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      • L.v.Beethoven Piano Sonata Op.13에 관한 분석연구

        배재민 계명대학교 대학원 2009 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        이 논문은 베토벤 초기 피아노 소나타의 대표곡인 Op. 13을 분석함으로써 작곡가의 의도에 보다 근접한 연주가 가능하도록 돕는데 그 목적을 두었다. 먼저 Op. 13의 분석에 앞서 베토벤 피아노 소나타의 시대적 배경 및 특징, Op. 13의 작곡배경 등을 살펴본 후, 구조와 형식, 선율을 중심으로 주제 발전과 조성, 화성에 대해 언급하였다. 3악장 구성의 이 소나타는 1악장의 서주부분이 차지하는 비중이 아주 크다. c miner의 1악장은 조성이 자주 바뀌고 기존의 빠른 1악장에서 탈피한 느리고 장중한 악곡이며 비극적이고 정열적인 면이 관찰된다. 2악장은 A-B-A-C-A의 론도 형식으로 주선율은 윗성부에 있으며 남성미와 여성미를 같이 지니고 있다. 베토벤 작품 중 가장 서정적이며 잘 짜여진 형식과 지속음 사용 등으로 선율이 아름다운 것을 알 수 있다. 3악장은 A-B-A-C-A-B-A 7부분의 형태로 1,2악장을 종합한 모습으로 구성되었으며, 교묘한 대위법적인 기법을 자유롭게 사용하여 완벽한 발전을 갖춘 경쾌한 론도 악장으로 볼 수 있다. Op. 13은 전체적으로 표제음악의 성격을 풍기고 베토벤의 천재성을 느끼기에 충분했으며 그의 초기작품임에도 불구하고 고전주의를 벗어나고자하는 독자적인 모습과 태도들 보여주는 작품이라 할 수 있다. 이처럼 비창 분석을 통한 악곡의 분석은 작품의 이해는 물론 연주에도 큰 도움이 되었으며, 특히 베토벤 초기 소나타의 특징을 바르게 이해할 수 있는 계기가 되었다. The purpose of this study is to analyze Beethoven Piano Sonata Op.13 which is one of his early representative piano sonatas so that performers may be able to play the music in the closest manner to the intent of the composer. First, prior to the analysis of Op. 13, this study mentioned about the theme development, formation and harmony centering on the structure and form, and melody, after looking at the background of the times and characteristics of Beethoven Piano Sonata, and the composition background of Op. 13. The prelude part of the first movement is given great weight in this sonata consisted of the three movements. It is observed that the tonality of the first movement of c minor is changing frequently, and it is a slow and solemn musical piece different from the existing fast first movement, and it tragic and passionate. The second movement is the rondo form of A-B-A-C-A and its main melody is on the upper sound part, which has both masculine and feminine beauty. It is the most lyrical among the Beethoven's works, and we can see that its melody is beautiful owing to its well composed form and use of continuant. The third movement is made in the form of seven parts as A-B-A-C-A-B-A and also in the structure of integrating both the first and second movements. And it is the cheerful rondo movement with perfect development allowing the ingenious use of contrapuntal technique. Op. 13 as a whole shows the characteristic of program music and is enough to prove his genius. And it is a work showing unique look and posture getting out of classicism even though it is one of his early period's works. The analysis of a musical composition as this analysis of "Pathetique" is greatly helpful not only to understanding of the work but also to the performance of the music, while it provides us an opportunity to understand about the characteristics of especially early Beethoven sonatas.

      • 石綿含有資材 解體·除去 시 發生하는 溫室가스 排出量 算定 모델 開發

        배재민 경북대학교 대학원 2014 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        Globally, due to climate change by GHG(Green House Gas) emissions, new regulations and strategies are constantly being introduced. Due to increased understanding and interest about GHG emissions, construction fields in many countries have conducted study to reduce GHG of construction materials manufacturing, construction, maintenance and dismantling steps. Problems related to waste treatment are increasing along with amount of construction waste. Therefore, A study on GHG emissions from the demolition phase is required. Especially, asbestos containing materials cause serious problems. However, unlike ordinary construction materials, there is no case study on the calculation of GHG emission from dismantling and demolition of Asbestos Containing Materials. Thus, in this paper, GHG emissions calculated from dismantling and demolition of Asbestos Containing Materials depending on types and based on formulation presented in “Ministry of Environment” guidelines and GHG emission factor of “Korea Power Exchange”.

