벼 葯培養 分化植物體의 變異性 Ⅱ. 量的形質의 變異

Sae Jun Yang(陽世準),Byeong Geun Oh(吳秉根),Gun Sik Chung(鄭根植),Jae Keun Sohn(孫再根) 한국육종학회 1987 한국육종학회지 Vol.19 No.4

The present study was focused on variability of anther-derived plants in quantitative characters to obtain basic information for rice breeding through anther culture. Variability of progeny of anther-derived plants, A₂ Lines, were compared with F₂ generation of the same combination. The salient findings obtained are summarized as follows; The segregation and recombination of major characters such as days to heading, panicle length, and panicles per plant both 175 anther-derived A₂ lines and 594 F₂ plants derived from Milyang 74/Dashukei 2 F₁ hybrids presented normal distribution curves and refered to the inheritance of quantitative characters controlled by multiple genes. Expression of gene recombinants related to culm length of 48 anther-derived A₂ lines from singwangbyeo/Eunhatyeo F₁ hybrids showed similar to those of 406 F₂ plants, although average culm length of A₂ population was shorter than that of F₂ population. The segregation and recombination of fertility of 71 anther-derived A₂ lines from Milyang 62/Akibare F₁ hybids as remote cross showed clearly different from those of 578 F₂ plants. The curve of A₂ population appeared more centered, and tilted to higher fertility. This tendency was also appeared both anther-derived A₂ lines and F₂ population derived from Singwangbyeo/Eunhabyeo F₁ hybrids.

벼 葯培養 分化植物體의 變異性 Ⅳ. 통일형 / 자포니카형 F₁ 葯培養系統의 分類

Sae Jun Yang(楊世準),Byeong Geun Oh(吳秉根),Soo Kwan Lee(李壽寬),Gun Sik Chung(鄭根植) 한국육종학회 1989 한국육종학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Anthers of a cross between Tongil rice CV., Milyang 23 and Japonica rice CV., Nagdongbyeo were cultured on N6-Y1 medium, which Japonica rice was better adapted than Indica, to confirm a certain degree of screening effect of culture medium on the genetic expression of pollen plants. The salient findings obtained are summarized as follows; The majority of progeny of pollen plants, A2 lines, had horizontal leaf angle as intermediated type between parental varieties. Most of A2 lines also had the same leaf color of their parental varieties, but transgressive variation was expressed. Although most of A2 lines in grain shape distributed within parental range, transgressive variation in grain shape was also observed. The phenol color reaction of brown rice was coincide with seed integuments. The ratio of postive(+) phenol reaction to negative(-) was 1:1 in A2 population. It was considered that inheritance of the phenol color reaction was controlled by single dominant gene. The coloration of phenol solution after soaking seed integuments in 2% phenol for 5 days at 30℃ was more clearly than in brown rice. Transgressvie variation to milyang 23 observed both brown rice and seed integuments. Based on the results described above, the pollen grain of different genotype probably have the same totipotency into intact pollen plants. No significant selection effects was found during the process of anther culture. This results also provide useful information of rice breeding for Indica/Japonica hybrids through anther culture.

벼 組織培養을 利用한 突然變異誘發 硏究 Ⅰ. 半數體에 대한 化學物質의 突然變異 誘起效果

Sae Jun Yang(楊世準),Byeong Geun Oh(吳秉根),Soo Kwan Lee(李壽寬),Gun Sik Chung(鄭根植) 한국육종학회 1988 한국육종학회지 Vol.20 No.3

This experiment was conducted to broaden the scope of mutation breeding and to introduce new source of variation by in vitro technology. Node tissue of haploid plants, derived from rice anther culture (CV. Dashukei 2) were cultured on the N6-Y1 basic medium supplemented with 10⁻⁵M NAA, 0.5 x 10⁻⁵M kinetin, and 5x10⁻⁵M ABA. Chemical mutagens, DES, EMS, Sodium Azide, and MNNG were applied in vitro system through this experiment. Diploidization of’haploid plants regenerated from node culture with mutagens were conducted. The progeny of regenerated diploid plants, M₂ generation, were evaluated in their major agronomic characters, and they were compared with A₂ generation derived from anther culture. Haploid plants directly regenerated from node tissue of haploid without callus formation. The ratio of plant regeneration was decreased when the concentration of chemical mutagens were increased. Autodiploidization ratio by tiller separation was 3.1% while that of 0.2% colchicine treatment for 12 hours was 23.0% under the field condition. Phenotypic patterns of 197 M₂ lines derived from node culture with mutagens showed that 80.2% M₂ lines were similar to their parental variety, but the others were different in some characters. For days to heading and culm length the means did not change but the range of variance was larger in M₂ lines than in parental variety. Distribution of days to heading in 146 M₂ lines derived from DES treatmat was similar to 137 A₂ lines derived from anter culture, but that of culm length between two populations showed a significant difference.

