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      • KCI등재

        칼코게나이드 유리 소재의 PGM 가공 렌즈를 사용한 저가의 적외선 광학계 설계와 제작

        오승은,이선규,최중규,송국현,백종식,Oh, Seung Eun,Lee, Sun Kyu,Choi, Joong Kyu,Song, Kook Hyun,Baek, Jong Sik 한국광학회 2012 한국광학회지 Vol.23 No.4

        본 논문에서는 적외선 광학장비의 가격 경쟁력을 확보하고자 상대적으로 저렴한 비용으로 제작이 가능한 PGM(Precision Glass Molding) 가공 렌즈로 구성된, 비냉각형 검출기용 적외선 광학계를 설계 및 제작하였다. PGM 가공이 가능하도록 광학계의 모든 렌즈에 칼코게나이드 유리(Chalcogenide Glass) 소재를 사용하였으며, 자체 비열화가 구현되도록 설계하였다. 또한 기존 가공법인 SPDT(Single Point Diamond Turning) 방법으로 제작된 렌즈로, 동일한 광학계를 구성하여 PGM 가공 렌즈의 성능 측정에 사용하였다. 제작된 두 광학계의 변조전달함수(MTF) 측정 결과와 실제 영상의 촬영 결과를 비교하여 분석한 결과, 가공 방법에 따른 렌즈의 성능 차이는 그리 크지 않음을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 향후 PGM 가공 렌즈의 사용이 증가하면, 적외선 광학장비의 가격 경쟁력이 향상될 것으로 기대된다. In this paper, for low cost infrared optical equipment, we design and fabricate an infrared optical system for an uncooled detector using PGM(Precision Glass Molding) lenses. The designed infrared optical system has a good athermalization, and the material of all of its lenses is a chalcogenide glass suitable for the PGM method. In addition, we also fabricate the same infrared optical system using SPDT(Single Point Diamond Turning) lenses in order to measure the optical performance of PGM lenses. We measure the MTF(Modulation Transfer Function) of the two infrared optical systems which use the PGM lenses and the SPDT lenses. And then we compare and analyze the images of them both. As a result, we find that they have only a very small difference in optical performance. If the use of PGM lenses increases, we expect to reduce the cost of infrared optical equipment.

      • KCI등재후보

        식도정맥류에 대한 수술요법

        송국현,박영관 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1985 계명의대학술지 Vol.4 No.1

        We studies 83 cases of esophageal varices with portal hypertension treated by Sugiura procedure (esophageal transection with paraesophagogastric devascularization) in one or two stages, or by Kobayashi procedure (transabdominal esophageal transection) and Yamamoto procedure (TEPG, terminal esophagoproximal gastrectomy), depending on the patient's condition, at the Department of Surgery, Keimyung University School of Medicine, from January 1979 to February 1985. The results of the operative procedures can be summarized as follows: 1) The ages of the patient ranged from 11 years to 62 years. Among 83 patients, 52 were male and 21 were female and the ratio of male and female was about 2.5:1, the age incidence were most prevalent in the 4th and 5th decades. 2) The procedures were prophyactic measure in 13 cases(15.7%), elective surgery in 59(71.1%), and emergency in 11(13.2%). 3) Twenty-six patients were Child's classification group A (31.3%), forty-one in group B (49.4%) and sixteen in group C (19.3%). 4) The Sugiura procedure was performed at 73 cases as one stage-two procedures in 39 cases, two stages-one procedure in 25 (6 thoracic procedure only and 19 abdominal procedure only), and two stages-two procedures in 9. The Kobayashi procedure was performed at 6 cases and the Yamamoto procedure at 4 cases. 5) The portal pressures measured intraoperatively ranged from approximately 130 to 450mm. saline in 60 cases. Among them, 57 cases (95.0%) were above 200mm. saline and 3 cases (5.0%) were normal protal pressure. The intraoperative liver wedge biopsy was performed at 62 cases. The results were cirrhosis of liver in 55 cases, chronic inflammation in 3, portal fibrosis 1 and normal 3. 6) postoperative complications occurred in 43 cases. The significant complications were hepatic failure in 6 cases, esophageal leakage accompanied with rebleeding in 2, rebleeding only in 3, esophageal leakage only in 3, esophageal stenoiss in 3. Alkaline reflux esophagitis was occurred in 1 case of Yamamoto procedure. No postoperative encephalopathy was noted. 7) The overall mortality within one month after surgery was 13 cases (15.7%), among them, 1(7.7%) in 13 prophylactic cases, 6(10.2%) in 59 elective cases and 6 (54.5%) in 11 emergency cases. And the operative mortality according to the Child's classification, 1 (3.8%) in 26 group A, 8(19.5%) in 41 group B and 4 (25.0%) in 16 group C. 8) The postoperative esophagography was performed at 39 cases and revealed disappearance of exophageal varices in 17 cases (44.7%), marked improvement in 19(50.0%) and stationary in (5.3%). 9) 60 cases were followed up from 3 months to 6 years period. Among them, 7 cases were expired due to rebleeding in 3 cases, hepatic failure in 3 cases and metastatic hepatoma in 1 cases. The remaining 53 cases were relatively well without rebleeding.

