Ketamine의 뇌(腦) Norepinephrine함량(含量)과 혈장(血漿) Corticosterone치(値) 변동(變動)에 미치는 Reserpine과 Cocaine의 영향(影響)

김양숙(Yang Sook Kim),김학열( Hak Ryul Kim),천연숙(Yun Sook Cheon) 대한약리학회 1983 대한약리학잡지 Vol.19 No.1

Ketamine이 백서(白鼠)의 전뇌(全腦)와 심장조직중(心臟組織中)의 NE함량(含量)과 혈장(血漿) corticosterone치(値) 변동(變動)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 관찰(觀察)하고 아울러 reserpine 및 cocaine을 전처치(前處置)하고 ketamine의 효과(效果)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 비교(比較) 검토(檢討)하고 다음과 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. 1) 정상(正常) mouse에 ketamine 5mg, 10mg, 20mg 및 40m1/kg를 각각(各各) 투여(投與)한 후(後) 30분(分)에 측정(測定)한 혈장(血漿) corticosterone치(値)는 약물(藥物)의 투여양(投與量) 증가(增加)에 따라서 점차적으로 상승(上昇)되며, 20mg/kg와 40mg/kg에서는 더욱 현저(顯著)하였다. 2) ketamine은 투여후(投與後) 30분(分) 및 60분(分)에 전뇌(全腦)와 심장조직중(心臟組織中)의 NE함량(含量)을 감소(減少)시켰다. 3) ketamine에 의(依)한 혈장(血漿) corticosterone치(値)는 reserpine 36시간(時間) 전처치(前處置)로 감소(減少)되는 경향(傾向)을 보였고, cocaine 15분(分) 전처치(前處置)로는 별(別) 변화(變化)를 볼 수 없었다. 4) ketamine에 의(依)한 전뇌(全腦)와 심장조직중(心臟組織中)의 NE함량(含量)은 reserpine 전처치(前處置)로 감소(減少)되는 경향(傾向)을 보였고, cocaine 전처치(前處置)로는 증가(增加)되는 경향(傾向)을 보였다. The influences of reserpine and cocaine on the changes of brain ana cardiac norepinephrine (NE) contents and plasma corticosterone level induced by ketamine in mice were studied. The results obtained were summarized as follow: 1) Various doses(5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg and 40 mg/kg) of ketamine gradually increased the plasma corticosterone levels in 30 minutes, especially 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg dose treatments markedly increased the levels. 2) Brain and cardiac NE contents were decreased in 30 minutes and 60 minutes after ketamine treatment. 3) The plasma corticosterone level induced by ketamine was decreased by reserpine pretrement(36 hr.) but not affected by cocaine pretreatment(15 min.). 4) Brain and cardiac NE contents induced by ketamine were decreased by reserpine pretreatment, but increased by cocaine pretreatment.

경북지역 테마마을 방문객의 식사관련 서비스 품질 기대와 만족에 관한 연구

김양숙(Kim Yang Suk),이인선(Lee In Seon),김행란(Kim Haeng Ran),최정숙(Choe Jeong Sook) 한국지역사회생활과학회 2006 한국지역사회생활과학회지 Vol.17 No.1

연구논문 : 학교급식의 가열조리후처리 음식(오징어채소무침)에 대한 미생물학적 품질 평가

김양숙 ( Yang Sook Kim ),문혜경 ( Hye Kyung Moon ) 한국식품조리과학회(구 한국조리과학회) 2014 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.30 No.1

A microbiological quality evaluation on cooked food, food materials and cooking equipment was conducted in 14 school food services in Changwon area, South Korea for Ojingeochaesomoochim (vegetable salad with blanched squid) which went through cooking process after heating treatment. Only 5 schools out of the 14 (35.7%) observed the sanitization criteria of the Korean School Meals Sanitization Management for raw vegetables (concentration of chlorine solution: 100ppm, immersion time of sanitizing: 5 min). The acceptance rates regarding the microbial standards for Korean school meals showed improvement before and after of sanitization: for onions 57.1% vs 71.4%; cucumber 42.9% vs. 78.6%. However, garlic showed adverse sanitizing effect as the acceptance rate went down from 42.9% to 35.7%. Blanched squid and red pepper paste was acceptable in all 14 schools (100%), while squid seasoned with red pepper powder was acceptable in only 42.9% of the schools. Microbial results for knives, cutting boards, mixing bowls were satisfactory, however 35.7% of sanitary gloves that were put on right before the seasoning showed poor sanitization, and this indicated high probability of cross-contamination from the gloves. We calculated that 57.1% of the cooked foods were in accordance with the microbial standards for Korean school meals. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to have verification process, especially on the effectiveness of sanitization of raw vegetables, in cooking foods through cooking process after heating treatment in HACCP system of school food service

