국내 라셀기의 성능향상을 위한 니들과 가이드 구동장치 가상 시제품 개발

송석,김영규,Song, Suk,Kim, Young-Gyu 한국섬유공학회 2005 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.42 No.2

We have designed a new driving mechanism of the raschel machine for industrial fabrics using the eccentric earn. Domestic raschel machines for industrial fabrics have low productivity and high level of noise and vibration because it uses the pot earn in the main driving mechanism. The goal of this research is to reduce the noise and vibration, and to enhance the productivity of the domestic raschel machine. Three dimensional modeling of the parts was carried out by using MDT (mechanical desktop), and kinematic analysis has been implemented to design the new needle driving and the guide driving mechanisms using the Visual Nastran program. To estimate the safety of the principal parts of the mechanisms, finite element analysis (FEA) has been conducted by using Visual Nastran program. As the result of FEA, the newly designed needle driving and guide driving units is estimated safe under actual driving. Consequently, we have developed a virtual prototype of the needle driving and guide driving units of the raschel machine for industrial fabrics which increase the productivity remarkably and reduce the noise and vibration. Moreover, the results show that the needle dwells for $190^{\circ}$ at the uppermost position, and the guide performs shogging operation for $160^{\circ}$. This motion has the effect of enhancing the stability of loop formation during knitting operation by speeding up the shogging motion of the guide bar of the domestic raschel machine for industrial fabrics.

美國會社法에서 理事의 利益衝突去來

宋錫彥 중앙대학교 법학연구원 1993 法學論文集 Vol.18 No.-

의미해석상의 초점

송석만 慶尙大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.25 No.2

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of focus in the semantic interpretation of a sentence by making clear the notion of fucus and by examing the function of focus in a sentence. Discussions in this study can be summarized as follows. 1. When a speaker wants to change the information a hearer has by uttering a sentence, he provides stress to a special part of the sentence, that is the conbstituent containing new information. The constituent provided stress and regarded as new information is generally called focus. 2. Focus can be typed as follows: 1) according to the position of the nucleus in the tone unit as (a) End focus and (b) Contrastive focus. 2) according to the contextual conditions as (a) Contrastive focus, (b) Informational focus, and (c) Presentational focus. 3) according to the means of expressing focus as (a) Constructional focus, (b) Stress focus, and (c) Wh focus. 3. The constructions of expressing focus considered in this study are the method of stress assigment, cleft sentences and pseudo-cleft sentences. Topicalization and the focus expressed by adding a special word such as even, only are treated here. 4. The focus of a sentence has a great effect on the semantic interpretation of the sentence according as constituent of sentence is focused. In other words, the sentence has different information with the change of focus in the sentence by the speaker as the examples in (1) below. (1) a. John stole three HORSES. (not cows) b. John stole THREE horses. (not two) c. John STOLE three horses. (not bought) d. JOHN stole three horses. (not Bill) And the presupposition of the sentence is also decided by what constituent is focused. The sentences in (1) have the following presuppositions in (2) respectively. (2) a. John stole three somthings. b. John stole some number of horses. c. John did something about three horses. d. Someone stole three horses. On the focus construction by stress assignment, the presupposition is 'an expression derived by replacing the focus with a variable'. In the case of cleft sentences, focus is the complement of 'it+be' and the presupposition is the out-of-focus clause. In pseudo-cleft sentences, wh-clause is the presupposition and the complement of the whole sentence is focus.

영어 서법 동사와 부사 결합의 의미 분석

송석만 현대영미어문학회 2001 현대영미어문학 Vol.19 No.1

This study is meant to examine a specific type of modal realization as expressed through the combination of modals with their adverb satellites in English. Modal-adverb collocations remain a largely neglected area, even though the study of co-occurrence restriction and regularities has always been an essential aspect of grammatical description. In recent years, important advances have been made in the field of lexicology based on the study of co-occurrence and collocation. The modals and their adverb satellites are examined in accordance with their formal identification and definition, and then the grammatical and semantic or pragmatic processes are considered when the two word classes combine. At a syntactic level, this study investigates the distributional proerties of the relevant categories of adverb within sentence structure and explore the semantic implications for co-occurrence. At a semantic level, this study provides an analysis of the collocational patterns and restrictions which emerge and on this basis seeks to identify the extent to which treds in co-occurrence are predictable. This study is, therefore, concerned with the description of the phenomenon of modal-adverb combination as well as the explanation of the underlying system. At a pragmatic level, co-occurrence is examined in terms of speaker meaning and context of utterance. The nuances introduces by particular modal-adverb associations and the influences that motivate their selection offer further insights into how modal-adverb collocations may be accounted for and eventually formulated. This study is composed of five chapters.

