries in the same growing season. Flowering and harvesting on secondary bearing shoots were delayed by 52 and 36 days, respectively, compared to regular bearing shoots. However, these shoots exhibited a 54% increase in diameter and a 10% increase in length. We found no significant difference in berry size and soluble solid content between the two types of shoots. Notably, berries from the secondary bearing shoots had higher potassium and lower calcium and magnesium concentrations. We conclude that berries from secondary bearing shoots could be marketable, provided the bushes are healthy. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing cultural practices to improve the yield and quality of blueberries under specific environmental conditions.
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천미건,이서현,박경미,최성태,황연현,장영호 한국토양비료학회 2022 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.55 No.3
This study was conducted to improve a nutrient solution composition to grow southern highbush blueberry cultivar ‘Scintilla’ in a pot in the heated greenhouse cultivation. From September in 2020 to late May (40 days after harvest) in 2022, young blueberry plants were supplied with different compositions of nutrient solution, a 25% increase (NK increase) and a 25% decrease (NK decrease) in N and K concentrations, compared with a nutrient solution for the unheated greenhouse cultivation (control). Fruit size was not consistently affected by the nutrient compositions in the two seasons. Fruit yield in both 2021 and 2022 increased by 14 - 22% for the NK increase, but decreased by 13 - 59% for the NK decrease, compared with the control. Total shoot length per plant was 28 - 56% longer for the NK increase than the control, while it was 33 - 47% shorter for the NK decrease. Total dry weight per plant increased by 25% for the NK increase, especially 2.4-fold greater in root, which contrasted with a 17% reduction for the NK decrease. 7.2% and 51.2% of the total dry weight of a plant were partitioned to root and fruit for the control, respectively. The root partitioning of the dry weight increased to 14.1% for the NK increase, while the fruit partitioning increased to 54.1% for the NK decrease. The NK increase resulted in 49% and 30% increases in the total N and K contents per plant, respectively, comparedwith those of the control, while the NK decrease caused 41% and 21% reduction in the respective total content. When N and K increased in the nutrient solution, the root partitioning increased with lower leaf and fruit partitioning of inorganic elements, compared with the control. However, the root partitioning decreased with higher fruit partitioning for the NK decrease. The result indicated that the NK 25% increase of nutrient solution helps promote root growth with higher nutrient absorption, increasing the whole plant growth and the yield.
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천미건,박경미,한인영,최성태,황연현,윤혜숙,김영광 한국토양비료학회 2022 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.55 No.4
Although Korean raspberry (Rubus crataegifolius) cultivation has increased with the recent trend of conveni ence foods, the growers suffer from renovating the orchards due to the outbreak of Agrobacterium tumefacienswhich severely occurs in the raspberries every 3 to 4 years. This study was conducted to determine the inhibi tory effect of container cultivation on the occurring of A. tumefaciens in the Korean raspberry and to suggest ECrange and volume of the nutrient solution suitable to the raspberry. Two-year-old raspberries were suppliedwith a nutrient solution (NO3-N 4.6, NH4-N 3.4, PO4-P 3.3, K 3, Ca 4.6, Mg 2.2 me L-1) from bud burst toharvest in 50-L containers (non-woven fabric) containing peatmoss (44 L) and perlite (6 L) within non-heatingplastic houses in Gimhae and Jinju, Gyeongnam-province. When Agrobacterium sp. was inoculated to theplants in Gimhae, the container cultivation exhibited significantly lower tumor occurrence of 3.3%, in contrastto 54.5% of the conventional soil cultivation. On the other hands, the plants in Jinju were examined with 4levels of EC (0.8, 1.0, 1.2, and 1.5 dS m-1) combined with 4 volumes of nutrient solution (4, 6, 8, and 12 Lplant-1 per week). Shoot growth tended to increase with raising EC, but numbers of shoots and suckers ratherdecreased at EC 1.5. The EC 1.0 with volume of 12 L resulted in the greatest bush growth including number ofshoots and the pruned weight. The highest berry weight and yield were found in EC range of 1.0 to 1.2 at therate of 12 L. The results indicated that container cultivation supplied with the nutrient solution could decreaseoccurrence of A. tumefaciens and the appropriate supply of the nutrient solution increases growth of the Koreanraspberry.
