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계면활성제 용액의 미셀형성에 있어 FT - PGSE 의 응용
남기대,최성옥 한국유화학회 1999 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.16 No.1
계면활성제는 수용액에서 미셀을 형성함에 있어서 자기확산이 분자 운동과 상변화에 대하여 자세한 정보를 제공하고 공업적으로 응용할 수 있는 기술이 점차 증가하고 있다. 계면활성제가 미셀을 형성함에 있어 자기확산 정도는 화학구조의 변화성과 상호 결합 및 회합현상에 매우 민감한 것은 사실이다. 특히 계면활성제 용액의 넓은 범위의 분자 시스템과 콜로이드 상태의 변화성은 다향한 물리, 화학적 성질에 기여됨이 많다. 더욱이 미셀 형성에서 자기확산 계수는 분자 치환에 직간접적으로 상호관계가 있어 NMR 분광학에서 스핀 이완속도의 해석과 분자의 재배열, 스핀 이완에 대한 모델선정 등에 많은 관심을 갖는다. 그중 미셀형성에 있어서 자기확산에 대한 측정 방법중 가장 많이 이용되고 있는 Fourier Transform Pulsed Gradient Spin Echo(FT-PGSE) 측정법은 계면활성제의 미셀형성에 대한 상변화성 및 물리, 화학적 성질을 다루는데 새로운 도구로 제공되고 있다. 이는 이 계통의 기술적 측정방법에 있어서 적절한 개선과 새로운 응용분야를 확장하는데 있어서 많은 가능성을 갖고있다. 그리하여 이들에 대한 역사적 배경과 기초적인 이론을 가지고 미셀 형성에 있어 자기확산에 대한 개념을 말하고 그에 대한 응용성을 계통적으로 설명하고자 한다.
비이온성 계면활성제의 합성에 관한 연구 (제3보). 슈크로오스에스테르의 합성에 관한 동력학적 고찰
남기대,손주환,Ki Dae Nam,Joo Hwan Sohn 대한화학회 1981 대한화학회지 Vol.25 No.4
The reaction rates for the transesterification reaction were measured on the excess sucrose with the five fatty acid methyl ester systems such as methyl laurate, methyl myristate, methyl palmitate, methyl stearate and methyl oleate at temperature range of $50^{\circ}C$ to $90^{\circ}C$ in N,N-dimethylformamide solvent and potassium carbonate as a catalyst. Their activation parameters as well as rate constants were calculated from these measurements. And these reactions were found to be pseudo-first order and depended mainly on the structural changes in fatty acid residue of methyl esters. Also their reactions were found to be of enthalpy-controlled, which were disfavored in the order of methyl laurate, methyl myristate, methyl palmitate, methyl oleate and methyl stearate. Correspondingly their activation energies were 9.3, 9.9, 10.3, 10.9 and 11.1 kcal/mole, respectively. N,N-디메틸포름아미드용매내 반응온도 50∼$90^{\circ}C$범위에서 과량의 슈크로오스와 라우르산, 미리스트산, 팔미트산, 스테아르산 그리고 올레산등 5종의 지방산 메틸에스테르와의 에스테르 교환반응에서 반응속도를 측정하여 반응속도정수, 활성화파라미터등을 구하여 고찰하였다. 이 반응은 본 실험범위내에서 유사 1차반응으로 진행하고 반응의 순서는 주로 메틸에스테르의 지방산기의 구조변화에 의존하면 라우르산메틸, 미리스트산메틸, 팔미트산메틸 올레산메틸 그리고 스테아르산 메틸의 순으로 반응되기 힘들어지는 엔탈피조절반응이라 생각된다. 한편 이들 각각의 활성화에너지는 9.3, 9.9, 10.3, 10.9 그리고 11.1 kcal/mole이 얻어졌다.
