寒冷抗體에 關한 硏究

朴在德 中央醫學社 1940 中央醫學 Vol.9 No.5

It has already been recognized that cold antibody is one of the important sources of error in blood grouping. Cold antibodies are so powerful that it is impossible to perform ABO grouping except at body temperature or even at higher than body temperature, when the patient's serum is cross-matched against the bloods of prospective donors for the purpose of blood transfusion since serum containing of the cold antibody can clump any human blood. Little had been added to our understanding of cold antibodies since Landsteiner, in 1903, gave the first adequate description of the phenomenon in animals. The serologic characteristics distinguishing cold antibody from other types of antibody' has well established and may be summarized as follows; 1) Agglutination of red cells by serum containing cold antibody can be demonstrated best between 0-6°C., and practically never at 37?C. 2) The agglutination may be reversed by warming at 37°C., and reappears on cooling. This process may be repeated without apparent damage to the red cells. 3) Antibody can be exhausted by repeated absorption in cold and released by rewarming. 4) The cold antibody is not inactivated by heating to 56?C. for 30 minutes., 5) The antibody survives in cold storage with only slight decrease in strength for periods ranging from 3 weeks to one year or more. 6) The antibody is active against human red cells of any human red cells of any group and against animal cells of many unrelated species. But, the occurrence of cold antibodies in normal healthy human beings has not been studied thoroughly. On the other hand, the association of cold antibodies with a variety of clinical conditions has been the subject of numerous reports. From the literature it appears that cold antibodies are found with a high degree of frequency only in primary atypical pneumonia and in trypanosomiasis, although pathogenetic relationship has not been established. The presence of cold antibodies in various types of acquired hemolytic anemia has been widely reported, but the diversity of hematologic pictures and the infrequency of occurrence of cold antibodies make analysis of the relationship difficult. Complicated instances are the occurrence of cold antibodies along with irregular cold iso-antibodies, or serum giving both strong pseudoagglutination and autoagglutination. According to Landsteiner's rule those irregular cold autoantibodies are present in the serum for which the corresponding agglutinogens are absent from the cells. While the occurrence of irregular iso-antibodies in normal human sera has been known for a long time, the first systematic studies were made by Landsteiner and Levine, and by Thomsen. The fact that among normal individuals, irregular iso-antibodies, when present at all, are weak and usually act only in the cold, has caused some to confuse them with the non-specific cold antibodies, which also act best in the cold and which are often present in the same sera. Despite the close association and overlapping between the two sorts of antibodies, a distinction can often be made because typical autoagglutinins react about equally well with all human bloods, while the cold iso-agglutinins act only most intensely on certain bloods, and the latter can usually be separated by suitable absorption. In the present study an attempt is made to know the distribution of potent cold antibodies in healthy donors and in patients and to study the characteristics of cold antibodies. The results are summarized as follows: 1. 19 cases or 0. 28%a in a series of 6,814 patient's blood samples exhibited auto-agglutination at room temperature. 2. 16 cases or 0. 11% in a series of 12,602 professional donors showed the presence of cold antibodies at room temperature. 3. On the other hand, titers of 6 cases among 11 atypical pneumonia were 64 units or higher than that units. 4. In winter time, the high incidence of potent cold antibodies were found in this study. 5. Incomplete antibodies were recognized by studying the characteristics. Incomplete antibodies appeared to be not easily eluted from the cells at 37?C. In carrying out Coombs test in such cases, therefore, cells and serum was warmed to 37° C. or higher than 37?C. . The most powerful cold antibodies required 6 absorptions with equal volumes of the donor's or patient's own cells before it was sufficiently weakened for further testing to be feasible. 6. Author experienced a few interesting cases whose sera reacted as direct Coombs positive as well as Cardiolipin positive and showed high cold antibody titers with the character of incomplete cold antibodies. 7. It was appeared that cold antibodies has the electrophoretic mobility of gamma globulin. 8. Author experienced each one case of a1 and a2 specific irregular cold antibody.