      • KCI등재후보

        유방 섬유선종의 미세구조에 의한 조직원에 대하여

        宋國鉉,徐仁壽,朴永寬 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1985 계명의대학술지 Vol.4 No.2

        여성유방 섬유선종의 조직기원을 알아보기 위해 외과수술로 적출된 종양 11례를 광학 및 전자현미경으로 검색하였다. 환자는 모두 젊은 여성이었으며, 유방에 촉지되는 종괴를 호소하여 적출된 종양을 연구대상으로 하였다. 그 성적을 요약하면 전자현미경하에서 섬유선종의 상피성분은 상피세포도 아니고 근상피세포도 아닌 중간형태의 세포가 주된 세포이었다. 정상 유선에서 보이는 근상피세포와 유사한 세포도 관찰되었으나 그 수는 적었다. 선강에 면한쪽에는 많은 microvilli를 가진 원주형 세포들은 대체로 정상유선에서 보이는 상피세포와 유사하였으나 이들 세포들은 많은 양의 근세섬유를 함유한 부분도 공유하여 이 부분은 근상피세포와 유사하였다. 따라서 여성유방의 섬유선종은 예비세포 혹은 기간세포에서 유래되며 상피세포나 근상피세포나 어느 쪽으로도 치우친 분화를 하지 않아서 증식된 세포는 양자의 특징을 모두 가진 중간형으로 된다고 생각된다. The author studied ultrastructural changes of 11 cases of fibroadenoma obtained from young female breast to clarify the origin of the tumor cells. Chief complaints were palpable mass in all cases. Electron microscopic observations disclosed that the main proliferating cells were those showing intermediate morphology between secretory and myoepithelial cells. Occasionally classic myoepi- thelial cells were also noted on the base of epithelial nests. Columnar cells were also found frequently. which showed microvilli on the luminal surface and resembled to normal secretory cells in shape and distribution. But these cells had a lot of bundles of myofilments with dence bodies on their cytoplasm accompanied with decreased number of various organelles. These cells were interpreted as intermediate form. The origin of the cells in the fibroadenoma of female brest thought to be stem cells or reserve cells of ducts which did not fully differentiate to secretory or myoepithelial cells and showed all characteristics of both cell lines.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재
      • 식도 정맥류에 대한 Sugiura Procedure

        박영관,박성대,송국현 啓明大學校 醫科大學 外科學敎室同門會 1990 論文集-東南保健大學 Vol.24 No.1

        We studied 63 cases of esophageal varices with portal hypertension treated by Sugiura procedure (esophageal transection with paraesophagogastric devascularization) in one or two stages, depending on the patient’s condition, at the Department of Surgery, Keimyung University School of Medicine, from January 1979 to August 1984. The results of the Sugiura procedure can be summarized as follows: 1) The ages of the patients ranged from 14 years to 62 years. Among 63 patients, 48 were male and 15 were female and the ratio of male and female was about 3.2: 1, and the age incidence was most prevalent in the 5th decade. 2) The procedure was prophylactic measure in 8 cases(12.7%), elective surgery in 48(76.2 %), and emergency surgery in 7(11. 1 %). 3) Eighteen patients were in Child’s classification Group A(28.6%), thirty-one in Group B (49.2%) and fourteen in Group C(22.2%). 4) The procedure was performed as one stage-two procedures in 35 cases, two stages-one procedure in 21(4 thoracic procedure only and 17 abdominal procedure only), and two stages-two procedures in 7. 5) Intraoperative liver wedge biopsy was performed at 50 cases. The results were cirrhosis of liver in 45 cases, chronic inflammation in 2, portal fibrosis 1 and normal 2. 6) The postoperative complications occured in 32 cases. The significant complications were hepatic failure in 4 cases, esphageal leakage accompanied with rebleeding in 2, esophageal stenosis in 2, rebleeding only in 2, esophageal leakage in 1 and hemorrhagic gastritis in 1. No postoperative encephalopathy or reflux esophagitis was noted. 7) The overall mortality within one month after surgery was 8 cases(12. 7%), among them, 5(10.4%) in 48 elective cases and 3(42.9%) in 7 emergency. And the operative mortality according to the Child’s Classification, 5(16. 1 %) in 31 Group B and 3(21. 6%) in 14 Group C. There was no death in 8 prophylactic cases and in 18 Child’s classification Group A.

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