      • 시각정보 형식에 따른 EEG 측정 분석

        배재민 영남대학교 대학원 2017 국내박사

        RANK : 247631

        This study has been driven by the question of whether the delivery of information is made appropriately according to the visual information format in current time when the ways of organizing and coordinating information are diversified in line with the change in media environment. The information format associated with the change in media technology can be largely classified into static information in print media and dynamic information in image media. The information is created within these two categories, and the way of implementing the structural organization and the form of information may vary according to the format. Despite many studies on the existing visual information design, a comparative analysis on the cognitive effects of static and dynamic information has yet to be conducted. Against this backdrop, this study intends to classify the visual information into static information such as character and still image and dynamic information such as motion as well as audible information and then to circumstantiate their subsequent cognitive effects through the EEG (electroencephalogram) measurements. This study has been carried out by adopting the method of cognitive neuroscience which is an integrated research technique of combining the two areas of cognitive psychology, which are neuroscience and brain structure as part of artificial intelligence, as well as cognitive psychology and has sought to overcome the inherent limitations of experiment by presenting the experiment stimulation with ecological validity taken into account. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the information transmission format in line with media change through the quantitative research results based on analysis and to examine a method applicable to enhancing and expanding the value of the information designer. The study findings and results are summarized as follows. First, the study has identified through review of literature and preceding studies and experiments as to information visualization that the form of information affects the recognition of information and attention among information recipients. The result of examining the difference between the alpha and the beta waves shows that the peak of recipients' attention has occurred in the information of movement and sound format while the bottom of it has occurred in the information of image and sound type. The development of digital technology is affecting the choice of information format among information creators. Creators who used to use characters and still images as major visualization format now have the potential to be able to use motions and sounds. The emergence of digital media and the remediation of traditional media have a number of positive aspects, including rapid delivery of information, processing, and the change of roles between producers and recipients, but also come with some negative aspect of unnecessary information being involved due to selection of inappropriate information formats. As such, information producers should select valuable information formats in consideration of the intention of the producer, efficiency in information transmission, and the degree of attention concentration of recipients based on the study results. Second, quantitative analysis of utilization of different parts of a cerebrum has revealed that the activation effect may vary depending on the information format. The effect has been found to be high in sensory receptive function that senses and perceives an object in most information formats used in the experiments, and the auditory function has shown different levels of efficiency depending on the information formats, which indicates that the information format and combination may either hamper or mutually supplement a specific function of the brain. Third, experiments have demonstrated that the use of sensory organs intended to analyze information is somewhat different from the results analysis through the use of self-report instrument that allows one to grasp through surveys. The study has revealed that the increase in efficiency in association with the combination of verbal and non-verbal information is more effective in dynamic information that includes motion than static information such as still image. In particular, if a information producer presents the information that are arranged both linearly and nonlinearly, the effect in terms of the synchronizing process of structurally collecting and interpreting such information among recipients has dropped compared to presenting the information of the identical arrangement. This study has left some things to be desired such as failure to measure the change of brainwave patterns and no complete control of stimulation design. Despite these limitations, however, this study has, at least, attempted to present the result based on objective experiments on the efficiency of information format. The process of information recognition and attention concentration belongs to both design and cognitive psychology fields. This study finds its meaning in that it has examined the interaction between the information producer and the recipients according to the information format based on quantitative results derived from scientific experiments. The value of this study lies in conducting objective analysis based on the data that measure electrical signals of a brain, which cannot be recognized by the use of regular self-report instrument. This study is expected to serve as a basis for further studies intended to provide substantial help and foundation in implementing efficient information visualization suitable to the change of the times by complementing the results of this study.

