돼지 사육밀도가 증체 및 도체특성에 미치는 영향

김문철,김규일,양영훈,김충남,김훈,Kim M.C.,Kim K.I.,Yang Y.H.,Kim C.N.,Kim H. 한국축산환경학회 2006 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.12 No.2

우리나라의 비육돈 성장단계별 돈사의 소요면적이 제주환경에서 적합성 여부를 검토하기 위해 시험이 성장 3단계별로 수행되었고 우리나라에서 추천된 육성돈 돈사의 바닥소요면적 $0.56m^2$을 중간 수준으로 하며 저 및 고밀도 3수준 4반복 난괴법으로 처리하여 일일증체량 및 육질 등을 조사 분석하였다. 성장단계 1(체중 $43{\sim}65kg$ 범위)에서 중 밀도 구(돈사바닥 소요 면적, $0.56m^2/pig$)의 일일증체량은 저나 고 밀도 구 보다 유의적 증가를 보였다(P<0.05). 그러나 성장단계 2(체중$65{\sim}91kg$ 범위)와 3(체중 $91{\sim}105kg$ 범위)에서는 일일 증체량이 처리간 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 마지막 도살시 도체중이나 등 지방 두께는 저밀도구가 중이나 고밀도구 보다 높았다. 최종 육질 등급도 저밀도구에서 높은 추세였다. 결론적으로 볼 때 육성초기(체중 $43{\sim}65kg$ 범위)에는 중간 사육밀도가 다른 두 처리 보다 높은 일당증체량을 보였으나 그 이후는 처리간 사육밀도 차이를 얻지 못 했다. Studies were carried out using growing to finishing pigs to investigate adequate floor space ($m^2/pig$) in Jeju environment. A randomized block design was used to compare the effect of pig performance on 3 stocking rates (low $0.56 m^2/pig$, medium 0.70 and high 0.90). Liveweight gain and feed intake were measured over a 4 week(Growth stage 1 and Growth stage 2) period or a 3 week(Growth stage 3) period. In growth stage 1 (43 to 65 kg body weight ; BW), daily weight gain was significantly higher in the medium stocking rate than in low or high (P<0.05). However, no significant difference in daily weight gain was found among treatments in growth stage 2(65 to 91 kg) or 3 (91 to 105 kg). Dressing percentage, back fat thickness and carcass grade were also not different (P>0.05). In conclusion, daily weight gain of pigs reared in medium density appeared to be higher than in the other groups during the early growing period which is $0.70m^2/pig$ and similar to that recommended by National Livestock Research Institute, RDA.

제주한우의 사양관리와 번식상황이 격년분만에 미치는 영향 2 . 제주한우의 사사기간 중 사료급여상황 및 우체중변화에 관한 조사연구

김문철,김중계,김승찬 ( Monn chul Kim,Jung Key Kim,Seung chan Kim ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.4

To investigate the effect of giving different feeds, during the winter, 412 Cheju native and cross bred cows and heifers housed in villages were studied. 1. Results showed no appreciable difference amongst the 5 villages feeding different foods during the winter period. Percentage of farms feeding various brans, over 1㎏ per day, was 4.8%; a small quantity (0.5㎏) of various brans was fed daily to 46.6% and those feeding only natural hay, 48.6% 2. The number of villages feeding various braes is increasing and those feeding hay decreasing. Cattle weights decreased by 20-30㎏ monthly per head during the winter feeding period (Jan: Apr.) but by May increased in the range of 10-20㎏ per head with arrival of the new grass. 3. Comparison of monthly body weight changes of Cheju native cows and cross breds, Brahman cross breds showed the least body weight changes during winter while native and Santa cross bred cows the weight changes were considerable.

제주화산회토양에 있어서 목초의 인산이용에 관한 연구 2 . 흑색화산회토에서 orchardgrass 와 Iadino clover 의 용인과 인광석 이용

김문철,정창조,김동암 ( Moon chul Kim,Chang cho Choung,Dong am Kim ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.1

The growth responses of Dactylis glomerata and Trifolium repens to fused-phosphate and rock-phosphate were compared on the very dark brown and black volcanic grassland soil in the outdoor pot experiment. The results obtained were as follows. 1. Dry matter yield of orchardgrass and ladino clover on black soil increased as affected by fertilizer levels applied. There was a rapid increase in dry matter yield of orchardgrass, but a slow increase in ladino clover, only about half the dry matter yield compared to orchardgrass. 2. There was a similar effect on the DM of orchardgrass when fused phosphate was applied compared to rock-phosphate. However, in the case of ladino clover, there were greater dry matter yields with the application by fused phosphate than with rock phosphate. 3. The phosphorus content of orchardgrass grown in black soil increased according to the level of fertilizer applied. The orchardgrass to which fused phosphate was applied contained more p-concentration than that to which rock phosphate was applied. But that of ladino clover was not affected according to fertilizer levels applied. 4. In these two species investigated, there was no marked difference in Ca, Mg, and K content according to papplication level, method of mono-culture or mixture, and kind of phosphate fertilizers.