고분자(高分子) 계면활성제(界面活性劑)에 관한 연구(硏究) 3 : 알릴에스테르 α-술폰 지방산(脂肪酸) 고분자(高分子) 화합물(化合物)의 합성(合成)
남기대,정노희,노승호 한국유화학회 1989 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.6 No.2
Allyl aliphatic carboxylates were synthesized by azotropic reaction with benzene between allyl alcohol and capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid or stearic acid respectively. allyl aliphatic carboxylates oligomers were prepared from polymerization giving allyl aliphatic carvboxylates in the presence of potassium persulfate in methanol, and the α-sulfonation of these five allyl aliphatic carboxylates oligomers were carried by direct addition of dry sulfur trioxide. Especially, molecular weights of fatty acid alylester oligomers and their sodium salts of α-sulfo fatty acid allylester oligomers were measured by boiling point method.
남기대,최재효,김상춘 충북대학교 산업과학기술연구소 1991 산업과학기술연구 논문집 Vol.5 No.1
The shortage of water resources is expected to be more serious with the rapid increase in population and the industrialization. Many darns have been constructed and several downs is scheduled to construct additionally for the increased water demand, however, it is hard to guarantee safe water supply due to the local hydrologic characteristics. Water conservation is a desirable alternative for deficit water resources. Water conservation can also reduce the quantity of wastewater as well as energy, which results the reduction of environmental impact loads. Various water conservation technologies have been developed and some are avaible to use in buildings and houses. The important things for water conservation as of today are to develop water conservation plans, and programs. It is to be desired that central and local government should encourage the construction and water facility companies and private consumers to participate in water conservation programs by giving them a special favors of financing or tariff.
페놀 및 파라크레졸 발수의 전기화학적 처리에 관한 연구
남기대,권수한,김홍수 충북대학교 건설기술연구소 1991 建設技術論文集 Vol.10 No.1
The electrochemical oxidation of phenol and p-cresol tar water treatment application was investigated an platinum anode. At the cyclic voltammetry, it was observed that nagative shift of peak potential of phenol and p-cresol as the pH of electrolytes increases and the peak current showed higher at strong electrolytes than weak electrolytes. In the case, of phenol the optimum electrode potential of controlled potential electrolysis was observed at peak potential region of cyclic voltammogram, but the conversion rate of p-cresol was showed at the lower potential than oxidation potential by the oxide adsorption.
백금전극에 의한 p-methoxyphenol 의 양극산화 특성
남기대,김홍수,조경행,이정균 충북대학교 산업과학기술연구소 1991 산업과학기술연구 논문집 Vol.5 No.1
Graft copolymerization of 4-vinylpyridine onto CA membrane was carried out in an aqueous medium by using ceric ammonium nitrate(CAN) as an initiator. The optmium condition for the graft copolymerization were 60℃; pretreatment and grafting 6 hours respectively; initiator concentration 0.03mol/L; pH 1; when the monomer concentration was 0.4mo1/L. Transport of phenol on aqueos solution through a porous membrane made by graft copolymerization was studied. the permeabilities of each phenol concentration were showed 250mg/L 1.1859×10^(-4) cm/sec, 500mg/L 1.0492×10^(-4)cm/sec and 1000mg/L 0.8597×10^(-4)cm/sec respectively. Permeability of phenol through the CA-g-poly(4-VP) membrane was better than through the pure CA membrane and was best in the graft 97% and showed the best selectivity in pH 7 rather than in pH 3 and pH 11. Thus, acid·base interactions between phenol moleculates and pyridine residues would be much more important than electrostatic interactions between phenolate ions and the pyridine residues.
남기대,김태영,정환경,윤영균 한국유화학회 1998 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.15 No.1
A series of long chain N-acyl amino acid type anionic surfactants were prepared by treating fatty acid chlorides with three kinds of amino acids, that is, sodium N-acyl-sarcosinates, sodium N-acyl-N-methyl-β-alaninates and sodium N-acyl-N-methyl-taurates in an alkaline solution. All prepared biodegradable surfactants were purified by thin layer chromatography and column chromatography, and identified their structures by spectral analysis.