급식소 식품접촉표면 위생 모니터링 도구로서의 ATP Luminometer 적합성 확인

김양숙(Yang-Sook Kim),문혜경(Hey-Kyung Moon),강성일(Seong-Il Kang),남은정(Eun-Jeong Nam) 한국식품영양과학회 2010 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.39 No.11

창원시 소재 단체급식소 4개소에서 사용하는 칼(12 ㎠), 도마(100 ㎠), 고무장갑(손바닥과 손가락 사이)의 표면을 대상으로 ATP Luminometer와 일반세균수용 건조필름을 이용한 미생물 배양법을 함께 적용하여 ATP(RLU)와 APC(CFU)을 측정하였다. 통계분석 결과, 3가지 조리도구 모두에서 ATP(RLU)와 APC(CFU) 간에 유의적인 양의 상관성이 존재하였다. 각 도구별 상관계수는 칼 0.84(p<0.001), 도마 0.79(p<0.001), 고무장갑 0.78(p<0.001)로 나타났다. 본 실험은 단체급식 현장에 적합한 ATP Luminometer 가이드라인을 설정하기에 앞서 실시간적인 표면 위생 모니터링 도구로서의 사용 적합성을 살펴 본 예비실험이며, 도출된 회귀식을 이용하여 도구별 ATP(RLU) 가이드라인을 설정하고 검증할 예정이다. The purpose of this study was to verify feasibility of using a ATP Luminometer, real-time hygiene monitoring tool for food contact surfaces in foodservices. For this, 54 cutting boards, 70 knives, 21 rubber gloves in 4 institutional foodservices were studied. ATP (RLU: relatively light unit) values by ATP Luminometer were compared with APC (CFU: colony forming unit) of swabbing culture method using aerobic count plates of 3M petrifilm. ATP ranged from 0 RLU/㎠ to 64693 RLU/㎠ on knives, from 0.1 RLU/㎠ to 6743.6 RLU/㎠ on cutting boards and from 31 RLU/㎠ to 465635 RLU/㎠ on the rubber gloves. APC ranged from 0 CFU/㎠ to 166667 CFU/㎠ on knives, from 0 CFU/㎠ to 1000 CFU/㎠ on cutting boards and from 0 CFU/㎠ to 730000 CFU/㎠ on the rubber gloves. To express the degree of association between ATP and APC, a linear regression was performed. There were significant positive correlations found between log RLU and log CFU on the knives (r=0.84, p<0.001), the cutting boards (r=0.79, p<0.001), the rubber gloves (r=0.78, p<0.001). Results of this study showed the possibility that ATP bioluminescence technique can be used as the monitoring tool for surface hygiene in foodservices.

“We Are Not Foreigners”: Constructing Migrant Subjects through Korean Chinese Migrants’ Claims-Making in South Korea

Yang-Sook Kim(김양숙),Yi-Chun Chien 고려대학교 한국사연구소 2021 International Journal of Korean History Vol.26 No.2

이 연구는 시민권은 단순히 국가로부터 수여되는 권리의 총체라고 보는 전통적인 법적 접근을 넘어 어떻게 시민권이 다양한 행위자들 간 상호작용 속에서 확장되고 재구성되는지를 재한 중국동포 이주민들의 사례를 통해 고찰한다. 이주민의 시민권을 둘러싼 끊임없는 정치적 투쟁과 협상을 분석함에 있어 저자들은 특히 중국동포들이 누가 한국 사회에서 정당한 공동체의 일원으로서 (외국인들보다) 더 나은 처우를 받아야 마땅한가를 주장하는 논리에 주목한다. 이주민들과 이주민 관련 시민단체 활동가들, 관련 정책 담당 공무원들과의 심층 인터뷰를 분석한 결과 중국동포들은 분단 이전으로 거슬러 올라가는 한반도의 역사적 서사와 혈연적 연속성, 문화적 친화성, 한국 경제에의 실질적 기여와 인권이라는 논리들로 한민족 공동체의 정당한 일원으로서 자신들의 주체를 재구성한다. 이러한 논리는 이주민들을 인종적, 국가주의적 논리로 타자화 하고 차별하는 한국 사회에서 영원한 타자인 ‘외국인’이 되지 않으려는 이들의 인식을 반영하지만, 동시에 그러한 위계적 질서에 동조함으로서 그 질서를 공고히 하는 데 기여한다. In this paper, we approach citizenship as a claims-making process consisting of social construction practices that emerge from ongoing negotiations and contestations. We examine the migrant subject-making process of Korean Chinese migrants in South Korea. We draw on the voices of migrants to discuss how Korean Chinese construct their migrant subjectivity by mobilizing a collective understanding of ethnonational belonging and thereby deploy distinctive strategies to support their claims. Our analysis of the data gathered from ethnographic observations and interviews with Korean Chinese migrant workers, activists, South Korean bureaucrats, and policymakers show that Korean Chinese migrants have called upon blood ties and ethnic affinity, continued allegiance, economic contributions, and human rights to construct themselves as legitimate candidates for citizenship in South Korea. By shifting our analytical focus from the state to the migrant subjectivity that emerges through day-to-day negotiations, we aim to unpack the complicated dynamics of social constructions of citizenship.

