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낙동강수계 3단계 광역시,도 경계지점 목표수질 설정을 위한 관리권역 및 관리목표 설정 방법 연구
황하선 ( Hasun Hwang ),박지형 ( Jihyung Park ),김용석 ( Yongseok Kim ),류덕희 ( Doughee Rhew ),최유진 ( Yujin Choi ),이성준 ( Sungjun Lee ) 한국물환경학회 2015 한국물환경학회지 Vol.31 No.5
The current Total Pollution Load Control (TPLC) sets the Target Water Quality (TWQ) by utilizing the delivery ratio, unit loads, and water quality modeling, it also allocates the watershed’s permitted discharge load. Currently, common target pollutants of every unit watershed in TPLC are BOD and T-P. This study has reviewed the 1th and 2th of TWQ setting process for the Nakdong River 3th TWQ setting in Total Pollution Load Control (TPLC). As a result of review, 1th and 2th were divided into one management basin (mulgeum) for setting management goals. However, 3th was divided into six management basins (mulgeum, gnagjeong, geumho river, nam river, miryang river, end of nakdong river). The principle of management goal setting were to achieve the objective criteria of Medium Areas for the linkage of the water environment management policy. And Anti-Degredation (principle of preventing deterioration) were applied to the 3th TWQ. Also, additional indicators were considered in accordance with the reduction scenarios for the final management goals.
하천망분석도(KRF)의 활용성 증대를 위한 공간데이터 구조 개선에 관한 연구
송현오 ( Hyunoh Song ),이혁 ( Hyuk Lee ),강태구 ( Taegu Kang ),김경현 ( Kyunghyun Kim ),이재관 ( Jaekwan Lee ),류덕희 ( Doughee Rhew ),정동일 ( Dongil Jung ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2016 한국물환경학회지 Vol.32 No.6
National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER) has developed the Korean Reach File (KRF) for scientific and systematic analysis of variables related to water quality, pollutant sources and aquatic ecosystems in consideration of steam reach networks. The KRF provides a new framework for data production, storage, management and analysis for water related variables in the relation with spatial characteristics, connections, and topologies of stream reaches. However, the current version of KRF (ver.2) has a limited applicability because its nodes include not only the stream points based on topological characteristics but also those based on water quality monitoring stations, which may undermine its generality. In this study, a new version of KRF (ver.3) was designed and established to overcome the weak point of the version 2. The version 3 is a generalization of the old KRF graphic data and it integrates the attribute data while separating it from the graphic data to minimize additional work that is needed for data association and search. We tested the KRF (ver.3) by applying it to actual cases and its convenience and adaptability for each particular application was verified. Further research should focus on developing a database link model and real-world applications that are targeted to process event data.
하림 ( Rim Ha ),남기범 ( Gibeom Nam ),박상현 ( Sanghyun Park ),강태구 ( Taegu Kang ),신현주 ( Hyunjoo Shin ),김경현 ( Kyunghyun Kim ),류덕희 ( Doughee Rhew ),이혁 ( Hyuk Lee ) 대한원격탐사학회 2017 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.33 No.2
