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미안사이드하산 ( Mian Sayeed Hassan ),강현중 ( Hyeon Jung Kang ),최민규 ( Min Kyu Choi ),구본일 ( Bon Il Ku ),강신구 ( Shin Gu Kang ),박홍규 ( Hong Kyu Park ),칼레쿠자만초두리 ( M. Khalequzzaman A. Chowdhury ),고재권 ( Jae Kwon Ko ) 한국국제농업개발학회 2011 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.23 No.3
방글라데시의 주식인 쌀은 기후에 따라 크게 3가지 재배시기 (Aus, Aman, Boro)로 나뉘어 연중재배를 하고 있다. 현재까지 개발된 벼 품종은 염저항성, 침수저항성 품종을 포함하여 현재까지 68품종이 개발되었으며, 비료, 살충제, 관개 기술의 발전과 더불어 수량이 증가하고 있다. 각 작기별로 현대적인 품종들이 차지하는 비율은 boro는 96%, T. aman (transplanted aman)는 65%, T. aus는 50%, 그리고 boro-aus 시기에 재배하는 해수침수지역은 20.6% 등 이다. 방글라데시 인구는 2030년까지 1억8천만 명에 달할 것으로 추정되는바, 식량자급을 위해서 4천만 톤의 쌀이 필요할 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 현재 2.8 t/ha인 쌀수량을 4.0 t/ha까지 올려야 하는데, 이는 기후생태별로 염해, 가뭄, 조수, 침수지역 등 각각의 특수한 환경에 적응하는 품종 개발이 필수적이다. 이러한 품종의 개발과 함께 보급 종자 생산, 비료, 작부체계 등 재배기술과 사회경제적인 문제 그리고 환경 문제를 고려한 기술개발이 요구되고 있다. Rice is the major crop and staple food of the majority people in Bangladesh. It is grown almost whole year in the country, where three rice growing seasons are recognized based on climate. Already 68 rice varieties have been developed in Bangladesh including four hybrids, two saline tolerant and two submergence tolerant varieties. Besides, variety development, more than 50 improved technologies on soil, water, fertilizer and cultural practices have been developed. Adoption of modern varieties (MVs) and component technologies like quality seed, fertilizer, pesticides and irrigation resulted in significant yield increase. MVs coverage in boro season (winter irrigated) are around 96% followed by 65% in T. aman (transplanted aman) and 50% in the direct seeded and transplanted aus and 20.6% in the tidal wet land boro-aus saline area. The lowest MV area (14%) is in the T. aman tidal wet land, weakly saline area. Bangladesh population is expected to reach 189.8 million by 2030 and to feed these peoples, almost 40.0 million tons of rice will be required. To feed the increasing population, average yield of rice will have to increase from 2.8 t/ha to 4.0 t/ha. It would be essential to evolve high yield potential rice varieties for favorable ecosystems and agro-ecological constraints areas like saline, drought, tidal and submergence, high temperature and biotic stresses. In addition to variety development, improved production practices, quality inputs specially the seeds, fertilizers and increasing cropping intensity are needed as well as socio-economic including dietary diversity and environmental issues must also be addressed.
A Classification of Rainfall Regions in Pakistan
Mian Sabir Hussain(미안사비르후세인),Seungho Lee(이승호) 대한지리학회 2009 대한지리학회지 Vol.44 No.5
본 연구의 목적은 파키스탄의 강수지역을 구분하는 것이다. 파키스탄 강수 특성의 이해를 증진시키기 위해 강수 지역을 구분하였다. 강수 형태는 순별 강수량 자료를 이용하여 인자분석과 군집분석 기법으로 분석하였다. 연구에 사용된 자료는 파키스탄 기상청에서 제공하는 32개 기상 관측소의 자료로 연구 기간은 1980년에서 2006년까지이다. 인자분석의 결과 추출된 3개의 인자는 전체 변동의 94.60%를 설명한다. 강수 지역은 강수 특성의 공간적 분포를 이해하기 위해 군집분석을 하였다. 군집분석은 Ward법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 강수 지역은 6개의 지역으로 구분되었다. 지역의 경계는 Baluchistan 고원, Indus 평야, Hindu Kush 산맥과 Himalaya 산맥 같은 지형을 기준으로 구분하였다. This study is aimed to classify rainfall regions in Pakistan. Classification of rainfall regions is essential to understand rainfall patterns in Pakistan. Rainfall patterns have been investigated using a factor and cluster analysis technique by 10-days rainfall parameter. The data used here have been obtained from 32 specific weather stations of PMD (Pakistan Meteorological Department) for the period of January 1980 to December 2006. The results obtained from factor analysis provide three factors and these three factors accounts for 94.60% of the total variance. For a better understanding of rainfall regions, cluster analysis method has been applied. The clustering procedure is based on the Wards method algorithm. Overall, these rainfall regions have been divided into six groups. The boundary of the region is determined by the topology such as Baluchistan plateau, Indus plain, Hindu Kush and Himalaya ranges.