교사의 학산적 발문이 있는 대화학습이 유아의 그림 표현능력 신장에 미치는 영향

김양숙(Kim Yang-Sook),이미숙(Lee Mi-Sook) 가톨릭대학교 생활과학연구소 2004 생활과학연구논집 Vol.24 No.1

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of conversational learning with teacher's divergent questions on the improvement of children's painting expression capabilities. The subjects of this study were 40 (20 in experimental group and 20 in control group) children with 5-year-old in one kindergarten of Kimpo City. This study used the modified Painting Expression Capabilities Evaluation Criteria used by Geum-Seon Lee (1999). The painting expression capabilities of children were scaled in six areas (line, shape, color, content, dynamism, and creativity). The result of this study were as follows; Children in the experimental group who experienced conversational learning with teacher's divergent questions showed better painting expression capabilities (line, shape, color, content, dynamism, and creativity) than those who belonged to the control group. Therefore, teachers need to make the most of conversational learning with divergent questions in children's educational fields to improve their painting expression capabilities.

유방암 생존자의 장기간 복합 운동중재에 따른 기능적 체력과 골밀도의 변화

김양숙(Yang-Sook Kim),김미숙(Mi-Sook Kim) 한국생명과학회 2008 생명과학회지 Vol.18 No.7

본 연구는 유방암 절제술을 받은 40-60대의 기혼 중년을 대상으로 복합운동을 1년간 실시하여 골다공증약과 운동을 병행한 군과 운동군으로 나누어 기능적 체력과 골밀도에 미치는 효과를 분석하고 이에 따른 효과적인 운동프로그램의 기초자료를 제공하는데 있다. 대상자총 24명을 두군으로 나누어, 이중 18명은 골감소증과 골다공증 범위(T-score=-2.2±0.8)에 있으며 복합운동만을 실시하였다. 나머지 6명은 골다공증진단(T-score=-4.6±0.9)을 받고 골다공증약(Alendronate 70 ㎎/주 당)을 처방 받아 복용하면서 복합운동을 병행하여 실시하였다. 본 연구 결과, 기능적 체력 요소 중 좌전굴, 악력, 윗몸일으키기에서는 시기간에 유의한 향상을 보였다. 12개월 후, 골밀도의 변화는 복합운동군(N=18)에서는 변화가 없었으며, 복합운동과 골다공증약 복용(N=6)을 병행하고 있는 그룹은 유의한 개선을 나타냈다. 따라서 하타요가, 탄성밴드 및 볼 운동이 포함된 장기간 점진적 강도의 복합운동프로그램이 유방암절제술 여성의 기능적 체력의 개선 및 골밀도 지연에 효과가 있었고, 특히 운동과 골다공증약을 병행한 그룹에서 골다공증개선에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으므로, 유방암 수술 후 회복기 운동프로그램으로 적극 활용할 수 있도록 제안한다. 앞으로 대상자 수를 늘려 골다공증약과 운동과의 병행관계를 심층적으로 연구하고, 유방암 수술 후 운동중재프로그램의 유형 및 강도를 달리하여 유방암과 골밀도 및 운동과의 관련성을 연구 해 볼 필요가 있겠다. The study was to provide basic data and to examine the effect of combined exercise for 12 months on functional fitness and bone mineral density (BMD) in breast cancer survivors. The subjects of this study were 40 to 60-year-old married women (N=24) who finished their treatments chemotherapy and radiation therapy. They were divided into two groups that exercise group and exercise with alendronate group. Eighteen (T-score=-2.2±0.8) of the 24 women who were diagnosed osteopenia (N=15) and osteoporosis (N=3), participated in combined exercise (EG). The other six (T-score=-4.6±0.9) women who were diagnosed as osteoporosis (EDG), participated in the combined exercise program with osteoporosis drug (Alendronate 70 mg/w). The result of the analysis was as follows: Twelve months after, the participants (N=24) had a significant increase of the items such as sit and reach ups, grip strength (R and L) and sit ups test of functional fitness in the periods. In body composition, FM (fat mass) had significant decrease in periods. In the comparison of BMD, EG (N=18) had no change, while EDG (N=6) had significant improvement in L1, T12 and T-score after 12months. Consequently, complex exercise program (Hatha yoga, elastic band, gym ball) had positive effect on functional fitness and bone mineral density. We suggest that complex exercise program can be applied as recovery program after breast cancer surgery. Further research needs various and repetitive studies from more different targets or methods in the exercise program for its improvement.