피코시아닌(phycocyanin, PC) 색소는 부영양화 된 담수역에서의 남조류를 정량하는 지표로 활용된다. 남조류의 대발생에 의한 잠재적 위험성으로인해 조기 경보 발령이 중요하지만, 혼탁한 수체 내 소량으로 추정되는 PC 농도를 정확하게 산정하는 것은 분광학적으로 매우 복잡하고 어렵다. 이를 위해 현장에서 측정 된 원격반사도로부터 PC 및 물 이외의 입자성 물질에 의한 흡수계수를 분리하여 기존 PC 농도를 추정하는 방법을 개선하여 낮은 농도에서도 향상 된 결과를 보였다. 본 연구에서 제안 된 IOPs 변환 모델 적용 결과 PC 흡수계수 R<sup>2</sup>는 0.8 이상으로 a<sub>pc</sub>(620)를 적절히 재현하였다. 또한 알고리즘은 기존 널리 사용되는 반경험적 알고리즘에 비해 0.71 ≤ R<sup>2</sup> ≤ 0.85, rRMSE ≤ 39.4 %, 그리고 RE ≤ 78.0 %로 정확도 높은 결과를 보였다. 특히, PC 농도가 50 mg/m<sup>3</sup> 이하 및 PC: Chl-a ratio가 낮은 조건에서도 잘 예측됨을 확인할 수 있었다. The phycocyanin pigment (PC) is a marker for cyanobacterial presence in eutrophic inland water. Accurate estimation of low PC concentration in turbid inland water is challenging due to the optical complexity and critical for issuing an early warning of potential risks of cyanobacterial bloom to the public. To monitor cyanobacterial bloom in eutrophic inland waters, an approach is proposed to partition nonwater absorption coefficient from measured reflectance and to retrieve absorption coefficient of PC with the aim of improving the accuracy in remotely estimated PC, in particular for low concentrations. The proposed inversion model retrieves absorption spectra of PC (a<sub>pc</sub>(λ)) with R<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0.8 for a<sub>pc</sub>(620). The algorithm achieved more accurate Chl-a and PC estimation with 0.71 ≤ R<sup>2</sup> ≤ 0.85, relative root mean square error (rRMSE) ≤ 39.4 % and mean relative error (RE) ≤ 78.0 % than the widely used semi-empirical algorithm for the same dataset. In particular, low PC (PC ≤ 50 mg/m<sup>3</sup>) and low PC: Chl-a ratio values of for all datasets used in this study were well predicted by the proposed algorithm.
노성유 ( Seongyu Noh ),신유나 ( Yuna Shin ),최희락 ( Heelak Choi ),이재윤 ( Jaeyoon Lee ),이재안 ( Jaean Lee ),류덕희 ( Doughee Rhew ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2015 환경영향평가 Vol.24 No.3
환경변화(체류 시간)에 따른 조류발생기작 및 이동특성 연구를 위해 현장규모 모의실험장치를 제작하여 낙동강 수계의 강정·고령보를 대상으로 체류 시간에 따른 조류발생 및 이동특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 현장규모 모의실험장치는 조류배양의 효율성 및 조류성장 관찰의 편리성 등을 고려하여 투명아크릴로 제작하였다(직경 1 m, 높이 4 m, 가변형 원통수조, 3 sets). 빛 차단장치, 수심별 유입장치, 재이용수저류조 등의 부대시설을 설치하였다. 본 연구에서 체류 시간 조건은 2일(보설치 전, 실험조 1), 8일(보설치 후 2013년 체류 시간, 실험조 2), 30일(2014년 체류 시간, 실험조 3)로 선정하였다. 실험결과, 실험조별 수온은 실험조 1에서는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으며 실험조 3에서는 표층(0 m)과 저층(4 m) 간 약 3℃ 이상의 차이를 보였다. 용존산소(DO), pH 변화 분석 결과 모든 실험조에서 표층 0 m에서 저수심(2 m, 4 m) 보다 상대적으로 높은 값을 보였다. 영양염류(TN, PO4-P)는 모든 실험조에서 부영양 상태를 나타냈다. Chlorophyll-a 분석 결과 실험조 1은 평균 19.8 μg/L, 실험조 2는 평균 35.0 μg/L, 실험조 3은 평균36.6 μg/L로 실험조 1 보다 실험조 2, 3에서 약 2배 높은 농도를 나타냈다. 따라서 환경 요인 중 체류 시간은 식물플랑크톤 발생에 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다. Pilot scale system was designed to identify the growth and movement of algae, depending on environmental changes(retention time, nutrient concentration, etc) in Gangjeong- Goryeong Weir of the Nakdong River. Considering the stability of algal culture and easy observation of algal growth, pilot scale system was made of transparent acrylic material(3 sets of flexible cylindrical water tanks with 1 m diameter and 4 m height). Auxiliary equipments include light intercepter, water inflow device for different water depth and storage of reclaimed water. The retention time was 2 days(before construction of weir; treatment 1), 8 days(after construction of weir, 2013; treatment 2) and 30 days(2014; treatment 3). According to the water temperature of treatment 1 were similar by depth, treatment 3 showed a difference between the surface(0 m) and bottom(4 m) more than 3 °C. DO, pH showed relatively high in the surface than the bottom. Nutrients showed eutrophic condition in all experiments. The Chlrophyll-a concentration of the treatment 1 showed a relatively lower value than the Chlrophylla concentration of the treatment 2 and 3. Therefore, the retention time was considered to influence the growth of phytoplankton.