영어 관용어의 은유성

송석만 영미어문학회 1998 영미어문학연구 Vol.14 No.-

일관성 관계에서 담화 연결어

송석만 현대영미어문학회 2004 현대영미어문학 Vol.22 No.2

INFORMATION STRUCTURE

송석만 한국영어영문학회 경남지부 1989 현대영미어문학 Vol.6 No.-

본 연구는 '정보구조'에 관한 연구로서 정보구조란 화자가 청자에게 자기의 메시지를 전달코자 하여 어떤 문장이나 명제를 발화할 때 그 메시지를 '구 정보'와 '신 정보'의 두 부분으로 짜여지는 상태를 언급하는데 정보구조는 '화제와 평언', '화제와 촛점' 또는 '전제와 촛점'등의 명목과 연결시켜 연구되어 왔다. 본 연구는 5장으로 구성되어 있으며 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 제1장은 정보구조의 개념으로 밝히는 서론이고 제2장에서는 정보와 대화 활력소를 검토한다. 대활활력소는 발화내의 각 구성성분간에 나타나는 대화가치의 다양화에 대한 언급으로서 신 정보를 전달하는 요소는 구 정보를 전달하는 요소보다 높은 정도의 대화활력소를 가진다. 이 대화활력소의 정도에 따라 화제와 촛점에 대한 정의를 내릴 수 있다. 즉 촛점은 가장 높은 정도의 대화활력소를 보유하고 그와는 반대로 화제는 가장 낮은 정도의 대화활력소를 보유한다. 이 대화활력소를 기준으로 화제와 촛점을 정의하게 되면 화제는 반드시 알려진 정보나 주어진 정보를 전달하고 촛점은 미지의 정보나 신 정보만을 전달한다고 할수 없는 것이다. 제3장에서는 구 정보와 신 정보를 다루고 있는데 구 정보란 화자가 발화를 할 때 자기와 청자가 이미 공유하고 있다고 추정하는 정보이고 신 정보란 그 발화의 순간에 처음으로 청자의 머리속에 도입시켜 주는 정보이다. 이 정보의 개념은 의도된 정보와 비 의도된 정보로 구분하여 특징지울 수도 있는데 비 의도된 정보란 어떤 발화를 듣는 청자가 그 발화의 유형이나 내용으로부터 추론해 낼 수 있는 정보이고 의도된 정보란 화자가 의도적으로 전달하는 정보이다. 4장에서는 전제와 단언에 관하여 검토한다. 전제는 의미론적 또는 논리적 전제와 화용론적 전제의 두 가지 유형을 비교 검토하며 본 연구에서는 특히 화용론적 전제에 주안점을 둔다. 청자가 어떤 발화를 들을 때 이미 알고 있는 사실로서 당연한 것으로 받아들이는 부분을 전제라고 지칭하고 그 발화를 들음으로써 비로소 청자가 알게 된다고 추정하는 부분을 단언이라고 지칭한다. 따라서 전제와 단언은 어떤 문장이나 명제내에서 공존하는 것이므로 따로 분리하여 취급할 수 없는 것이다. 특별한 이유가 없는 한 전제와 단언의 양편에 대한 영역은 전체로서의 명제인 것이다. 제5장에는 본 연구에 대한 결론이다.

Harris문법과 Chomsky문법의 비교 연구 : with Reference to the Development of Oral Communicative Competence of Korean Speakers

宋錫萬 東亞大學校 大學院 1983 大學院論文集 Vol.7 No.-

This thesis aims to survey the phonological features of English rhythm with a view of working out effective ways to develop oral communicative competence of Korean speakers. English rhythm is composed of stress, juncture, numbers of unstressed syllables and divisions of thought groups, etc. Of these stress pattern and unstressed syllables are the most prominent features determining the characteristics of English rhythm. In contrast Korean language has syllable-timed rhythm, which gives Korean speakers great difficulties in learning English rhythm. It is then apparent that the greatest difficulties in learning English rhythm is stress and unstressed syllables. Another factor which contributes to the difficulty in learning English rhythm is the absence of contacts with natural English by Korean learners of English. To conclude, the Korean learners of English, which is quite different from their mother tongue, have to understand stress patterns and the sounds of reduced forms chiefly found in uttering function words as well as sentences, structures and vocabulary etc., and habituate themselves to these elements through listening and speaking drills. For this the first task is to arrange materials containing the most typical stress pattern and sequenced according to the number of syllables and the types of stress patterns, and then to have the learners practise speaking and listening the materials by using tape - recorders or language laboratories as a source of natural English.

