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마이크로 에너지 네트워크 최적화 및 HILS 기반의 테스트
이지혜 ( Ji-hye Lee ),유형준 ( Hyeong-jun Yoo ),김남대 ( Nam-dae Kim ),전창조 ( Chang-jo Jeon ),김학만 ( Hak-man Kim ),임용훈 ( Yong Hoon Im ),이재용 ( Jae Yong Lee ) 한국정보처리학회 2013 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.20 No.1
마이크로 에너지 네트워크란 건물군 내 에너지 수요를 최소한의 비용으로 충족시키기 위하여 다양한 에너지원으로 구성되어 있는 네트워크이다. 본 논문에서는 마이크로 에너지 네트워크의 최적 운용을 위한 마이크로 에너지 네트워크 EMS (Energy Management System)의 핵심 기능을 구현하고, 이를 HILS (Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation) 시스템을 이용하여 추후 실제 마이크로 에너지 네트워크에 대한 적용 가능성을 검토하고자 한다.
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全昌祚 東亞大學校 1966 東亞論叢 Vol.3 No.-
1) Nowadays, the right of labor disputes is generally guaranteed as the fundamental right of working class, with all the variety of ways of legislation, by the governments of most democratic countries. At the same time workers are no longer responsible civilly as well as criminally for the results caused by the militant acts of workers provided that their acts are legal ones, as the militant activities of the worker against the employer is now considered as the exercise of the right of labor disputes. So the legal guarantee of the right of laborers' conflicts means the civil immunity; and the process of development and establishment of the right is nothing but the history of formation and security of the civil immunity. Therefore I think that we must first trace the history of development of the concept about the right of labor dispute in order to fully understand the civil immunity. The process of development of the right of labor conflicts is generally devided into three historical gradation as follows; 1) denial of the right, 2) liberation of the right, and 3) positive acknowledgement of the right. In chapter 2 of this thesis I have tried to race the course of changes in the concept of the right of labor conflicts through above-mentioned three gradation of development. 2) In chapter 3 of this thesis, I have studied how the civil immunity was formed and established in Germany, France and England with the improvement of the concept about the right of labor conflicts. We can find that the histories of formation of the civil immunity in those countries are long painful and bloody ones for workers, when we notice that the civil immunity is nothing but the fruit or trophy secured by hard and desperate struggle by workers for the establishment of the right of labor conflicts. Thus the civil immunity came to be guaranteed as a legal system in most modern countries through double elements or moments, that is, the right-conscious labor movement and what is called the sagacity of capitalism. Consequently the workers came to be exempted from the responsibility of compensation for damage aroused by the violating of labor contract or tore that brought forth during the laborer's militant activities, so long as the activities are regarded as legal ones. In article 8 of our Labor Dispute Mediation Law was also provided the civil immunity of laborers as to the legal militant activities against the employer. 3) Chapter 4 is chiefly devoted to the study of the essential character of the right of labor conflicts because such a study is closely related to the formation of legal theory about the civil immunity. 4) Though the civil immunity is legally guaranteed in principle, all the militant activities are not lawful and not exempted from civil' responsibility. These activities may be considered as unlawful ones unless they have legality. The legality of the militant acts is the requisite for the civil immunity. Then what is the substance of legality? What is the general standard with which to evaluate the legality of the militant activities? This problem is the theme of chapter 5 of this thesis. Still we can not find a general Opinion about it, but the concept "the sound social sense" is now generally accepted as the general standard of legal evaluation by some scholars. But some other scholars are pretty skeptical of the standard and give up forming the proper substance of it on account of the fact that the concept "the sound social sense" is too abstract and unsubstantial to be applied to the evaluation of legality of concrete militant activities. The concept the sound social sense, is newly shaped one in the realm of labor law on the basis of amendment of civil law's principles, and consequently it seems to be inevitable that the concept is somewhat abstract and unsubstantial. But I think, as stated in chapter 5 of this thesis, that we can shape the substantial contents of the concept"the sound social sense"with the secondary principles which support the concept, and these secondary principles can be found through the study of the essential character of the right of labor conflicts, and the study of judgement about the individual dispute case. Besides, in chapter 5, I have also touched on the legality about the typical type of militant act from the view points of objective and measure. But to my regret I can net but admire that {here still remain many important problems which I did not touch on in this thesis in connection with the legality of the militant activities of workers.
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全昌祚 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1981 硏究報告 Vol.5 No.1
1) The environment once contaminated or disrupted can not be easily restored by the power of self-purification of nature, and it costs too much expenses and time to recover to the original state by means of humans' technical skills. So the most suitable method of preserving environment is to prevent beforehand the environmental pollution or disruption. Recently many countries show the prominant tendency that their environmental administrations are converting to the pre-protection of pollution from the post control of environmental disruption. In Korea also the environmental administration is moving toward the environmental preservation policy based on the prio-prevention of pollution, with the improvement of the environmental legal system as the enactment of "The Environment Preservation Act" followed by the nulification of "the Pollution Protection Act." 2) The most effective and essential system in administration for the prevention of pollution is the system of the environmental impact assessment, which is adopted by the article 5 of our environment preservation act. The existing system of EIA is seemed to be influenced in its legislation by the similiar system of U.S.A (NEPA). But the adoption of this system resulted in a formal and unsubstantial one with immaturity and imperfection through the process of enactment of this system which aimed at specialization of the system so to meet the actual circumstances of our country. 3) Our EIA system is legislated so as to meet the development administration of semi-advanced country as Korea. 4) In Korea EIS is not a requisite requested in licenses or permits for proposed action but a necessary document for the consultation with the chief of Environment Agency. But the chief of EA, the opponent party of consultation is no more than a affiliated agency of the ministry of helth and society. So the procedure of consultation is apt to be only a process to satisfy the procedural condition in order to proceed the decided project of government or regional public bodies. Abovementioned incliation shows the need of elevation of the status and strengthening the rights of the Environment Agency. At the same time the request of consultation to the chief of EA should be amended as request for licenses or permits in order to get practical effect in the procedure of EIA. 5) As the objective of EIS lies in finding the most reasonable method which has less narmful effects on the environment, the introduction of alternative is indispensable in prepaying EIS. It is stipulated in article 4·2 of the enforcement ordinance of the Environment Preserving Act that the chief of EA can claim 'adjustment' or 'amendment' agains: the request of agreement of administrative agency planning the development project. But it is not likely that the claim of adjustment or amendment of the chief of EA can discharge the substitive role of alternatives. The system of alternatives must be adopted at least in the regulation of EIS which is now under drafting by EA. 6. Existing EIA system does not adopt the system of citizen participation, that shows one of backwardness of our EIA system. Nowadays the system of citizen participation, has become very important one in the democratic administration. Therefore it is against the democratic administration that informational participation is not allowed to the citizen who is now admitted as a subject of the environmental right. But the citizen participation often brings about the delay of development works and unnecessary friction between citizens and administrative agency concerned. So the seems inevitable that existing EIA system should take conservative attitude against citizen participation especially in Korea where most development projects are planned and practiced by government. It is desirable that the first stage of citizen participation such as offer of information and presentation of opinion at least should be admitted. 7. The concerned provisions about EIA system are too simple and abstract, but there is no sign of positive supplement and amendment on the side of government. 8. In addition, we have less experience of working and no accumulation of technics of EIA. It is general demand that the regulation of EIS now under drafting be early made public. 9. After all special law about EIA should be stipulated in order to attain effective EIA system. Since every systems are to be operated by human, the solution of problems caused by the adoption of EIA system also depend upon the conversion of consciousness toward the development based on the priority of environment.
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