벼 葯培養 分化植物體의 變異性 Ⅲ. 質的形質의 變異

Sae Jun Yang(楊世準),Byeong Geun Oh(吳秉根),Gun Sik Chung(鄭根植),Jae Keun Sohn(孫再根) 한국육종학회 1988 한국육종학회지 Vol.20 No.1

The present study was focused on variability of qualitative characters in anther-dervied plants to obtain basic information for rice breeding through anther culture. Variability in the progeny of antherderived plants, A₂ lines, were compared with F₂ generation of the same cross combination. The frequency of tall in culm length was 79% in 594 F₂ plants, but 56% in 175 A₂ lines derived from Milyang 74/Dashukei 2 F₁ hybrids. The ratio of tall to short was 3:1 in F₂ population, and 1:1 in A₂ lines. Short culm of Milyang 74 was controlled by a recessive gene. There was no variants related to glaborous leaf blade of Dashukei 2 and resistant reaction to bacterial leaf blight, pathotype K₁, of Milyang 74 in A₂ lines. The glaborous leaf blade blade of Dashukei 2 controlled by a recessive gene and resistant reaction to bacterial leaf blight, pathotype K₁, of Milyang 74 controlled by a dominant gene were domonstrated in both F₂ population and A₂ lines derived from Milyang 74/Dashukei 2 F₁ hybrids.

벼 논에서 토양 유기물 함량, 논 유형 및 농업기후대가 CH₄ 배출에 미치는 영향

고지연,이재생,우관식,송석보,강종래,서명철,곽도연,오병근,남민희,Ko, Jee-Yeon,Lee, Jae-Saeng,Woo, Koan-Sik,Song, Seok-Bo,Kang, Jong-Rae,Seo, Myung-Chul,Kwak, Do-Yeon,Oh, Byeong-Gun,Nam, Min-Hee 한국토양비료학회 2011 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.44 No.5

영남지역에서 자연적 입지조건이 논토양 온실가스 배출에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자, 2004년, 2005 및 2007년의 3년간 경남 밀양에 위치한 국립식량과학원 기능성작물부 시험포장과 인근 포장에서 연구를 수행하였다. 논토양에서 온실가스 배출과 관련 깊은 자연적 요인인 논토양 유기물 함량, 논 유형 (보통답, 미숙답, 습답 및 사질답) 및 농업기후대별 (영남내륙지대, 영남내륙산간지대 평지 및 산지, 동해안중부지대) 로 $CH_4$ 배출량을 조사하였다. 논토양 유기물 함량에 따른 $CH_4$ 배출량은 동일비료의 장기연용에 의하여 인접한 토양임에도 토양유기물 함량이 서로 다른 시험구에서 벼 표준재배법에 따라 동일하게 시비관리하면서 조사하였다. 논토양 $CH_4$ 배출량은 GWP 기준으로 3요소+퇴비 장기시용에 의하여 유기물 함량이 가장 높았던 처리구에서 $CH_4$ 배출량이 $3,597kg\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$ (100%)으로 가장 많았고, 다음으로 퇴비 72.1%, 3요소 70.5%, 3요소+규산 49.9% 및 무비 41.1%의 순으로 나타났다. 이는 토양 유기물 함량의 순서와 일치하였으며, 논토양 온실가스 배출량과 토양 유기물 함량 사이에는 r = $0.963^{**}$의 고도로 유의한 정의 상관관계가 있었다 (y = $4.3096x^{1.81314}$, 단 x는 토양 유기물함량, g $kg^{-1}$).논 유형별 $CH_4$ 배출량 (GWP) 은 토양 투수속도가 느리고, 유기물 함량이 높아 토양의 혐기상태가 강하게 유지되는 습답에서 $14,160kg\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$ (100%)로 가장 많았고, 미숙답은 64.0%, 보통답 46.8%, 사질답 23.8%의 순으로 나타났다. 농업기후대에 따른 논토양 $CH_4$ 배출량 (GWP)은 벼 재배기간 중 평균기온이 가장 높았던 영남내륙지대 (밀양)에서 $4,967kg\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$ (100%)로 가장 배출량이 많았 고, 동해안중부지대 (영덕) 94.6%, 영남내륙산간 평지 (상주 신봉) 91.7% 및 영남내륙산간 산지 (상주 화서) 78.9%의 순이었다. 기후대별 온도인자 중 7-9월 평균기온과 논토양 온실가스 배출량 사이의 회귀식은 y = 389.7x-4,287(단 x는 농업기후대별 7-9월 평균기온, $R^2=0.906^*$)이었다. 이와 같은 자연적 입지조건이 논토양 $CH_4$ 배출에 미치는 영향에 대한 이해를 높임으로써 논토양 입지조건을 고려한 온실가스 저감방법 구명 및 개발에 기초연구로 이용될 수 있을 것이다. To evaluate the effects of abiotic factors of paddy fields on greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions from rice paddy fields, $CH_4$ emission amounts were investigated from rice paddy fields by different soil organic matter contents, paddy types, and agricultural climatic zone in Yeongnam area during 3 years. $CH_4$ emission amounts according to soil organic matter contents in paddy field were conducted at having different contents of 5 soil organic matters fields (23.6, 28.7, 31.0, 34.5, and $38.0g\;kg^{-1}$), The highest $CH_4$ emission amount was recorded in the highest soil organic matters plot of $38.0g\;kg^{-1}$. High correlation coefficient (r=$0.963^{**}$) was obtained between $CH_4$ emissions from paddy fields and their soil organic matter contents. According to paddy field types, $CH_4$ emission amounts were investigated at 4 different paddy fields as wet paddy, sandy paddy, immature paddy, and mature paddy. The highest $CH_4$ emissions was recorded in wet paddy (100%) and followed as immature paddy 64.0%, mature paddy 46.8%, and sandy paddy 23.8%, respectively. For the effects of temperature on $CH_4$ emissions from paddy fields, 4 agricultural climatic zones were investigated, which were Yeongnam inland zone (YIZ), eastern coast of central zone (ECZ), plain area of Yeongnam inland mountainous zone (PMZ), and mountainous area of Yeongnam inland mountainous zone (MMZ). The order of $CH_4$ emission amounts from paddy fields by agricultural climatic zone were YIZ (100%) > ECZ (94.6%) > PMZ (91.6%) > MMZ (78.9%). The regression equation between $CH_4$ emission amounts from paddy fields and average air temperature of Jul. to Sep. of agricultural climatic zone was y = 389.7x-4,287 (x means average temperature of Jul. to Sep. of agricultural climatic zone, $R^2=0.906^*$)

