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실내·외 실시간 모니터링을 활용한 폼알데하이드 및 미세먼지(PM<sub>10</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub>)의 거주시간별 노출 및 위해도 평가
윤단기,남궁선주,공혜관,홍형진,임희빈,박시현,이혜원,이정섭,이철민,Yoon, Danki,Namgoung, Sunju,Kong, Hyekwan,Hong, Hyungjin,Lim, Huibeen,Park, Sihyun,Lee, Hyewon,Lee, Jungsub,Lee, Cheolmin 한국환경보건학회 2019 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.45 No.6
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to suggest methods to investigate continuous monitoring of concentration levels and assess the exposure of individuals considering the actual time activity of residents for formaldehyde and particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5) in the indoor and outdoor air of a house, assess the health risks of children and adults based on the results of the exposure assessment, and provide basic data on studies for assessing exposure and health risks in Korea in the future. Methods: The concentration levels of formaldehyde and particulate matter were measured in a family home in Gyeonggi-do Province from April 25 to July 31, 2019, using electrochemical sensors (formaldehyde) and light scattering sensors (PM10, PM2.5). Risk assessment by the duration of exposure by time activity was performed by dividing between weekdays and weekends, and indoors and outdoors. Results: The greatest level of carcinogenic risk from inhaling formaldehyde was indoors during the weekdays for both children and adults. For children, the risk was at 7.5 per approximately 10,000 people, and for adults, the risk was at 4.1 per approximately 10,000 people. PM10 and PM2.5 also showed the greatest values indoors during the weekdays, with children at 1.7 people and 1.4 per approximately 100 people, respectively, and adults at 8.2 per approximately 1,000 and 1.8 per approximately 100 people, respectively. Conclusions: The risks of formaldehyde, PM10 and PM2.5 were shown to be high indoors. Therefore, consideration of exposure assesment for each indoor pollutant and management of indoor air quality is necessary.
아파트 실내ㆍ외 미세먼지(PM10, PM2.5)와 블랙카본(Black Carbon)의 계절별 농도 및 시간대별 분포 특성 사례연구
박신영(Shinyoung Park),윤단기(Danki Yoon),공혜관(Hyegwan Kong),강상현(Sanghyeon Kang),이철민(Cheolmin Lee) 한국환경보건학회 2021 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.47 No.4
Background: Particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5) and black carbon contribute to poor air quality in urban areas, and can also affect indoor environments. Exposure to PM can be associated with respiratory and lung diseases. Objectives: This study investigated the indoor and outdoor concentration distribution patterns of PM10, PM2.5, and black carbon at an apartment building, a typical residential space in the metropolitan areas of South Korea, by season, day of the week (weekday vs. weekend), and time of the day. It aims to obtain foundational data for the effective management of pollutants and investigate the difference in pollution levels between indoor and outdoor environments. Methods: Indoor and outdoor concentrations of PM and black carbon were measured at an apartment building located in Namyangju, Gyeonggi-do Province, using dust sensors and an Aethalometer AE51 (AethLabs, San Francisco, CA, USA) over the course of a year from June 2020 to May 2021. The concentration distribution patterns were analyzed by season and time of day. Results: PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in the outdoor environment were higher than those in the indoor environment, regardless of the season. By contrast, the indoor black carbon concentration was higher than that in the outdoor environment during summer and autumn. The concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and black carbon were found to be higher on weekdays than during weekends, especially during rush hour, with concentrations of 25.92~56.58 μg/m3, 21.12~44.82 μg/m3, 0.63~3.40 μg/m3. Conclusions: The outdoor concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, and black carbon were higher during the weekdays, especially during rush hour, than during weekends. This study is expected to provide basic data for the health management of apartment occupants because it is measured over a period of more than one year.
화학사고 주변 지역 거주자의 보건환경 관리를 위한 건강위해성 평가 방법 개발에 관한 연구
박시현 ( Sihyun Park ),박세정 ( Sejung Park ),박태현 ( Taehyun Park ),윤단기 ( Danki Yoon ),정종현 ( Jonghyeon Jung ),강성규 ( Sungkyu Gang ),이동수 ( Dongsoo Lee ),서영록 ( Youngrok Seo ),안연순 ( Yeonsoon An ),이철민 ( Cheolmin 한국산업보건학회 (구 한국산업위생학회) 2018 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.28 No.1
Objectives: This research is part of a study to be conducted over five years starting from 2017 by the Ministry of Environment on the development of technologies to evaluate the impact of chemical accidents on the human body. Methods: For this research, a five-stage specific study method was developed. Results: In brief, the developed health risk assessment method can be summarized as follows. First, a health risk assessment system was built based on the guidelines set forth by the USA NRC/NAS. Second, based on the disease manifestation theory, the health risk assessment method was divided into 1) a carcinogenic health risk assessment method focused on all carcinogens except non-genotoxic carcinogens and 2) a non-carcinogenic health risk assessment method focused on noncarcinogens including non-genotoxic carcinogens. Third, the detailed contents of the health risk assessment method were developed in four stages (hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment, and risk determination) through theoretical consideration of the assessment of the level of health risk related to chemical exposure. Finally, a health risk assessment methodology, classified into stages to address acute, subacute/subchronic, and chronic conditions was developed after considering the physicochemical behavior of hazardous chemicals upon implementation of countermeasures after a chemical accident. Conclusions: A method to evaluate the health risks related to toxic chemicals generated by chemical accidents was developed. This study was performed with the purpose of developing a mathematical health risk assessment method to evaluate the health effects of exposure to hazardous chemicals upon implementation of emergency countermeasures after chemical accidents.