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백경열,김호걸 인간식물환경학회 2024 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.27 No.1
Background and objective: Rapid urbanization has led to habitat degradation and fragmentation in urban ecosystems,negatively impacting biodiversity. Various natural spaces and green areas, particularly urban biotopes, are essential tofoster an environment for diverse species within urban areas. The increase in biotope grades is a crucial factor in enhancingbiodiversity and expanding wildlife habitats in urban areas, thereby improving the overall health and sustainability of urbanecosystems. This study focuses on environmentally sensitive bird species, applying scenarios of biotope grade elevationto derive efficient methods for improving biotope grades. The goal is to support projects and policy decisions to increaseurban biodiversity and sustain ecosystems within the city. Methods: The analysis model employed the MaxEnt species distribution model, and 11 environmental variables tailored tobird characteristics were considered. Additionally, four scenarios for upward adjustments in biotope grades were examined:(1) current biotope grades, (2) upgrading second-grade areas to first-grade, (3) upgrading third-grade areas to secondgrade,and (4) upgrading second and third-grade areas to first-grade. The study aimed to derive the efficiency of potentialhabitats in response to biotope grade increases under each scenario. Results: The results of the biotope grade upward scenarios showed an increase in efficiency of 81% for Scenario(2), 38.6%for Scenario (3), and 54.6% for Scenario (4). This reveals the efficiency of potential habitat expansion for urban birds withimproved biotope grades. The findings underscore the significant role of biotope grade enhancement in securing birdhabitats within the city. Conclusion: Focusing on birds in Seoul, this study concluded that higher biotope ratings significantly increase potentialhabitats. Limitations of the study include the omission of specific bird species when considering environmental variablesand the lack of reflection of habitat characteristics like meteorological factors. Future research aims to develop a morein-depth and accurate model for evaluating the efficiency of biotope rating change scenarios.
Synthesis of Amphiphilic Star Block Copolymer with Photosensitive Core by ATRP
백경열,이상협,황승상 한국고분자학회 2011 Macromolecular Research Vol.19 No.5
Well-defined photo and pH-sensitive amphiphilic star block copolymers were synthesized by copper based atom transfer radical polymerization, which consisted of a hydrophilic pH sensitive shell and photosensitive hydrophobic core structure. For this, photosensitive n-butyl acrylate (nBA) star polymer was synthesized with a multi-functionalized initiator including Pd-coordinated porphyrin in combination with CuBr and 4,4'-dinonyl-2,2'-bipyridyl (dNbpy) (PDI < 1.09). This hydrophobic photosensitive nBA star polymer was then used as a macroinitiator and polymerized with N,N’-dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) in the CuCl/CuCl2/dNbpy catalytic system to synthesize PnBA-PDMAEMA star block copolymer, where the PDMAEMA block segment worked as a base exterior. For the arm chain consisted of an acid exterior block segment, the nBA star polymer macroinitiator was polymerized with tert-butyl acrylate (tBA) in the CuBr/dNbpy catalytic system to synthesize the PnBA-PtBA star block copolymer followed by a treatment with strong acid for deprotecting the tert-butyl groups in the PtBA block segment to give PnBA-poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) star block copolymer. Both amphiphilic photosensitive star block copolymers showed well defined molecular weights with narrow polydispersities (PDI < 1.23).
전국 멧돼지 잠재서식지 예측을 위한 군집 및 서식적합성 분석
백경열,김호걸,박현준,김유진,정승규 한국정보통신학회 2023 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.27 No.9
아프리카돼지열병(African Swine Fever, ASF)의 빠른 전파로 국제적 손실이 커져가고 있다. ASF 감염개체 발생 시, 현장조사를 통해 전파경로 및 확산 범위 파악을 통해 무차별적인 확산을 예방할 수 있다. 하지만, 모든 지역을 현장조사하는 것은 불가능하며, 많은 자원이 소요되는 한계점이 존재한다. 따라서 주요 서식지의 사전 파악으로 공간정보를 제공하여 현장조사의 효율성을 높일 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 효율적 현장조사를 지원하여 ASF 확산 방지를 돕기 위해 전국의 멧돼지 잠재서식지를 예측하고 검증하였다. 특히, 무리 생활을 하는 멧돼지 특성을 고려해 출현정보에 군집화를 적용하여, 멧돼지에 적합한 모형을 구축하였다. 군집분석은 ST-DBSCAN 알고리즘을 활용, 잠재서식지 예측 및 검증은 MaxEnt를 활용하였다. 연구결과, 군집화 된 출현정보 기반의 신뢰성 높은 전국 멧돼지 잠재서식지가 도출되었다. 모형에 입력하지 않은 출현정보를 활용하여 모형의 예측 정확도를 분석한 결과, 약 77.33%의 예측 정확도를 보였다. 본 연구는 ASF 확산 방지 현장조사 진행 시 주요 서식지를 사전에 파악함으로써 조사의 효율성을 높이는데 기여할 수 있다고 사료된다. The rapid spread of African Swine Fever (ASF) is causing significant international losses. When ASF outbreaks occur, on-site investigations can help identify the transmission routes and the extent of the spread, preventing uncontrolled dissemination. However, conducting on-site investigations in all regions is impractical and resource-intensive, posing limitations. Therefore, this study aimed to predict and validate potential habitats of wild boars nationwide to support efficient on-site investigations and help prevent ASF spread. Specifically, the study considered the characteristics of wild boars' group behavior and applied clustering to occurrence data to develop a suitable model. The ST-DBSCAN algorithm was used for clustering, and MaxEnt was employed for habitat prediction and validation. The research results revealed reliable potential habitats of wild boars nationwide based on clustered occurrence data. Analyzing the model's prediction accuracy using non-input occurrence data resulted in approximately 77.33% accuracy. This study demonstrates the potential contribution to enhancing the efficiency of on-site investigations for ASF prevention by preemptively identifying key habitats.