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오가실,신희선,김희순,Oh, Kasil,Sin, Hee-Sun,Kim, Hee-Soon 대한간호협회 1992 대한간호 Vol.31 No.3
The purposes of study was: 1. To identify the direction and scope of research activities in Korean Nursing. 2. To discuss the unique problems present in Korea that warrant nursing research. 3. To delineate the factors that facilitate and/or hinder nursing research in Korea. This study was conducted at six colleges of nursing in Korea. The schools which were selected had doctoral programs at the time, the data were collected in 1990. Four of the schools were located in the metropolitan area of the capital city, Seoul, and two were in two other cities similar in size. The total population of the study was 283 nurses. The instrument for the research was the English version of Research Profile Questionnaire which was translated into Korean by the researchers and was validated in its translation by two professors. A pretest procedure was done before the data collection process. Of the population of 283, 210 subjects received the questionnaire and 150 subjects responded(71.4%). Excluding incomplete questionnaires, 141 questionnaires were utilized for data analysis. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Responses to open-ended questions were content analyzed for themes and categories. Results of the study were as follows : Respondents currently , involved in nursing research numbered 108(76.6%), but 33(23.4%) did not have any research experience. The inexperienced respondenLs tended to be younger than the experienced subjects and most( 60.6%) were employed in hospitals, while 82.4 percent of the experienced nurses were employed in nursing schools. Among the respondents with research experience, 68.5 percent were involved in one to three projects and 31.5 percent were engaged in four or more projects. The experienced nurses indicated that nursing research in Korea is active. On the other hand, the responses of the inexperienced were that nursing research is not active. The most frequently selected research subjects were patients(76.9%, 83 respondents) followed by nurses, healthy persons and nursing students. The relatively high percentage of healthy persons as study subjects, could be explained as a concern of nurses for healthy persons as well as for ill patients. The aforememioned literature review showed a dramatic change in the kinds of study subjects; approximately 33 percent were patients but 25 percent were healthy subjects of various ages. The hospital was the prevailing research setting(67.6%) but at the same time various community settings were used. This is a changing phenomena in nursing research of Korea. Current research designed to build on previous studies amounted to 75 percent; about 39.8 percem were theory and hypothesis generated. Over 65 recommended additional research focusing on hypothesis-testing 0:' theory building. The previously quoted literature review found that only 4.0 percent of the study quescions were developed from a theoretical framework. The most frequently listed current major focus of nursmg research was stress and adaptation. Patients with cancer, pain, social support and care of the elderly were the next most frequently reported. These concerns may reflect problems associated with a technological and industrializing societyl. The most frequently identified problem was lack of clinical research. The need for replication research and research that contributes to the accumulation of nursing knowledge were found to be rare in Korean research. A need for theory testing and theory construction research was also identified. Although advanced statistical methods were often utilized in nursing research, the results were frequently considered by the interviewers not to be applicable in practice, and readers had difficulty in comprehending the findings. Even though the number of clinical nurses involved in research is increasing, it is still considered inadequate. Among 108 respondents, 83(76.9%) gave lack of time as a barrier to conducting nursing research. Over fifty percen
오가실 ( Ka Sil Oh ) 연세대학교 간호정책연구소 2006 간호학탐구 Vol.15 No.1
This paper is sought to make explicit conceptual distinctions that underlie the hoped-for translation of social support into a prescriptive theory. Various concepts of social support and its components that can be operationalized into nursing practice are reviewed. Reports of social support intervention programs have been summarized to make a baseline framework of social support prescriptions. The majority participants/recipients of social support interventions were caregivers of patients, persons under stressful situations and health problems and others. Social support intervention programs designed four to eight week sessions of from one and a half to 2 hours. Almost all the group approaches included emotion, affirmation, information, and physical care support. The effectiveness of social support intervention was measured by diverse indicators however, mostly health outcomes such as physical-psycho-social problems, quality of life and wellbeing. Specific intervention strategies outlined that considered types of social support deficits, intervention tactics, and population targets. Intervention targets are individual, dyadic, group, community and institution. Social support interventions reported in literature examined with the survey list of the prescriptive theory suggested by Dickoff, James and Wiedenbach. Further development of intervention tactics are remained. Future research to develop situation-relating theory and accumulation of the research will guarantee the prescriptive theory of social support.