      • 박해기 한국천주교회의 신앙적 특징에 대한 역사적 고찰

        배재민 대구가톨릭대학교 대학원 2015 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        Korean Catholic Church has worked for the canonization of martyrs to follow their lives. However, Korean Catholic Church seems to have focused on martyr's heroic martyrdom, not illuminating on their faith during the persecution period. Thus, I planned to look into the lives of the ancestors of faith during the persecution period, and to consider the direction that Korean Catholic Church should take. In chapter 1, I looked into historical background of Korean Catholic Church in the persecution period. First, in political aspect, the value system of Confucian was collapsing. With this situation, I found that western science did the main role to lay the foundation stone of faith. Second, in religious aspect, I found that the public, who suffered from the collapse of social order in the later the Joseon Dynasty, spread a new popular moment. The public awareness grown by the movement and the religious sentiment of the shamanism, Taoism, and Buddhism played a positive role for the public in Joseon to accept new faith, 'Faith of the Lord of Heaven'. And those were Paris Foreign Missions Society's activities that I looked into in chapter 1. The spirituality of Paris Foreign Missions Society has a strong sense of mission. So they were always ready to be martyred for mission. However, the tendency of Jansenism that the missionaries had made somewhat negative missionary works. In chapter 2, I investigated the characteristics of faith of Korean Catholic Church in the persecution period. First, I looked into 'the martyrdom faith' which is representative at Korean Catholic Church. I could confirm that there is the general features of martyrdom faith in Joseon Christians faith. Second, I looked into 'devotion of the Blessed Mother'. The reason is the simplicity represented by Hail Mary and rosary that 'devotion of the blessed Mother' was developed spontaneously from the establishment of Korean Catholic Church to the persecution period. There was huge influence of 'Paris Foreign Missions Society' on the spread of 'devotion of the blessed Mother'. Third, I looked into 'the public faith'. Later Joseon was the period of transition when various popular religions and the popular consciousness were developing. At this time Christianity made the meaning of the public more obvious with christian values, such as human dignity and human equality. However, before the real social change, persecution was started. Nevertheless, the persecution made Korean Catholic Church public-centered. Like this, with popular faith, there exist the critical points and the possibilities simultaneously in Korean Catholic Church. Fourth, I looked into the life and faith in 'Catholic villages'. 'Catholic villages' were communities to keep the faith and to avoid the persecution. They realized the appearance of early church to keep the faith, and as economic communities and religious belief communities lived lives of communion. Moreover, christians showed 'catholic village' as an ideal society through the practice of charity and lives of faith. Lastly, I investigated 'negative aspects' in the persecution period. There are, for example, excessive the next world-oriented, too strict, and blessing-oriented faith. The external cause of these negative aspects was Jansenism from French missionaries. The internal cause was folk-beliefs which were deeply rooted in our history and culture. In chapter 3, I thought about what features of faith in the persecution period could suggest to Korean Catholic Church of today. Through 'the martyrdom faith', I tried to rediscover the absolute value of faith in the situation of risks of faith that Korean Catholic Church were facing. Through 'devotion of the blessed Mother' I tried to propose the right direction for 'devotion of the blessed Mother' and also tried to find the norm for right beliefs. Through 'popular faith', I tried to realize the meaning of the public that today's Korean Catholic Church must tolerate and the activities. Through 'Catholic village', I tried to find out the suggestion on the small-community movement that today's Korean Catholic Church is developing. And through 'the next world-oriented faith' and 'blessing-oriented faith', I considered the blessing-oriented features of 'Mass offerings'. Lastly, I suggested to reconstruct 'Laymen-based Church' by overcoming 'clergy-centric hierarchy' which was caused by Jansenism of French missionaries. With the above mentioned, I tried to think about the direction that today's Korean Catholic Church must take with the investigation on the characteristics of faith in the persecution period. With this thesis, it became cleared that the answer to the innovation of church must be found in the connecting link between the past and the future.

      • Position Detection of Human Vital Signal using a Phased Array Antenna : 위상 배열 안테나를 이용하여 구획별 탐색이 가능한 인간 생체신호 탐지 시스템