가축분뇨로부터 struvite 결정화에 의한 질소 (N), 인 (P) 회수 및 자원화 방안 고찰
류홍덕 ( Hong-duck Ryu ),안기홍 ( Ki Hong Ahn ),정유진 ( Eu Gene Chung ),김용석 ( Yongseok Kim ),류덕희 ( Doughee Rhew ) 한국환경과학회 2017 한국환경과학회지 Vol.26 No.1
This study evaluated the feasibility of recovering and recycling nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from livestock excreta as struvite (MgNH<sub>4</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O) in South Korea. Our experimental results showed that struvite precipitation was a very effective way to recover N and P from livestock excreta. Moreover, our study demonstrated that struvite precipitates from livestock excreta (SPL) contain higher concentrations of N, P, and magnesium (Mg) as compared to compost and liquid manure from livestock excreta. In addition, although SPL contain high concentrations of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), they meet the fertilizer criteria for concentrations of heavy metals. In South Korea, SPL cannot currently be used as a fertilizer due to legal constraints. Legal permission for SPL use would offer greater choice in livestock excreta management. In conclusion, recovery and recycling of N and P from livestock excreta as struvite can be an effective tool for managing nutrients in livestock excreta.
가축분뇨실태조사를 위한 우선 조사 대상지역 선정 방안 도출
류홍덕 ( Hong Duck Ryu ),박배경 ( Bae Kyung Park ),정유진 ( Eu Gene Chung ),안기홍 ( Ki Hong Ahn ),최원식 ( Won Sik Choi ),김용석 ( Yongseok Kim ),류덕희 ( Doughee Rhew ) 한국환경과학회 2015 한국환경과학회지 Vol.24 No.8
The purposes of this study were to suggest the methodology to select prior areas in the environmental pollution survey for livestock excreta (EPSLE) as well as to elucidate the validity of the methodology. In this study, the prior areas in the EPSLE were determined by examining the number of compost facilities categorized according to the three levels of size including the basin, the sub-basin and the watershed, respectively, based on the data from “Annual Nation-wide Pollution Sources Survey (2012)”. The results suggested that the list of prior basins were Nakdong, Geum, Youngsan and Han river basins in order. Also, it was examined that the prior sub-basins in the four river basins including Nakdong, Geum, Youngsan and Han rivers were Naesung Stream, Geumgang Gongju, Juam Dam and Namhan Downstream, respectively. The prior watersheds in the sub-basins of Naesung stream, Geumgang Gongju, Juam Dam and Namhan Downstream were Seocheon Downstream, Geum Stream, Gyeombaek Suwipyo and Yanghwa Stream, respectively. The validity of the methodology used in this study was elucidated by analyzing the correlation of the number of compost facilities with the concentrations of T-N and T-P observed in the end-points of sub-basins. The results of correlation analysis showed that the concentrations of T-N and T-P increased with the number of compost facilities. Specifically, there was the stronger correlation between the number of compost facilities and the concentrations of T-N than that for T-P. Consequently, it was proved that the methodology used in this work was valid and rational for the selection of prior areas in environmental pollution survey for EPSLE.