제주도내 부락공동목장에 있어서 개량목초의 계절별 영양성분 및 식생구성율변화에 관한 연구

김문철,김중계,김승찬 ( Moon chul Kim,Jung kye Kim,Seung chan Kim ) 한국축산학회 1983 한국축산학회지 Vol.25 No.4

To investigate the condition of improved grassland after 2-15 years establishment, six co-operative village farms were surveyed during Spring, Summer and Autumn. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The average daily weight gain of cross bred cattle was investigated and gains were found to be closely related to pasture yields. Yield declined as pastures got older. 2. Despite it being 15 years older, Ohra grassland, because of correct annual fertilizer application, compared favoriously with other farms. 3. The average botanical composition of the selected six farms was; 16% grass (tall fescue, orchardgrass, and ryegrass.), 9% legume (ladino clover), and 24% others (native grasses and weeds). Haweon farm after 2-5 years establishment had a weed composition of 8% compared with an average of 25% for other farms. 4. The chemical composition of surveyed improved pasture was 19.25% crude protein, 13.38% crude fiber, 8.85% Ash and 2.88% ether extract. 5. The percentage crude protein decreased as season advanced as follows: Spring 26.03%, summer 17.62% and Autumn; 14.4%. There was also a significant relationship between crude protein and daily weight gain.

화산회토양의 초지에서 용성인비와 인광석시용 토양의 유효인산과 목초내 P 함량에 미치는 효과

김문철,김동암,정창기,송성준 ( M . C . Kim,D . A . Kim,C . C . Choung,S . J . Song ) 한국축산학회 1986 한국축산학회지 Vol.28 No.7

An experiment was carried out to find out the effect of fused-P and rock-P applications to mixed pasture species (Orchardgrass; Dactylis glomerata, and ladino clover; Trifollum repens) grown in Cheju volcanic ash soils. Black soil when compared with very dark brown soil, is generally lower in available phosphorous. Phosphorus uptake in pasture species lowers its dry matter yield. In the case of carrier free, phosphorus application increased dry matter yield more than no phosphorus, while carrier was treated (0.5 mole KH₂PO⁴) there was no difference in the dry matter yield and available phosphorus between no P and P applications. When applied to pastures, fused-P compared with rock-P gave higher dry matter yields and increased P-uptake.

Italian ryegrass , Orchardgrass 및 Ladino clover 의 파종비율이 초년도에 있어서 목초의 생장 , 수량 및 식생비율에 미치는 영향

김문철,김동암 ( Moon Chul Kim,Dong Am Kim ) 한국축산학회 1976 한국축산학회지 Vol.18 No.2

This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of different seeding rats of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), orchardgrass(Dactylis glomerata) and ladino clover (Trifolium repens) on the establishment of pasture species, and yield and botanical composition of pasture mixtures in the seeding year over a period of 7 months from March to September, 1975. Five different seeding rates of Italian ryegrass (subplot treatments) 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0㎏ per 10a mixed with two different seeding rates of orchardgrass-ladino clover (mainplot treatments), such as 1.0㎏ of orchard grass with 0.1㎏ ladino clover (M₁) and 2.0㎏ orchardgrass with 0.2㎏ of ladino clover (M₂) were arranged as a split-plot design with three replications. The results obtained are as follows: 1. At the early stage of the experiment, the total dry matter yield of pasture species was significantly increased with increase in the seeding rates of Italian ryegrass, whereas no increasing effect was found when the seeding rates of Italian ryegrass(subspecies) increased at the final stage. 2. At the early stage, the different seeding rates of orchardgrass-ladino clover (keyspecies) had no effect on the total yield of pasture species, while at the final stage the total yield of pasture species was significantly increased in high seeding rates of orchardgrass-ladino clover. 3. Over the experimental period, the increase in the total dry matter yield of pasture species was proportional to the increase of Italian ryegrass seeding rates, but no difference was found between two seeding rates of orchardgrass-ladino clover. However, there was a significant interaction between the seeding rate of orchardgrass-ladino clover and that of Italian ryegrass for the dry matter yield of pasture species. 4. It was found that the dry matter yield of weeds decreased with increase in the rate of each pasture species over the experimental period. 5. In the seedling establishment of pasture species, no significant difference way found among different see3ing rates of Italian ryegrass, orchardgrass and ladino clover. 6. The total tiller number of orchardgrass and the node number of ladino clover per 600 em2 were proportionally decreased as the seeding rates of Italian ryegrass increased, however, the node number of ladino clover was increased when the seeding rates of Italian ryegrass increased. 7. At the early stage of the experiment, the botanical compositions of orchardgrass and ladino clover were decreased in proportion to the increasing seeding rates of Italian ryegrass. Nevertheless, there was a trend towards depression with slow curve on botanical compositions of orchardgrass and ladino clover in the high seeding rate of the key species. The different seeding rates of Italian ryegrass at the final stage gave no clear effects on the botanical compositions of each pasture species.