적절성이론에 의한 담화 연결어 분석

송석만(Suck-Man Song) 영미어문학회 2004 영미어문학연구 Vol.20 No.2

I have argued that the unitary approach to connectives as linking elements is inadequate because it cannot account for free standing utterances with connectives and because it misses a number of empirical differences between distinct classes of connectives and thus fails to draw some interesting theoretical generalizations relating to the semantics of these devices. Adopting the relevance theoretical approach, a more promising one, I have argued that trere is more than one semantic type of connectives: some connectives encode concepts and others encode procedures. Conceptual connectives may contribute to the explicit content of an utterance, whereas procedural connectives may constrain the derivation of either the explicit content of an utterance or its implicit import. Conceptual connectives may be thought of as establishing conceptual links between propositions; procedural connectives, on the other hand, do not link propositions at any stage of the interpretation process: they indicate the computations such representations are intended to undergo.

含義의 配列에 관한 硏究

宋錫萬 東亞大學校 大學院 1982 大學院論文集 Vol.6 No.-

The parpose of this thesis is to study the role of entailment in semantic interpretation of natural languages by making clear the notion of entailment and by examining the ordering of entailments. Discussions in this study can be summarized as follows. 1. The aim of truth-condition semantics is to bring it out whether each of the infinite number of sentences in a language is analytically true, whether it is contradictory or anomalous, and whether it has any interpretative relations with other sentences through its semantic description. Another aim is to find out the entailment relations among senternces. Todeal with entailment relations it is necessary to define entailment as follows: a sentence S entails another sentence P iff if S is true P must also be true, and if P is false S must be false. Thus, if and only if s entails P, S is a sufficient truth-condition for P, and P is a necessary truth-condition for S. If and only if S both entails P and is entailed by P, then P is a necessary and sufficient truth-condition for S and P is a full paraphrase of S. 2. Presuppositions are of two kinds: logical and pragmatic. Logical presupposition is gener ally defined as follows: a sentence S presupposes another sentence P iff if S and its negation are tue P must be true, and if P is false or lacks a truth-value both S and its negation must lack a truth-value. Pragmatic presupposition is the presupposition in accordance with the appropriateness of a speaker's utterance for the real world)or the context). 3. The difference between entailment and presupposition comes from the treatment of the falsity of the sentence(c): (a) The king of France is bald. (b) The king of France is not bald. (c) There is a king of France. Kempson(1975:49) illustrates the difference between the two approaches as follows: entailment presupposition S P S P T → T T → T F ← F (TvF) ← F F → TvF F → T 4. Many problems of semantics can be solved by assuming that the meaning of a sentence is a structured, partially ordered set of entailments, with the structure being determined by a combination of syntactic, lexical, phonological and logical considerations. It is necessary to find out some method out distinguishing between two sentences which share their entailments but are not synonymous. It is argued that the semantic rules of the grammar impose an internal structure on the entailments of a sentence and that two sentences which share their entailments but sturcture them differently should no longer be regarded as synonymous. The different structure of entailments affects pragmatic interpretation processes. The mechanism of variable substitution brings with it five groups of entailments, which behave differently in semantic and pragmatic interpretation: a) Foreground entailments, each of which must be relevant in its own right b) The first background entailment, which acts as a presupposition, and which is crucially used in establishing the point of the utterance c) Entailments which themselves entail background, which may be-but need not berelevant in their own right d) Entailments which are themselves entailed by the background, which may exhibit presuppositional behavior e) Entailments which neither entail nor are entailed by the background, which should not be involved in normal interpretation, and can be so involved only at the cost of some infelicity. Various semantic rules have been studied in connection with surface structures and stress patterns of given sentences. It needs to be studied whether these semantic rules have any relations whith deep structures of the given sentences.