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손상된 불가사리 추출물 흡입이 포름알데히드 노출에 의한 항염증 작용에 미치는 효과
황경희(Kyung Hee Hwang),장수찬(Su Chan Chang),박종석(Jong Seok Park),와히드 파즈리(Fazli Wahid),김유영(You Young Kim) 한국생명과학회 2013 생명과학회지 Vol.23 No.4
포름알데히드는 주로 산업용으로 사용되는 독성이 강한 물질로서 생체에 노출 시 염증, 산화적 스트레스, 알레르기 반응, 나아가서 암을 유발하게 된다. 불가사리에서 추출되는 saponin은 sulphated sterol glycosides 등으로서 인삼 saponin (ginsenoside)들과 화학적 구조가 비슷하여 항균 및 세포독성을 비롯한 미생물을 괴사시키는 기능을 가지고 있음이 보고되었다. 또한 손상된 불가사리의 조직에는 염증성 사이토카인이 발현되는데 TGF-β의 증가로 손상 받은 부위를 빠르게 치료, 재생하게 된다. 본 실험은 조직손상 후 8일 된 불가사리 추출물과 포름알데히드를 IMR-90에 처리했을 때와 포름알데히드에 노출시킨 ICR 마우스에 불가사리 추출물을 흡입시켰을 때 염증성 폐 손상의 방어 및 치료에 미치는 효과를 알아보았다. 포름알데히드에 노출된 IMR-90에 조직손상 후 8일이 경과한 불가사리 추출물을 처리한 결과, 세포의 유의한 증식을 보였으며 염증 조절에 영향을 주는 TNF-α, NF-κB의 발현억제 및 Ik-Ba의 합성을 촉진시켰다. 포름알데히드에 노출된 ICR 마우스에 조직손상 후 8일이 경과한 불가사리 추출물을 처리한 군에서 체중의 증가, 항산화 효소의 증가, 지질과산화 작용의 감소, surfactant protein A의 증가, TNF-α 및 NF-κB의 발현억제, Ik-Ba 발현의 증가와 조직재생에 우수한 효과를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 포름알데히드로 인한 세포 및 폐 손상을 불가사리 추출물의 항염증 작용을 통하여 억제하거나 완화시킴을 확인할 수 있다. Formaldehyde (FA) is widely used in industries, and it is an indoor and outdoor pollutant. Exposure to FA may cause inflammation and respiratory oxidative stress. Studies have demonstrated that FA can cause cancer in animal models. During the regeneration process of injured starfish (Asterina pectinifera), several changes have been observed in the expression of cytokines. In particular, higher TGF-β 1 expression has been detected in arm cut starfish extract after eight days. The current study was designed to elucidate the in-vitro and the in-vivo pharmacological effects of starfish extract on FA exposure. We investigated the protective effects of intact starfish extract and arm cut starfish extract on an IMR-90 cell line and on mouse lung injury in response to FA exposure. In the presence of FA, inhalation of the arm cut starfish extract was associated with more promising cell proliferation, TNF-α, NF-κB decrement, and Ik-Bα increment. In the experimental group, the pulmonary structure of the arm cut starfish extract-treated group in the presence of FA exposure was similar to the control group, whereas the FA exposure group showed damage to the pulmonary structure. Moreover, the arm cut starfish extracts was more effective than the intact starfish extracts in terms of the expression of TNF-α, NF-κB, Iκ-Bα, and surfactant protein A. The results obtained in this study demonstrate that arm cut starfish extracts are more effective in protecting pulmonary structure and function against FA exposure than intact starfish extracts.