정화논에 의한 벼 친환경재배단지 발생 영양염류 저감효과

고지연(Jee-Yeon Ko),이재생(Jae-Saeng Lee),우관식(Koan-Sik Woo),서명철(Myung-Chul Seo),강종래(Jong-Rae Kang),송석보(Seok-Bo Song),오병근(Byeong-Gun Oh),정기열(Ki-Yeol Jung),윤을수(Eul-Soo Yun),최경진(Kyung-Jin Choi),남민희(Min-Hee Nam 한국토양비료학회 2010 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.43 No.2

To manage the effluent nutrients amounts from rice paddy fields using free range ducks or rice bran, we evaluated the effects of a purifying paddy field which is no fertilizer, no pesticides, and dense rice seedling having a concept of constructed wetland. The experimental paddy field was located at downstream in the watershed of ducks using rice culture area in Milyang. The purifying paddy of land design were treated with seeding method, and vegetation type. As land design, direct seeding on plane, and direct seeding on high-ridge field in 2007. Planting rice only, and planting rice with water hyacinth were treated as vegetation type in purifying paddy in 2008. The purifying paddy fields were effective to reduce amount of T-N and T-P contents in effluent to 33.2~45.3%, and 53.1~55.4%, respectively. The direct seeding on high-ridge treatment, having long residence time of effluent water was more effective than plane plot as T-N 0.29 g?¹m?² d?¹, and T-P 0.031 g?¹ m?² d?¹. The planting rice with water hyacinth treatment was effective than planting rice only as T-N 0.23 g?¹ m?² d?¹, and T-P 0.049 g?¹ m?² d?¹. The optimum area of purifying paddy field to treats all effluent were found out 3.2 ~ 4.7% of rice culture area using free range ducks, and rice bran at upper stream.

농작물 잔사 소각에 따른 온실가스 배출계수 개발

고지연 ( Jee Yeon Ko ),이재생 ( Jae Sang Lee ),서명철 ( Myung Chul Seo ),우관식 ( Koan Sik Woo ),강종래 ( Jong Rae Kang ),송석보 ( Seok Bo Song ),곽도연 ( Do Yeon Kwak ),오병근 ( Byeong Gun Oh ),남민희 ( Min Hee Nam ),정현철 ( Hyu 한국토양비료학회 2011 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 Vol.2011 No.-

농작물 잔사 소각에 따른 온실가스 배출계수 개발

고지연(Jee-Yeon Ko),이재생(Jae-Sang Lee),서명철(Myung-Chul Seo),우관식(Koan-Sik Woo),강종래(Jong-Rae Kang),송석보(Seok-Bo Song),곽도연(Do-Yeon Kwak),오병근(Byeong-Gun Oh),남민희(Min-Hee Nam),정현철(Hyun-Cheol Jeong) 한국토양비료학회 2011 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2011 No.5

水稻의 花粉培養에 있어서 基本培地 및 生長調節劑가 Callus 誘起 및 植物體分化에 미치는 影響

李仁燮,吳秉根 慶星大學校 1987 부산수산대학 논문집 Vol.8 No.4

This study was conducted to get basic information about pollen culture for rice breeding. The effects of varieties, basic media, plant growth regulators, and callus trasplanting time on callus induction and plant differentiation were investigated in this experiment. The results obtained were as follows. Nagdong variety showed the highest callus induction rate (21.3%) among the cultivars. Callus induction rate of Japonica type varieties was higher than that of Indica type varieties. N?? medium was the most effective to callus induction, and M.S. medium was to plant differentiation, respectively. Addition of pertinent mixture of two plant growth regulators to the basic medium was more effective to callus induction and plant differentiation. Addition of NAA 2mg+Kinetin 1mg per litter was the most effective to both callus induction and plant differentation. The most effective period of callus transplanting for plant differentiation was 10 to 20 days after callus induction time.