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유방암 환자에 있어서 Breast CT의 유용성과 피폭선량 비교에 관한 고찰
구선미(Seon Mi Koo),이경숙(Kyung Sook Lee),김석배(Seok Bae Kim) 대한CT영상기술학회 2005 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.7 No.1
Purpose Nowadays the breast cancer is one of the most important cause of female cancer attack rate in Korea due to many reasons of changes of dietary, variations of female hormone, diversities of lactation and so on. To diagnose this disease, mommography and breast sono graphy are universally accepted but additionally breast MRI and breast CT tests are the most prevalent treats recently. First, Breast CT test allows us to figure out accurate lesions using reorganized 3D(three dementional methods) before operations and make a thorough examination for the presence of changes including axial image. Moreover it can be found out shapes of lesion, changes of lymph node and enhancement pattern. Second, it makes cut down shortcomings of previous CT tests because of scanning with minimum radiation exposure level. Subjects and Methods From jan. 2003 to dee. 2004 we designated 55 patients from commitments who were suffering from breast cancers through tests about mammogarphy, breast sono graphy, breast biopsy. With Breast CT test, patients need to take a position with PRO, LPO which contacts with test strips and then put hands up over one’s head. Finally they are injected contrast materials. we have a scan for 90 sec. after infusion of them. And on passing away 300 sec., we also scan in order to identify states that are washed out of blood vessels. Entire amount of contrast materials is 130ml and similar to amounts took use of common CT tests as 3ml per second. Phantoms are used with 4 slice MDCT as a test methods about a permissible radiation exposure level. we measured permissible radiation exposure level in first scanning at 0 o’clock and 8 o’clock and made them calculate in terms of CTDI. Used materials • 4 slice MDCTSomatom Volume Zoom(Siemens Medical Systems, Germany) • Auto injector-Envision CT (Medrad) • Contrast Media- non-ionic contrast. media Ultravist 370(lopromide, Schering) • Workstation-Rapidia(INFINIT) • CT ionization chamber • Radiation dose phantom • Electrometer (reader equipment) Results Lesions(malignant tumor) are 30HU in Pre-CE, 89.7HU IN 90sec-delay, 77.2HU in 300sec-delay in accordance with contrast enhancements and have fixed rate. CTDIDLP levels for such a test are distinguished such as breast CT 297mG, low dose CT 324mGy, chest CT 1206mGy. And breast CT test is the lowest or similar level. Consequences Breast tests which didn’t accepted in the past due to a great deal of dose, have extreme resolving power thanks to a development of MDCT(multi detecter computed tomography) and make resolving power be minimized and reduce test period. It allows us figure out lesions and give a hand while diagnosing additional lesion defections. Malignant tumors are identified through a pattern as contrast enhancements and help operation methods to be varied. In addition, though using reorganized 3D(three dementional methods), sham plans before operation can be available because we are able to see the whole shapes of breast, the appearances of blood supply and place of lymph node in 3D not just one section. As women, their breasts are so sensitive and delicate that we can call them as “women’s pride”. With current medicine, we should take a consideration so that patients can spend their remaining in quality. In order to make a diagnosis, acquiring superior image quality is the important thing the society is confronted with.
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윤재석,구선미,이택형,송윤정,성선화,김영훈,차혜진,한경문,신지순,오호경,정기경,안치영,박혜경,김형수 한국응용약물학회 2017 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.25 No.3
Synthetic cannabinoids are one of most abused new psychoactive substances. The recreational use of abused drug has aroused serious concerns about the consequences of these drugs on infection. However, the effects of synthetic cannabinoid on resistance to tetanus toxin are not fully understood yet. In the present study, we aimed to determine if the administration of synthetic cannabinoids increase the susceptibility to tetanus toxin-induced motor behavioral deficit and functional changes in cerebellar neurons in mice. Furthermore, we measured T lymphocytes marker levels, such as CD8 and CD4 which against tetanus toxin. JWH-210 administration decreased expression levels of T cell activators including cluster of differentiation (CD) 3ε, CD3γ, CD74p31, and CD74p41. In addition, we demonstrated that JWH-210 induced motor impairment and decrement of vesicle-associated membrane proteins 2 levels in the cerebellum of mice treated with tetanus toxin. Furthermore, cerebellar glutamatergic neuronal homeostasis was hampered by JWH-210 administration, as evidenced by increased glutamate concentration levels in the cerebellum. These results suggest that JWH-210 may increase the vulnerability to tetanus toxin via the regulation of immune function.
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A Study on Inclusive Growth on APEC Economies: Focusing on Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)
김다솜(Dasom Kim),구선미(Sunmi Koo),홍혜기(Haegi Hong) 한국APEC학회 2020 Journal of APEC Studies Vol.12 No.2
The latest development model, known as “inclusive growth,” is a practical solution to current issues: wealth gap, income inequality, severe environmental pollution, and waste of resources. APEC promotes inclusive growth with different initiatives and frameworks to strike a balance between economic and sustainable development. This paper explores and examines SMEs as potential sources for APEC member economies’ inclusive growth as SMEs contribute about 20 percent to 50 percent of GDP in most APEC economies. However, SMEs only account for 35 percent or less of direct exports. This shows that there is some room for improvement in SME’s contribution to international trade. In this regard, SMEs have been APEC’s focus for inclusive growth with advancing youth and women’s engagement to economic activity. Youth has been a significant part of APEC’s agenda since 1998. Women have been listed as an important agenda in APEC since 1999 and listed as one of four priority areas of APEC in 2019. Youth and women are often referred to as economically vulnerable groups. However, if they are empowered with adequate policies and practices, they can generate individual income and develop successful small and mediumsized businesses. In this regard, we examine definitions and current status of SMEs in APEC member economies, explore good policies and practices regarding the subject and provide recommendations for future policies and practices for these cross-cutting issues in APEC.
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