“국가 공인 돌봄 전문가”와 “조선족 이모”: 이주민과 비이주민 돌봄 노동자들의 저항과 한계

김양숙(Kim, Yang-Sook) 한국이민학회 2022 한국이민학 = Korean journal of international migration Vol.9 No.1

학교 급식용 친환경 및 일반농법 채소류의 미생물적 품질 비교

김양숙 ( Yang Sook Kim ),문혜경 ( Hye Kyung Moon ) 대한영양사협회 2010 대한영양사협회 학술지 Vol.16 No.1

The purpose of this study was to determine basic information on the microbiological quality of environmentally friendly vegetables used in school foodservices. Comparisons were made on the microbiological quality of eight different kinds of vegetables grown by environmentally friendly agricultural methods and ordinary agricultural methods to determine if there were significant differences. In the raw materials, aerobic plate counts were as follows: lettuce 4.58∼7.43 log CFU/g, winter plowing chinese cabbage 5.61∼7.36 log CFU/g, Korean leek 5.81 log CFU/g to TNTC (too numerous to Count), cabbage 5.93∼6.43 log CFU/g, sesame leaves 3.15∼5.23 log CFU/g, cucumber 5.00∼5.79 log CFU/g, cherry tomato 2.96∼5.40 log CFU/g, paprika 1.30∼3.52 log CFU/g. In the comparison of the microbiological quality between environmentally friendly and ordinary agricultural vegetables, their acceptable ratio was the same (81.3%) and the mean aerobic plate counts was not significantly different. In the comparison of the microbiological quality between the leafy vegetables and the fruity vegetables, the fruity vegetables had a 100% acceptable ratio regardless of the agricultural method used to grow them, while the leafy vegetables had an acceptable ratio of 70%. In terms of the aerobic plate counts, the leafy vegetables had significantly higher counts; the leafy vegetables 5.87±1.18 log CFU/g, the fruity vegetables 4.12±1.54 log CFU/g.

학교급식 HACCP 검증 체크리스트 개선 -오징어채소무침을 중심으로-

김양숙 ( Yang Sook Kim ),문혜경 ( Hye Kyung Moon ),정혜진 ( Hye Jin Jeong ) 대한영양사협회 2012 대한영양사협회 학술지 Vol.18 No.3

The purpose of this study was the improvement and modification of the HACCP verification checklist in school foodservices. For this, the HACCP verification checklist was modified on the basis of an existing school foodservice format. The modified checklist was composed of 28 items, including CCPs (critical control points), microbial test, and other components of the HACCP system than CCPs. To confirm the suitability of the modified checklist, comparisons were made based on the microbiological quality of cooked foods, utensils, and number of aerial microbes in the working area. In this study, the applicability of the modified checklist was determined by focusing on cooked squid with seasoned fresh vegetables (Ojingeochaesomoochim). The following results were obtained from 14 schools in Changwon. The checklist scores for maintaining hot foods over 60oC or serving within 2 hours, microbial tests of drinking water, food contact surfaces and cooking utensils, monitoring tools, and usage of suitable sanitizers were 2 points each (The possible highest score is 2 points). On the contrary, the checklist score for microbial test of cooked foods was the lowest of all the items. The correlation coefficient (r) between the improved checklist and microbiological quality of cooked foods was 0.699 (P<0.01), whereas that between the improved checklist and microbiological quality of cooking utensils was 0.612 (P<0.05). The correlation coefficient between the improved checklist and aerial plate count in the working area was -0.556 (P<0.05). Our results indicate the potential possibility of using the HACCP verification checklist in school foodservices.