The Regional and the Seasonal Variability of Extreme Precipitation Trends in Pakistan
미안 사비르 후세인,이승호 한국기상학회 2013 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.49 No.4
The variability of spatial and temporal trends in extreme precipitation indices and the trend directions were studied for the meteorological seasons of 1950 to 2010. A daily precipitation dataset from 15 weather stations in Pakistan was used. Seven indices were chosen: total precipitation from events ≥ 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles,the number of days with precipitation ≥ 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles of daily precipitation amounts, and annual dry days. A study investigating temporal changes in the spatial extent of statistically significant extreme precipitation events was performed. Trends were calculated for each of the 30-year moving periods within the 1950-2010 time period using a simple linear regression technique and Kendall’s tau-based slope estimator. A distinct spatial differentiation appeared in the prevailing directional trends between the northern and southwestern parts of the study area. In all seasons, increasing trends in extreme precipitation dominated in northeastern Pakistan,whereas a reducing tendency towards extreme precipitation prevails in the southwestern part of the country.
인-휠 전륜 구동 전기자동차를 위한 선회 운동제어에 관한 연구
김상호(Sangho Kim),김창준(Changjun Kim),미안 아쉬팍 알리(Mian Ashfaq Ali),김동형(Donghyung Kim),백성훈(Sunghoon Back),한창수(Changsoo Han) 한국자동차공학회 2013 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.5
This paper proposes the control algorithm for a front wheel drive electric vehicle with in-wheel electric motor. This control algorithm is developed to improve the lateral vehicle dynamic motion. Driving Control algorithm for controlling the lateral movement of the vehicle consists of the direct yaw moment control algorithm and torque distribution algorithm. The direct yaw moment control algorithm determines the desired yaw moment for neutral steering performance and calculates the desired longitudinal force for longitudinal drive. Torque distribution algorithm defines the desired wheel torque on the left and right wheel from the desired yaw moment, desired longitudinal force and tire forces. The proposed control algorithm is simulated using CarSim software. The performance is verified by comparing the trajectory results and yaw rate results of a vehicle model with and without this control algorithm.
차량 동역학을 고려한 무인 주행 차량의 경로 추종 및 장애물 회피 혼합 기법 개발
김동형(Donghyung Kim),김창준(Changjun Kim),미안 아쉬팍 알리(Mian Ashfaq Ali),김영렬(Youngryul Kim),한창수(Changsoo Han) 한국자동차공학회 2009 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2009 No.11
This paper presents a novel method that integrates the path tracking and the obstacle avoidance for UGV(Unmanned Ground Vehicle). Generally, for a safety and an ease control, UGV is used to runs slowly during the autonomous navigation. But if we want to run UGV fast, the vehicle dynamics should be considered. In this research, by using the bicycle model for the vehicle, the integrated method is applied to that model. For waypoints navigation, the pure pursuit path tracking is used. And this method is integrated with the obstacle avoidance method. The integrated method uses the obstacle potential that keeps UGV away from the obstacles while it follows the waypoints. The proposed method is tested on the simulation with several waypoints and obstacles showing that UGV is able to follow the path with obstacles.
Station based Profile of Extreme Rainfall Events in the Punjab Province of Pakistan during 1981-2014
Muhammad Nasar u Minallah,알리 시라지,미안 사비르 후세인 건국대학교 기후연구소 2018 기후연구 Vol.13 No.2
The changes in extreme daily rainfall totals in Punjab Province, Pakistan, during the period (1981-2014) are examined in this study. The analysis was focused on the extreme annual and monthly rainfall events, by processing the exceeding of the daily rainfall over various thresholds, which are indicators for the incidence of extreme rainfall events. To analyze the changes in extreme rainfall events and trends of the time series of the annual number of extreme rainfall days (%) the thresholds of 30mm and 50mm has been estimated. Evidence from the twelve stations considered shows that there is an increase in annual number of extreme rainfall days (%) in dataset. These changes of heavy and extreme rainfall events pronounce significant environmental consequences which cause considerable impact on society.