지역문화복지인력의 노동실태

장세길(Jang, se gil) 한국지역사회학회 2014 지역사회연구 Vol.22 No.1

This paper aims to grasp the actual working conditions of regional labor force engaged in cultural welfare sector and to draw ways of improving it. The survey shows that working conditions facing regional workers in cultural welfare sector are very poor. For instance, the wage level is no higher than sixty percent level of paid workers" average wage, and their rights in line with the Labor Standard Law are not guaranteed properly. In particular, working conditions in non-governmental cultural facilities and cultural centers(so called, a culture house) are most inferior. That means there is a considerable divide among culture-based facilities in terms of working conditions. It is worthy of notice that working conditions could be just a simple matter compared to the issue of premodern human resources management. In other words, not only are inadequately maintained labor conditions in line with the Labor Standard Law, but human resources management system still stays at a premodern level of paternalism. In short, we argue that the central and local governments need to produce, based on an in-depth research, feasible solutions for better working conditions, which can be the first step toward the fundamental improvement on pre-modernity and inferiority of working conditions facing regional labor force in the cultural welfare sector.

중국식 산업구조조정의 사회문화적 영향

장세길(Se Gil Jang) 서울대학교 비교문화연구소 2009 비교문화연구 Vol.15 No.1

감성의 과학화와 감성의 서구화

장세길(Jang se gil) 인문콘텐츠학회 2015 인문콘텐츠 Vol.0 No.38

이 연구는 전통문화의 표준화 사례를 통해 감성의 과학화 과정에서 나타나는 감성의 탈맥락화와 감성의 서구화 현상에 대해 문제를 제기함과 동시에 이러한 문제를 해소하는 방안으로 민족지학적 접근방식을 제안한다. 감성의 과학화는 주관적 감성을 객관화하는 것이기 때문에 표준화가 필요하다. 전통문화를 표준화한다는 것은 한국문화에 내재돼 있는 전통성을 과학화하는 것이다. 그런데 한국문화의 전통성을 측정하는 표준이 없어 서구인의 감성에 기초한 국제표준을 준용함으로써 한국적 감성이 탈맥락화되거나, 서구인의 감성표준에 순응하는 현상이 발생하고 있다. 이러한 맥락에서 감성의 과학화는 반드시 인문학과 공학의 통섭이 필요하며, 인문학은 인간의 행위와 감성에 대한 맥락적인 이해를 위해 총체적인 접근을 통해 감성을 객관화해야 한다. 전통문화의 표준화 또한 민족지학적 접근방식이 필요하다. 총체적 접근을 통해 한국전통문화의 감성요소를 추출하고, 이를 기반으로 한국의 전통성을 측정할 수 있는 방법표준을 개발할 때 전통문화의 과학화가 가능할 것이다. This research aims to examine the issues surrounding a decontextualized and westernized affect in the process of scientific movement on affect by showing a case study of establishing standardization of traditional culture. This paper suggests that an ethnographic approach would be a key method to resolve those problems. In this paper, as the definition of doing scientification of affect is to objectify your subjective feelings, it is necessary to standardize the related contents first in order to do that. Standardizing the traditional culture refers to turn embodied traditionality into components in the scientific way. As, however, we do not have a certain standard to measure the level of traditionality in South Korea, we have no choice but to apply the international standard that was set up on the basis of the western information. In related to this, it might eventually cause a decontextualization of affect, or force individuals to accept the western standard of affect without questions. In other words, scientification of affect should includes the process of convergence between the engineering and the humanities. The humanities should objectify a range of emotion through a historic approach to understand the context of an individual’s behaviour and feeling. When it comes to bringing about the standardization of traditional culture, you want to utilize an ethnographic approach. If, the researcher argues that, you extract and analyze the emotional characters of the traditional culture by an ethnographic approach and are able to establish a suitable standard to estimate the level of traditionality, it will help you to convert the traditional culture to scientific notions.