        배재민 경북대학교 대학원 2021 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        (초 록) 최근 생체 신호를 측정하기 위한 여러 가지 방법이 연구되고 있다. 직접 접촉 방식의 측정은 측정 단이 신체에 직접 접촉 상태를 유지해야 하므로, 번거로움이 따른다. 레이더는 무선 주파수를 전송하는 전기 시스템으로, 측정 대상에 전자기파를 방사하여 반사된 주파수를 분석하므로 직접 신체에 접촉하지 않고 인간의 생체 신호를 측정할 수 있다. 무선 방식으로 측정하 는 시스템은 잡음에 민감한 특성을 갖기 때문에, 원하는 신호를 파악하기가 쉽지 않다. 이에 본 논문에서는 작은 크기로 위상을 조절할 수 있는 LHTL을 기반으로 한 위상 변위기를 적용한 위상 배열 안테나를 이용한 레이더 시스템을 제안하였다. 위상 배열 안테나를 이용한 레이더 시스템은 전기적 제어를 통하여 원하는 방향에 빔을 방사할 수 있으므로 구획별 신호 탐색에 용이하며, 높은 이득을 가지므로 낮은 세기의 신호도 탐지가 가능하다. 또한 레이더 시스템에서 측정한 신호의 분석 시에는, 잡음이 존재하는 환경에서 생체 신호를 명확하게 판별하기 위해 소프트웨어 처리를 적용하여 신호의 변환 과정에서 발생하는 DC 신호와 잡음 제거를 수행하고, 적분의 도입으로 측정 시간에 따라 생체신호의 존재 여부를 결정하는 알고리듬을 적용하였다. 이로 인해 잡음이 포함될 수 있는 일반적인 환경에서의 신호 측정의 정확도 및 신뢰도 향상에 크게 이점을 갖고 종전의 분석기법보다 빠른 결과의 판단을 가능하게 하였다. 상기한 위상 배열 안테나를 이용하여 측정 구역을 나눌 수 있다. 이러한 시스템의 특성을 이용하여 0° 및 ±20°의 방향에서의 실험의 결과, 신호가 존재할 때와 존재하지 않을 때의 신호 분석의 결과 수치의 차이가 최소 5.74배 이상이었다. 실험 과정에서 사용된 알고리즘을 적용할 경우, 알고리즘을 적용하지 않았을 때보다 더 높은 정확도를 가지고 존재 유무를 판별할 수 있었고, 이러한 결과는 알고리즘의 도입의 신뢰성을 더 높게 평가할 수 있게 만들었다. 제안된 시스템은 원하는 구획 내에서 안정적으로 작은 크기의 신호를 탐지하는데 성공하였다. 본 시스템에서 적용된 DC-offset을 제거하기 위한 선형 회귀 분석, 잡음을 제거하는 사비츠키-골레이 필터링과 더불어 신호의 유무 판별을 처리하기 위해 적용되는 적분을 포함하는 알고리듬은 필요에 따라 다양한 주기의 신호 측정이 가능하므로, 이로 인해 호흡 신호, 심장 박동 등의 생체 신호뿐만 아니라 주기의 특성을 아는 여러 가지 작은 신호를 검출하는 데에 효과적인 적용이 가능하다. 이러한 특성으로 인해, 제안된 시스템은 다양한 분야에 적용이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다. 본 논문에서 제안된 시스템은 생체 신호의 탐지뿐만 아니라 작은 신호의 검출, 분석이 필요한 군사, 탐지, 보안, 보건 등의 영역에서 사용 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