제주화산회토양에 있어서 목초의 인산이용에 관한 연구 1 . 농암갈색 화산회토양에 있어서 목초류의 인산비료이용

김문철,정창조,김동암 ( Moon chul Kim,Chang cho Choung,Dong am Kim ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.2

This study was carried out to determine the effect of phosphorus fertilizer in very dark brown volcanic ash soil. These trials were made to evaluate the dry matter yield and mineral concentration response of orchardgrass, perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, reed canarygrass and ladino clover. 1. On very dark brown soil, the best adapted pasture species were orchardgrass and ladino clover. Their dry matter yield increased with increasing levels of phosphorus fetilizer. 2. In proportion to the phosphorus application level, the phosphorus content of passture species increased. This increase was greater in legume species than in grass species. 3. Phosphorus application levels had little effect on Cai Mg and K content, but when no phosphorus was applied, the Ca, K and Mg content was higher. 4. With increased phosphorus application levels, the percentage N of grass species investigated decreased, while in legume species the N percentage increased.

제주도내 마을공동목장의 초지관리 이용 및 식생상태의 조사

김문철,박희석,이수일,김태구 ( Moon Chul Kim,Hee Seok Park,Su Il Lee,Tae Gu Kim ) 한국축산학회 1986 한국축산학회지 Vol.28 No.8

Pasture management and utilization for beef production, and botanical composition of the pasture on 81 cooperate village farms in Cheju-Do were surveyed through questionnaires and site visits. The study period was 28 days from October 2 to October 30, 1985. The pasture consisted of 45% improved grassland, in which 24.3% of grass species were imported. The improved pastures were fertilized once a year 100-150㎏ urea/㏊. Grazing period of the pastures was about 5 months, beginning late April or early May (60.5% of the pastures) and ending early-or mid-November (80.3%). Distribution of types of vegetation was, in order of magnitude, native pasture (38.7%), improved pasture (24.3%), shrub(10.0%), unfavorable weeds (8.3%). Species found with the highest percentage was Zoysia japonica (73.9%) in the native pasture, Festuca arundinacea (40.3%) in the improved pasture and Pterfdium aquilium (54.4%) among unfavorable weeds.

도입 청예맥류 Triticale 의 제주지역 적응성에 관한 연구

김문철,정창조 ( MOON CHUL KIM,CHANG CHO CHUNG ) 한국축산학회 1978 한국축산학회지 Vol.20 No.3

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the triticale as a green forage at the National University Livestock Research Farm, JEJU, during the period of October, 1976-September, 1977. The forage crops referred to are triticale, barley, wheat and Italian ryegrass. The results obtained are as follows: 1. In all cases, at maxium growth, forage crops mixed with hairy vetch gave better results than these grown separately. plant heights in order of merit, Italian ryegrass (140.5㎝), wheat(106.4㎝), triticale(102.9㎝) and barley(82.9㎝). 2. In the case of mixed treatments the botanical composition was changed from grass domination in early stages of growth to hairy vetch domination at advances growth and cutting times. 3. Total yield of freshly cut green forage material per 10a, Italian ryegrass(1.314㎏), wheat(530㎏), barley(433㎏), and triticale(423㎏). A high statistical significance was obtained in dry matter yield of the mixed treatments compared with the pure one (p$lt;0.01). There eras highly a significant difference between Italian ryegrass and the other species(p$lt;0.01). But no significant differences were found when the other species were compared with each other. 4. The nutritive value of forages was highest in the early stage of growth, and became progressively lower as the plants advanced in maturity. Forages which included vetch appeared to be higher in digestibility than these some sown singly, Italian ryegrass among the fewer species showed the highest digestibility coefficient.

폭발용사 코팅의 기술 현황

김문철(M . C . Kim),김선복(S . B . KIm),황순영(S . Y . Hwang),장영원(Y . W . Chang) 대한금속재료학회 1994 大韓金屬學會會報 Vol.7 No.1