친선교류에서 지방외교로: 전라북도 사례로 본 지방외교의 형성과 변화

장세길 ( Se Gil Jang ) 서강대학교 사회과학연구소 2008 社會科學硏究 Vol.16 No.1

연구논문 : 노동집약적 한국기업의 초국경적 활동: 경제적 합리성, 정치경제적 조건, 문화적 논리의 상호작용

장세길 ( Se Gil Jang ) 한국문화인류학회 2011 韓國文化人類學 Vol.44 No.1

이 논문은 노동집약적 한국기업의 사례를 통해, 기업의 초국경적 활동이 경제적 합리성만으로 설명될 수 없으며, 정치경제적 조건과 문화적 요인이 상호작용하는 정치과정으로 이해돼야 한다는 점을 밝히는 데 목적이 있다. 노동집약적 한국기업의 중국진출은 저렴한 생산기지로 이동해 국제경쟁력을 회복하려는 경제적 합리성, 양국의 정치경제적 현실 및 경제발전전략 그리고 ``차이나드림``이라는 중국진출에 대한``한국``기업인의 문화적 해석이 상호작용한 결과였다. 또한, 한국기업인들은 중국진출 이후의 위상변화에 대해 경제논리로 설명하면서도 한편으로 한국인이 중국인보다 우월하기 때문에 그런 성과를 낼 수 있었다고 생각했다. 중국의 상황변화에 따라 위기에 처한 한국기업의 대응 역시 단순히 경제적 합리성에만 의존하지 않았다. 그렇다고 문화가 한국기업의 실천을 결정하는 것도 아니었으며, 국제적인 정치경제 및 권력관계를 통해서 모든 현상을 설명하는 것도 무리가 있었다. 즉, ``한국``기업(인)의 정치경제적 현실, 수출 위주 중소기업의 경제적 합리성 그리고 한국 우위의 한중계서구조라는 한국인의 문화적 배경이 상호작용하는 가운데 한국기업인은 그들만의 방식으로 위기를 해석하고, 대응했다. This paper argues that transborder companies` economic activities should be understood not only by economic rationality, but also by the political process where political economic and cultural factors mutually interact. Focusing on the case of Korean labor-intensive companies in Qingdao, China, this paper observed 1) how the companies advanced into China, 2) what they experienced in the local community, and 3) how they interpreted and dealt with the economic crisis. Korean labor-intensive companies` inroads into China resulted from mutual interaction of economic rationality for cheap labor, political economic aspects of Korea and China, and "Korean" enterprisers` cultural interpretation on their moving into China. This tendency was also observed after Korean companies settled in China. In Qingdao, Korean enterprisers usually seemed to come true their "Chinese Dream" with making good profits and elevating their social status. While considering the economic rationality as well, many Korean enterprisers said that their success could be carried out because Koreans were superior to Chinese in business. It is important to notice that Korean labor-intensive companies did not respond to the economic crisis only in terms of economic rationality. It did not also mean that they exclusively relied on cultural factors to come over their difficulties. International and political economic power relations could not fully explain the Korean companies` experiences in China either. Hence, Korean enterprisers` responses to the economic crisis in China should be analyzed with understanding of mutual interaction among the political economic reality where "Korean" enterprisers were put it, the economic rationality of the small businesses focusing on export, and the cultural background shared among "Korean people."

농어업유산, 유산관광 그리고 에코뮤지엄 -농어업유산의 지역 활성화 연계를 위한 에코뮤지엄 적용 연구-

장세길 ( Se Gil Jang ) 한국농촌지도학회 2013 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.20 No.4

농어업유산의 지역 활성화 전략으로서 에코뮤지엄을 통한 유산관광의 활성화 방안을 살펴봤다. 에코뮤지엄은 ‘살아 있는 유산의 역동적 보전’이라는 농어업유산 제도의 목적을 실현할 수 있는 중요한 수단이 될 수 있다. 하지만 실제 사례를 적용해본 결과, 유산으로서 가치가 높고 유산관광을 추진하고 있었으나, 유산관광의 4요소(진정성, 교육성, 엔터테인먼트, 향수)를 대비해보면 유산관광의 체계가 갖춰져 있지 않았다. 또한, 에코뮤지엄으로서 가능성이 높았으나, 에코뮤지엄의 4요소(유산, 박물관, 참여, 콘텐츠)별로 살펴보면 체계가 미흡하고 해결 해야할 과제가 많았다. 에코뮤지엄을 통한 지역 활성화 성과를 거두기 위해서는 에코뮤지엄의 4요소를 구축하고, 유산관광의 4요소가 충족될 수 있도록 진정성 있는 콘텐츠 개발, 주민·창조계급·이해관계자의 참여, 사이트 구축, 다양한 학술적 접근, 주민소득 연계방안 마련 등이 필요하다. 또한, 국가농어업유산을 에코뮤지엄으로 조성할 경우에 박물관으로서 정부지원이 가능하도록 법적 근거를 마련해야 한다. This paper examines the activating methods of heritage tourism by focusing on ecomuseum as regional revitalization strategy of agriculture heritage. Ecomuseum can be a vital tool to actualize the purpose of agriculture and fisheries heritage system, ‘dynamic conservation’ of ‘a living heritage’. According to case study, Byeokgolje possesses high value to preserve and local government is planning to vitalize heritage tourism, but the system of heritage tourism is not properly equipped the four requisites for it (sincerity, educational value, entertainment, and nostalgia). Byeokgolje is insufficient system as an ecomuseum and has some challenging tasks to prepare the four requisites for ecomuseum(the legacy, museum, participation and contents) despite of high possibility. It is necessary that construct the four requisites for ecomuseum and fulfil the four requisites for heritage tourism to achieve the effect of regional revitalization by link to ecomuseum. That is, authentic contents developing, the participation of local residents, shakeholder, and creative class, site construction, academic approach, and providing the method of residents’ income increasing are necessary.