포켓 도시미터(엑스감마 직독식 선량계)의 후방산란 평가

박재덕,채하석 대한방사선방어학회 2019 대한방사선방어학회 학술발표회 논문요약집 Vol.2019 No.11

정순칙의 「중산동원팔경시」로 본 오키나와의 경관

박재덕,이성혜 동아시아일본학회 2018 일본문화연구 Vol.0 No.65

본고는 오키나와 지역의 아름다운 경관을 정순칙이 노래한 「중산동원팔경시」로 확인하고, 이를 관광자원화 할 필요성을 제기하고자 집필되었다. 자연경관은 장소가 같고 주변 상황이 크게 변하지 않았다면 옛사람이 느끼는 정취나 지금 사람이 느끼는 정취가 별반 다르지 않을 것이다. 하지만 보다 더 의미 있는 것은 옛사람이 느꼈던 아름다운 장소에서 세월과 함께 변한 경관 혹은 시간이 흘러도 변하지 않는 모습을 바라보며 역사를 반추하는 것은 그 자체로 의미가 있다고 본다. 이는 고전을 통한 현대의 이해일 뿐만 아니라, 역사의 이해이며, 지역에 대한 이해와 애정이다. 다만 본 논문은 정순칙이 노래한 「중산동원팔경시」가 제대로 평가된 적이 없으므로 그 가치를 제시하여 오키나와 관광지에 활용될 수 있다는 의미만을 제기하고자 하였으며 그 구체적인 활용방안은 다음 과제로 삼고자 하였다. 그러나 한 가지 방안을 제시하면, 「중산동원팔경시」와 관련한 장소에 팻말 등의 형식에 해당 시를 적어 관광객이 경관과 함께 음미해보도록 하는 것이다.

국산 열형광선량계(IJn110, LiF:Mg.Cu,Si)의 Type Test 결과

박재덕 대한방사선방어학회 2016 대한방사선방어학회 학술발표회 논문요약집 Vol.2016 No.12

국산 Personal Alarm Ddosimeter 방향의존성 Type Test 결과

박재덕,채하석,이준희,김재민 대한방사선방어학회 2015 대한방사선방어학회 학술발표회 논문요약집 Vol.2015 No.04

국산 열형광선량계(IJn110, LiF:Mg.Cu,Si)의 Type Test 결과

박재덕,채하석,한종린,황우식,이은정,임혜경 대한방사선방어학회 2014 대한방사선방어학회 학술발표회 논문요약집 Vol.2014 No.04

程順則의 「中山東苑八景詩」로 본 오키나와의 경관

朴在德,李聖惠 동북아시아문화학회 2017 동북아시아문화학회 국제학술대회 발표자료집 Vol.2017 No.10

Tumor-originated pH-responsive nanovaccine mixture to treat heterogeneous tumors

박재덕,이은솔,Lee Eun Seong 한국약제학회 2022 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.52 No.6

Purpose This study was aimed to develop a tumor-originated extracellular vesicle (EV)-based vaccine mixture with a pHresponsive ability to treat various tumors. Methods The EVs vaccine mixture consisted of different EVs (MEVs extracted from MDA-MB-231 tumor cells and HEVs extracted from HepG2 tumor cells) encoded with a pH-responsive moiety (HDEA), Toll-like receptor 4 ligand (TLR4), and tumor-targeting vaccine antigen (MUC1 antigen for targeting MDA-MB-231 cells and WT1 antigen for targeting HepG2 cells) using the sonication. The physicochemical properties and in vitro/in vivo antitumor efficacy of the developed EVs mixture were characterized. Results The EVs vaccine mixtures were efficiently internalized to dendritic cells (DCs) via hyaluronic acid (HA)-mediated CD44 receptor binding and TLR4-mediated signaling on the DCs surface. In particular, the internalized EVs vaccine mixture released MUC1 and WT1 antigens by HDEA-mediated vesicle destabilization at acidic endosomal pH, resulting in increasing the antitumor effect on both MDA-MB-231 and HepG2 tumor cells. Conclusion We demonstrated the antitumor activity of EVs vaccine mixture in in vitro/in vivo tumor model studies. These results indicate that EVs vaccine mixture can provide an effective immunotherapy strategy for heterogeneous tumors.

극좌표 기반 투과 매트릭스 방법을 이용한 다중모드 광섬유 출력단에서의 빛의 세기 분포 제어

박재덕,조재필,윤종희,염동일 한국광학회 2022 한국광학회지 Vol.33 No.6

We have conducted a study to control the light-intensity distribution at the output end of a multimode optical fiber via estimating the transmissionmatrix. A circularly arranged Hadamard eigenmode phase distribution was implemented using a spatial light modulator, and the transmission matrixof a multimode optical fiber was experimentally obtained using a four-phase method. Based on the derived transmission matrix, the spatial phase distribution of light incident upon the optical fiber was adjusted via the spatial light modulator in advance, to focus the light at a desired position at the optical fiber output. The light could be focused with an intensity up to 359.6 times as high as that of the surrounding background signal at a specific position of the multimode fiber’s output end, and the intensity of the focused beam was on average 104.6 times as large as that of the background signal, across the area of the multimode fiber’s core.

유년부 / 우리교회 부활절은 이렇게

박재덕 기독교대한성결교회 활천사 1980 활천 Vol.391 No.-