      • 영상디자인의 모션 정보 전달효과에 관한 연구

        배재민 영남대학교 대학원 2013 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        정보는 이미 우리 삶에서 보편적인 개념이 되어 가까이 존재한다. 인류는 과거로부터 지속하여온 정보의 보존행위를 바탕으로 발전을 이룩하였다. 아날로그를 거쳐 디지털 시대에 들어선 현대에는 이미 정보를 제작하는 사람과 소비하는 사람의 경계가 모호해졌다. 이용자 참여가 가능한 환경이 도래하여 정보의 기록과 전달방법의 향상과 동시에 정보량이 급증하였으며 불필요한 정보가 넘쳐나게 되었다. 정보의 범람에 따른 전달력의 쇠퇴는 매체성장이 가져오는 역기능이 되었다. 본 논문은 영상디자인에서 모션을 가진 정보들의 전달력에 대한 구조와 형식을 분석하여 그 현황을 살펴보고 결과를 바탕으로 정보 디자인의 발전방향을 모색해보는 데 목적이 있다. 정보가 가지는 핵심적인 기능인 전달과 기억에 중점을 두고 선형 구조를 가진 정보 디자인 중 이용자 참여로 등장한 UCC(User created content)를 기준으로, 정보를 전달하기 위하여 적절한 편집구조를 선택하였는지를 알아보았으며 정보 기억을 돕는 표현방법도 함께 살펴보았다. 이와 같은 분석을 통해 편향된 편집구조와 정보의 사전설명 및 주제정리의 미흡, 그리고 표현방식의 다양화 부재 등 제작자와 수용자의 상호작용이 원활하게 이루어지지 않고 있다는 결과가 나왔다. 정보 디자인은 양방향으로 상호작용하는 디자인이다. 제작자는 일방적으로 정보를 담아 전달하는 것이 아니라 소통을 염두에 두어야 한다. 정보 전달 방식에 대한 진지한 고민을 거쳐 짜임새 있는 정보를 구성하고, 그 중 중요한 정보를 전달하는 방식에 관한 연구가 있어야 비로소 차별화된 정보가 탄생할 것이다. Information already became a universal concept in our life and exists close to us. Human has accomplished development based on the behavior of preserving information that has continued from the past. In the contemporary digital era after analog era, boundary between information producer and consumer has become vague. As user participation became possible, there has been improvement in records and delivery methods of information. This brought rapid increase in amount of information and we experience overflow of even unnecessary information. Decline of delivery ability due to overflow of information became the reverse function of media growth. This thesis aims to analyze structure and form of delivery ability of information with motions in image design; explore the status and explore development direction of information design based on the results. It also examined whether suitable editing structure was selected to delivery information based on the UCC(User created content) that appeared with user participation in information design with linear structure, focusing on the core function of information such as delivery and memory, along with expression method that helps memory of information. As a result of analysis, poor interaction between producer and acceptor including insufficient theme summary and prior explanation of information as well as biased editing structure, lack of diversity of expression method were identified. Information design is the design that interacts in both directions. Producer should focus on communication rather than simply carrying and delivering information unilaterally. Differentiated information can be created only when there are studies on the method of organizing and delivering robust and critical information after sincere deliberation on the type of information delivery.

      • 변화할당모형에 의한 경남지역경제의 성장효과 분석(1990-2005)