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내관혈(pc-6)의 경피신경자극(TENS) 및 전침 치료 시 혈압 개선효과에 관한 문헌적 고찰
방세권 ( Sae Kwon Bang ),장수찬 ( Su Chan Chang ),김희영 ( Hee Yong Kim ) 대구한의대학교 제한동의학술원 2014 東西醫學 Vol.39 No.2
Objectives: In Oriental medicine, nei-guan(pc-6) acupoint has been used for treatment of cardiovascular disease and the related disorders. This paper reviews previous studies concerning the effects of acupuncture stimulation at PC-6 on blood pressure conditions. Method: Previous literatures and research articles including keywords of Nei-guan (PC-6), ‘electroacupuncture (EA)’ or ‘TENS (transcutaneous elctrocal nerve stimulation)’, and blood pressure were found in PubMed and reviewed. Result and conclusion 1. In the 10 papers reviewed in this paper, frequency conditions of 2 Hz or 40 Hz are mostly used to relieve biood pressure in animals or human. 2. Intensities of TENS or electroacupuncture were different, depending on conditions of patients or animal models.
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전소정 ( So Jeong Jun ),장수찬 ( Su Chan Chang ),곽영섭 ( Young Seob Gwak ),김희영 ( Hee Young Kim ) 대구한의대학교 제한동의학술원 2014 東西醫學 Vol.39 No.3
Objective: In short review, we briefly summarize the relationship between methamphetamine (or amphetamine) and ultrasonic vocalizations (USV s) and how USV s differ depending on the amount of cocaine and amphetamine on rats. Materials and Methods: 1. We reviewed several articles concerning the effects of methamphetamine, cocaine, and amphetamine on rats`` ultrasonic vocalizations. 2. Included the picture of a machine that measures ultrasonic vocalizations for a better understanding. Results: Animals that self-administered methamphetamine mostly released short 22 kHz and predominantly emitted flats and non-trill frequencies of 50kHz. During cocaine self-administration, high-dose (0.71mg/kg/infusion) and low dose (O.355mg/kg/infusion) groups primarily exhibited 50 kHz and 22 kHz USVs, respectively. Also, the results from amphetamine studies show that repeated injection of amphetamine significantly increases the number of 50 kHz emissions. Conclusion: The results provide evidence that rats emit short 22kHz USVs in aversive situations and 50kHz USVs in affective conditions when self-administering methamphetamine and cocaine, which demonstrates rats`` affinity towards these drugs and a useful tool in addiction studies. Although there are few experimental studies regarding utilization of rat USVs in treatment of drug addiction with the Oriental medicine, rat USVs may be used as an objective measuring tool to evaluate the effects of Oriental medicine on addictive behaviors.
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손상된 불가사리 추출물 흡입이 흡연으로 인한 항염증과 항산화 효소의 효과
황경희(Kyung Hee Hwang),정혁(Hyuk Jung),장수찬(Su Chan Chang),박종석(Jong Seok Park),김유영(You Young Kim) 한국생물공학회 2012 KSBB Journal Vol.27 No.6
Cigarette smoking (SM) is considered to be well known environmental toxin which contributes to the onset of various diseases. SM cause direct lungs damage, activate lungs inflammatory responses, and in some cases leads to the development of lung cancer. Cytokines in injured starfish (Asterina pectinifera) is the potential changes in its expression during the regeneration process. Especially, expression of TGF-β1 has increased in arm cut starfish extract after eight days. Also, starfish including saponin like the ginseng. Saponin is widely used in the world because of some effective pharmacological activities. Therefore, the current study was designed to elucidate the pharmacological activities of starfish extract against cigarette smoking induced damage in cell line and pulmonary tissue. We investigate that the effect of eight days starfish extract after arm cut (8d) and intact starfish extract on cell line and mouse lung injury by SM. In cell proliferation analysis, although cigarette smoking extract (CSE) was co-treated, the higher proliferation ability is shown in 8d treatment than intact starfish extract. 8d and intact starfish extract was directly transported to pulmonary cells through respiratory organ by nebulizer inhalation. In this case of cigarette smoking, the pulmonary structure was damaged and functions become abnormal. However, 8d treated groups showed similar with the control group compared with SM group. Among them, 8d was proved to be more effective than intact starfish extract. These results demonstrate that 8d could more protect pulmonary structure and function than intact starfish extract against cigarette smoking by ginseng like saponin and regulation of inflammatory cytokines.
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