문화격차 해소정책 수립을 위한 지역유형분류의 다층적 접근방법 모색

장세길(Jang, se gil),이중섭(Lee jung seb) 한국지역사회학회 2013 지역사회연구 Vol.21 No.3

This study aims to do research on the multi-layered approach to regional categorizing for shaping policy to remove cultural disparity. We focus on the case of Jeollabukdo province. Cultural disparity comes from various factors, including economic, social, physical, geographical, cultural, and psychological ones. However, existing studies and/or policies have not considered these factors well when proposing how to remove cultural disparity; they only have categorized by population sizes or by self-governing units(or implementing units) in the way of meeting the convenience of administration. Alternatively, we employ a multi-layered approach, including population, economic status, industrialization, natural conditions, and organizations for social welfare, culture, and education in eup(town), myon(a subcounty), and dong(the smallest administrative unit in a city), which are all a zone of life sharing various cultural activities. The disjoint cluster analysis suggests five types of regions for policymaking to develop cultural infrastructure. Finally, we propose policy directions for developing and utilizing cultural infrastructure after analyzing characteristics of each type of regions.

문화이용권사업과 지역문화진흥

장세길(Jang se gil) 한국문화관광연구원 2015 문화정책논총 Vol.29 No.2

문화민주주의를 넘어

장세길(Jang, se gil) 한국지역사회학회 2015 지역사회연구 Vol.23 No.2

This study critically analyses "cultural democracy" which is core values of cultural policy in Korea and tries to explore a new strategy. Europe and Korea have different social contexts in that the former has cultural diversity as a start point of cultural democracy and the latter does not. In Europe, culture is considered a comprehensive concept involving the way of life. In Korea on the other hand, it is generally accepted as art that is a subarea of culture. Unlike European concept of culture, Korean one has little characteristics of class. Considering these differences, this paper argues we need to develope a different strategy for cultural democracy. For this, it makes three arguments. First, values embedded both in the democratization of culture and in cultural democracy are need to be combined. Second, it proposes to implement cultural policy in similar way of welfare policy, which is a new strategy involving the values of existing two strategies. Third, multi-level governance as a practical system is needed, and this paper explores its applicability through the examples of Jeonbuk province.

두려우면서, 매력적이면서, 야만스러운 중국

장세길(Se Gil Jang) 서울대학교 비교문화연구소 2011 비교문화연구 Vol.17 No.1

This study explores how Koreans regard Chinese, through the cases of Korean enterprisers in China. Korean enterprisers` perception of China is a bit complicated rather than simple. That is, they see it as ``attractive China`` in which making money and the economic status of upper classes could be given to them, as ``China with savage nationality`` that is both economically and culturally inferior to Korea, and finally, as ``fearful China`` which is a imagery that is socially constructed through collective threat they experience in daily life in China. Among these perceptions, a particular one is selectively manifested according to a situation that Korean businessmen face and to a series of Chinese` attitude. After all, it can be argued that perceptional changes are just a superficial phenomenon. In other words, those depend upon political, economic, and social relations between Korea and China and the situation of Korean enterprisers in China. Korean businessmen`s perception of China like this can be considered indices by which Koreans` perception of Chinese, in general, can be inferred. In addition, we can expect that the discussion on the perception will provide the first step to analyze the influence of China`s growth on Korean society and to set the direction of a series of practices such as state policy, economic activities, and civilian exchanges.