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2009년 학동 전기 소아에서 알레르기질환의 유병률과 위험인자
김영휘 ( Young Hui Kim ),엄상화 ( Sang Hwa Urm ),김우경 ( Woo Kyung Kim ) 대한소아알레르기호흡기학회(구 대한소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회) 2011 소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회지 Vol.21 No.3
Purpose: In Korea, there have been many epidemiologic studies about allergic diseases of school children, but so far only a few studies of preschool children have been done. Research on preschool children will be a great help to understand the epidemiology of the allergic diseases in the pediatric population. In this perspective, we researched the prevalence and risk factors of allergic diseases in preschool children in Jung-gu, Seoul. Methods: A modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire survey was done on 917 (male, 492; female, 425) preschool children in Jung-gu area of Seoul in June, 2009. Parents or caregivers answered the questionnaires that asked about the prevalence of allergic diseases and the risk factors. Results: For asthma, the prevalence of "wheeze, ever", "diagnosis" and "treatment, last 12 months" were 18.4%, 5.8% and 2.8%, respectively. For allergic rhinitis (AR), the prevalence of "rhinitis, ever", "diagnosis" and "treatment, last 12 months" were 31.8%, 16.2% and 12.9%, respectively. For atopic dermatitis (AD), the prevalence of "itchy rash, ever", "diagnosis" and "treatment, last 12 months" were 26.1%, 34.3% and 19.0%, respectively. The risk factors of asthma were cesarean section delivery, use of antibiotics and history of bronchiolitis before the age of 2 years. The risk factor of AR was history of asthma. The risk factor of AD was parent allergy. Conclusion: In comparison to preceding studies of preschool children in Seoul, the prevalence of allergic diseases is similar. In comparison to the studies of school children, the prevalence of AR was lower and the prevalence of AD was higher. [Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis(Korea) 2011;21:165-175]
ATM 네트워크에서 가상 경로의 동적 대역 관리를 위한 최적화 모델의 비교
송진화(Jin Hwa Song),김영휘(Young Hui Kim),강충구(Chung Gu Kang) 한국정보과학회 1999 정보과학회논문지 : 시스템 및 이론 Vol.26 No.1
ATM 네트워크에서 다양한 트래픽 특성과 QoS 요구사항을 갖는 멀티미디어 서비스의 종단간 품질을 만족시키면서 망 자원을 효율적으로 이용하기 위해서는 가상경로(virtual path: VP)의 적절한 배치 및 대역 할당을 통한 논리적 망의 구성, 호 접속 시의 동적 경로 설정, 그리고 그와 연계된 효율적인 동적 대역 관리가 필수적으로 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 새로운 호가 시도될 때 논리적 망의 설계에서 설정된 가상경로의 대역으로 호의 품질 요구사항을 만족 시킬 수 없거나 또는 미리 설정해 놓은 가상경로 연결(VP Connection)이 존재하지 않을 경우에, 물리적 링크의 잔여 용량을 기반으로 적절한 가상경로를 선택하여 용량을 재조정하기 위한 최적 관리 모델로서 MHR (Minimum Hop Route), MCR (Maximum Capacity Route), 그리고 MRCR (MaxMin Residual Capacity Route) 방식을 제안하고 이에 대한 최적화 정식을 제안하였다. 제안된 각 최적화 모델에 대한 해를 노드의 수가 m인 네트워크에서 O(m²)의 복잡도를 구할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제시하고, 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안된 최적화 모델이 망의 성능에 미치는 영향을 평균 호 차단률, 평균 이용 링크의 수, 그리고 노드 쌍간의 호 차단률의 분산 등에 의해 망 운용의 효율성과 공평성 등을 비교 분석하였다. As it is required to maximize the utilization of the network resources while meeting the end-to-end QoS requirements for the multimedia services with the varying traffic characteristics and QoS requirements in the ATM networks, optimal design of the logical network via VP (virtual path) layout and bandwidth allocation, dynamic VP routing, and the dynamic management of overall bandwidth in conjunction with all these issues are the essential elements in the operation of ATM networks. This paper proposes three different optimization models for dynamic bandwidth management of virtual paths, which allow for selecting an appropriate route to adjust the corresponding bandwidth or establishing a new route when neither any of the pre-established VP connections can meet the QoS requirements nor there exists any VP connection at the time of call setup. This paper provides the problem formulation for the proposed optimization models and furthermore, the individual algorithms for these models, which can be implemented with a complexity of order O(m²) for the network of m nodes. Operational efficiency and fairness of the proposed optimization models are compared by the simulative studies in terms of the average call blocking probability, the average number of utilized links, and the variance of the call blocking probabilities among all node pairs.