        배재민 경남대학교 대학원 2006 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        한국경제는 1960년대와 1970년대에 걸쳐 강력한 중앙집권체제를 바탕으로 정치적·경제적 효율성을 중시하여 높은 경제성장을 이룩할 수 있었다. 이는 대외지향적인 불균형 성장전략의 추진으로 경제규모를 확대하고 소득수준을 높이는 등 양적 성장을 주축으로 이룩했던 것이다. 그러나 이러한 과정에서 인구, 산업 및 소득이 몇몇 특정지역의 경제권에 지나치게 편중됨으로써 산업간은 물론 지역 간 불균형을 초래하여 내적구조의 취약성을 심화시키게 되었던 것이다. 그래서 지역의 산업활동에 많은 어려움을 주었을 뿐만 아니라 국민경제의 장기적 발전에도 제약요인으로 작용됨으로써 이를 시정하기 위한 정책연구에서 지역경제연구가 1970년대 후반에 들어서면서 본격적으로 진행되게 되었다. 또한 정부에서도 1980년대부터 지역 간 불균형을 해소하고 국민경제성장의 잠재력을 확대하기 위하여 지역경제 활성화를 위한 여러 가지 정책방안을 마련, 시행하여 왔으며 1991년 지방자치제의 실시에 따른 지방자치의 경제권 및 재정적 기반구축을 위한 지역경제 활성화가 요청되었다고 하겠다. 경남지역 역시 이러한 불균형 성장의 한 표본으로서 급성장 지역의 하나라 하겠다. 특정지역 개발방식에 의해 중점적으로 육성한 기계공업도시로, 그리고 1960년대 후반부터 국가 산업화를 위해 절대적으로 필요했던 기계공업을 국가발전전략의 일환으로 성장하게 된 도시이다. 경남지역경제에 있어서 산업구조는 제조업 중심이며, 2005년 기준으로 사업체수가 207,774개, 종업원 수는 982,650명, 부가가치는 28,267억 원으로 나타나고 있다. 그리고 제조업을 종업원 수 기준으로 자원형, 조립형, 자본집약형, 노동집약형, 기타 특수형으로 구분할 경우, 음식료품과 비금속 광물을 포함하는 자원형 산업은 각각 6.15%와 3.23%이며, 조립·금속·금속제품·기계 및 장비를 포함하는 조립형 산업은 32.37%를 차지하고 있다. 그리고 1차 금속 및 화학 제품 등을 포함하는 자본집약형 산업은 각각 4.94%와 1.95%를 차지하고 있다. 따라서 경남지역의 산업구조는 조립·금속·금속제품·기계 및 장비를 중심으로 한 조립형 산업이 주류를 이루고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 경남지역 제조업 부문에 대한 변화할당모형에서 1990년부터 2005년까지 15년간으로 한정하되 5년 단위로 구분하여 성장성과를 계측하며 부가가치와 종업원 수를 분석의 기준 지표로 삼았다. 또한 편의상 1991년부터 1995년 기간을 제1기, 1996년부터 2000년 기간을 제2기, 2001년부터 2005년 기간을 제3기, 그리고 1991년부터 2005년을 전기로 나누어 분석하여 보았는데, 경남지역은 부가가치 성장효과는 지역경쟁력을 통한 지역할당효과보다는 국가적 기여에 의한 국가적 성장효과와 산업구조적 효과가 더 크다는 사실을 알 수 있었고, 고용 성장효과는 지역경쟁력 효과나 국가적 성장효과보다는 산업구조적 성장효과가 더 크다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 이는 지방자치단체의 경쟁력이 취약함을 보여주는 것으로서 앞으로 이 지역이 국가 의존적 형태에서 벗어나 장기적인 발전을 위해서 자립형 지역경제 구조를 마련할 필요성이 있다고 하겠다. 그리고 기계 중심 도시지만 지역경제의 경쟁력확보를 위해서는 기계의 한 부문만을 육성할 것이 아니라 이에 연관된 산업부문에 대해서도 동시에 관심과 지속적 투자를 아끼지 말아야 할 것이다. Korean economy grew by leaps and bounds by attaching much importance to political and economic efficiency on the basis of the powerful centralized authoritarian rule in the 1960s and 1970s. With the help of unbalanced development strategics for export, Korea could expand its economic size, and enhance its income standards by concentrating on quantitative growth. However it was this process that caused the population, the industry and income to be lope-sided and that accelerated the vulnerability of interior structure by creating unbalance among the regions. That was why this added much hardship to the industrial activities of the regions and served as a great restraint on the long-term development of the national economy. It was not until the late 1970s that studies of regional economy proceeded in earnest with a view to remove it. The government came up with a variety of policy measures for the sake of removing imbalance between regions and activating regional economy from the 1980s. And the implementation of the local autonomy system in 1991 called for the activation of regional economies for the construction of local economic and financial bases. The regions in Gyeongnam Province were one of the rapidly grown ones as a representative of such an imbalance. They were machinery-industrial cities developed by a strategics for promoting certain regions as they were needed as a part of the national plan for industrialization since the 1960s. The industrial structure in Gyeongnam Province focuses on the manufacture industry with the number of the businesses as of 2005 coming to 207,774 and the number of the employees totalling 982,650 persons and value added coming to 2,826.7 billion won. In case the manufacture industry is divided into resource pattern, assembly one, capital intensive one, labor intensive one and other special ones, the resource industry including food and nonmetal minerals accounts for 6.15% and 3.23%, respectively and the labor-intensive industry including the primary mental and chemistry products accounts for 4.94% and 1.95%, respectively. It was shown that the industrial structure in Gyeongnam Province is mainly composed of the assembly-pattern industry involving assembly, mental, mental products, machinery and equipment. In accordance with the shift-share analysis of the manufacture industry in the province, the researcher focused on the past 15 years ranging from 1990 to 2005, dividing the period into three five-year ones for the estimation of growth and regarding value added and the number of the employees as a standard index. For convenience sake, the period ranging from 1991 to 1995 was referred to as the first period, the period ranging from 1996 to 2000 as the second period, and the period ranging from 2001 to 2005 as the third period, and the period ranging from 1991 to 2005 as the whole period. The survey shows that the province made the national development effect and the industrial mix effects more powerful than regional share effects in terms of the grow effects of value added and that it made the industrial mix grow effects more powerful than the regional competitive effects or national grow effects. As this shows signs of the vulnerability of the competitiveness of the local governments, it is absolutely necessary that these areas should break away from its heavy dependence on the central government and construct self-independent regional economic structures for the sake of long-term development. Although the regions focus on machinery, they should foster not only machinery but also relevant industrial areas though consistent interest and continuous investment.

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