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블루베리 양액재배시 공급량 및 공급횟수가 수체생육 및 과실품질에 미치는 영향
천미건,이영숙,정용모,김희대,홍광표,헤라쓰 무디얀셀라지,김진국 (사) 한국생물환경조절학회 2019 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.28 No.4
In this study, the effect of supplying volume and frequency of a nutrient solution consisted with NO3-N 4.6, NH4-N 3.4, PO4-P 3, K 3, Ca 4.6 and Mg 2.2mmol·L-1 on growth and fruit quality of ‘Duke’ blueberry was investigated. Three years old ‘Duke’ blueberry bushes cultivated in containers (60 × 80 × 40cm) filled with 130L peat moss and 40L pearlite (v/v) were selected for the experiment. The growth containers were mulched with sawdust. Two different volumes (4L and 8L) of nutrient solution was tested at three different supplying frequencies (one time, two times, and three times) per week and the drainage quality of nutrient solution and fruit quality of ‘Duke’ blueberry was evaluated. The optimal drainage rate for the vegetable cultivation is known to be 20-30%. The results revealed that the average drainage rates of 27% and 29% for the nutrient solution supplied in ‘Duke’ blueberry growth medium at 4L, 2 times/7 days and 4L, 3 times/7days, respectively. The highest shoot diameter (4.2mm) and shoot length (31cm) of ‘Duke’ blueberry was recorded with the 8L of nutrient solution supplied at 3 times per 7 days. According to the analysis of inorganic components in the drainage of nutrient solution, there was a tendency of absorbing nitrogen at the early stage of growth. The supplying volume and frequency of nutrient solution was not significantly affected on ‘Duke’ blueberry fruit weight, soluble solids content, and titratable acidity. The highest yield per bush (2.7kg) was recorded for the nutrient solution supplied with 4L at three times per 7 days, while the 4L nutrient solution supplied at one time per 7 days resulted the lowest yield of 1.4kg per bush. Consequently, the tested nutrient solution can be applied for the ‘Duke’ blueberry bushes with the volume of 4L at three times per week for the better crop growth. 블루베리는 호산성 식물로 피트모스를 활용한 상토에 서 잘 자라며 관목인 점을 고려하여 용기재배를 많이 하고 있고 또한 고령화에 대비해 생력적으로 생산할 수 있는 재배기술 개발이 요구되고 있다. 본 시험에서는 블루 베리 양액재배시 공급량 및 공급횟수가 수체생육과 과실 품질에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 수행하였다. 시험방법은 3년생 ‘듀크’ 품종을 대상으로 피트모스와 펄라이트의 용 량을 각각 130L, 40L(v/v)로 하여 용기(60×80×40cm)에 식재하고 톱밥으로 멀칭한 후 2015년과 2016년에 양액 공급량을 4L와 8L로 나누어 4월 중순부터 7월 하순까 지 1회, 2회, 3회 공급하여 수체생육 및 과실품질을 조 사하였다. 양액은 NO3-N 4.6, NH4-N 3.4, PO4-P 3.3, K 3, Ca 4.6, Mg 2.2mmol·L-1를 주당 공급하였다. 채소에 서 양액재배시 적정 배액율은 20∼30%로 알려져 있는 데 본 시험에서 평균 배액량은 4L 2회/7일 처리가 27%, 4L 3회/7일 처리가 29%로 다른 처리에 비해 적당하였 다. 블루베리의 생육을 보면, 생육후반 8L/3회/7일 처리 에서 신초장은 31cm, 신초경은 4.2mm로 가장 컸지만 질소를 많이 줄수록 도장하는 경향이었다. 배액의 무기 성분 함량은 생육초반에 질소를 많이 흡수하는 경향이었 고, 처리별 과실특성은 과립중, 가용성 고형물 함량 및 산함량 등은 처리간 유의차가 없었으며, 수량은 4L 3회/7일 처리가 주당 2.7kg으로 가장 많았고, 4L 1회/7일 처 리가 1.4kg로 가장 작았다. 따라서 배액량, 수량, 수체 및 과실생육 등을 감안해볼 때 블루베리 양액재배시 조 금씩 자주 공급한 처리 즉 4L 3회/7일 처리로 공급하는 것이 적당한 것으로 판단되었다.
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블루베리 ‘듀크’ 품종의 양액재배 시 수체 생장과 수량 반응
천미건(Mi Geon Cheon),이서현(Seo Hyoun Lee),박경미(Kyung Mi Park),최성태(Seong-Tae Choi),황영현(Yeon Hyeon Hwang),장영호(Young Ho Chang),김진국(Jin Gook Kim) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2021 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.30 No.3
본 시험은 국내에 가장 많이 보급되어있는 북부하이부쉬 블루베리 ‘듀크’ 품종에 대한 시설하우스 양액재배 가능성을 평가하기 위해 실시하였다. 블루베리 용기재배에 보편적으로 활용되는 피트모스(130L)와 펄라이트(40L) 배지를 180L 플라스틱 용기에 혼합하여 1년생 묘목을 심은 후 8년간 양액을 지속적으로 공급하는 양액처리구와 지하수만 공급하는 무처리구를 비교하였다. 양액은 NO3-N 4.6, NH4-N 3.4, PO4-P 3.3, K 3, Ca 4.6, Mg 2.2mmol<SUP>-1</SUP>를 EC 1.5로 조절하여 공급하였다. 양액처리구는 처리 후 8년차까지 수체 생장이 양호하였으며, 무처리구보다 주당 신초수가 18% 많고 주당 총신초장은 24%가 길었다. 양액처리구는 무처리구에 비해 뿌리 발달이 양호하였으며 주당 총건물중은 1.4배로 컸다. 식물체의 잎, 신초, 묵은 가지의 무기원소나 유기화합물이 양액처리구에서 대체로 높게 나타나 양액을 통한 양분흡수가 원활하였음을 확인되었다. 수량은 양액처리구에서 4년생 때부터 성과기에 달하여 시험이 종료될 때까지 높게 유지되었다. 이와 같은 결과로 양액재배기술은 블루베리 재배에 유용하게 활용 가능할 것으로 평가되었다. The hydroponic culture for growing ‘Duke’ blueberry was evaluated in a protective greenhouse provided with similar environmental conditions to the conventional blueberry cultivations. One year old ‘Duke’ blueberry bushes planted in 180 L containers filled with 130 L peat moss and 40 L pearlite (v/v) were selected for the experiment. A nutrient solution consisted with NO3-N 4.6, NH4-N 3.4, PO4-P 3.3, K 3, Ca 4.6, and Mg 2.2 mmol<SUP>-1</SUP> was supplied to the plants, comparing non-hydroponic treatment (provided with only underground water). Hydroponic culture increased number of shoot per bush by 18% and total shoot length by 24% compared with non-hydroponic culture. Total dry weight of a bush increased in the hydroponic with vigorous root growth 1.4-fold more than the non-hydroponic. Higher concentrations of inorganic elements and organic compounds were found in the hydroponic, indicating active nutrient absorption of the bush. The hydroponic produced high yield similar to adult bush from 4 years old age, maintaining the yield until 8 years old age. The findings of this study indicated that hydroponic cultivation systems will be useful for growing blueberry crop.
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