Pellet 사료에 관한 연구 제8보 펠릿트사료의 제조온도가 부로일러의 영양소 이용율에 미치는 영향

곽종형,한인규 ( C . H . Kwack,I . K . Han ) 한국축산학회 1973 한국축산학회지 Vol.15 No.4

To investigate the effects of pelleting temperature on the nutrient utilization of broiler chicks this experiment was carried out with 36 broiler chicks. The results obtained were as follow; 1. Though there was no significant difference between treatments dry matter utilization of broiler chicks slightly increased as the pelleting temperature increased. Chicks fed all-mash ration showed better utilization (p$lt;0.05) of the dry matter than chicks fed pellet processed at 70℃. 2. However, the utilization of crude protein and nitrogen retention were not affected by pelleting temperature. Crude protein was more effectively utilized when all-mash ration was fed to the chicks than the pellet processed at 70℃ was fed. 3. Utilization of crude fat was not affected by pelleting temperature. In the case of sex difference utilization of crude fat was significantly (p$lt;0.01) higher in the male chicks than in the female chicks. 4. Utilization of crude fiber by chicks fed pelleted ration generally was lover than all mash fed group. 5. However utilization of nitrogen free extract was not affected by pelleting temperature and physical form (all-mash vs. pelleted) of ration.

Pellet 사료에 관한 연구 제6보 Pellet 사료의 제조온도가 Broiler 의 성장율 , 사료효율 , 탈모 및 피부착색에 미치는 영향

곽종형 ( C H Kwack ),이경산 ( K S Rhee ) 한국축산학회 1973 한국축산학회지 Vol.15 No.1

This experiment was carried out to study the effect of pellet processing temperature on the growth rate, diet intake, feed efficiency, depilation, pigmentation and mortality of broiler chicks. The number of birds used were 240 (male:120, female: 120. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Growth rate was not affected by the pelleting temperature for the male chicks but was decreased in proportion to the increase of temperature for the female chicks. 2. Diet intake was increased in accordance with the decrease of pelleting temperature for the malt chicks. However, for the female chicks diet intake was not affected by the pelleting temperature. 3. Feed efficiency was not affected by the pelleting temperature for both male chicks and female chicks 4. Depilation was found to be higher degree for the male chicks than for the female chicks.. However, the increase of depilation observed by the male chicks was affected by the canibalism. 5. Pigmentation was not different by the sex of chicks and pelleting temperature. 6. Mortality was not detected in all treatments and health condition of chicks was good throughout the experimental period.

Pellet 사료에 관한 연구 제4보 영양수준을 달리한 펠릿트 사료가 부로일러의 체조성에 미치는 영향

곽종형,한인규 ( C . H . Kwack,I . K . Han ) 한국축산학회 1972 한국축산학회지 Vol.14 No.1

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of plane of nutrition by pellet ration on the body composition of broiler chicks. Content of protein and energy in low plane (Low) was 18% and 2,200㎉/㎏, respectively, and that of medium plane (Medium) was 20% and 2,650㎉/㎏, and that of high plane (High) was 22% and 3,100㎉/㎏, respectively. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Dry matter content of chicks increased as the level of dietary protein and dietary energy increased. However, there was no significant difference among three treatments. 2. In the body composition of wet basis, moisture content of chicks increased as the level of dietary protein and dietary energy decreased. On the contrary, fat content increased as the level of dietary energy increased. However, content of calcium and phosphorus in the chick bodyes was not affected by the plane of nutrition. 3. In the body composition of dried basis, body protein content increased as the level of dietary protein decreased. On the contrary, body fat content increased as the level of dietary energy increased. However, there was no difference in the content of calcium and phosphorus by the plane of nutrition. 4. Calorific value of the chick tissue fed pellet ration was not influenced by the level of dietary protein and dietary energy.

아미노산 첨가수준에 따른 산란계용 사료의 단백질 절약효과

곽종형,강대진,고영두,하정기,한인규,김성겸 ( C . H . Kwack,D . J . Kang,Y . D . Ko,J . K . Ha,In K . Han,S . K . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1981 한국축산학회지 Vol.23 No.6

To investigate the protein sparing effect of DL-methionine and L-lysin on the laying hen ration, the present experiment with a total of 288 hens (Hi-sex commercial hens) was carried out for a period of 14 weeks (23-36 weeks). In this experiment 8 treatments ((1) control, CP 16%; (2) basal, CP 14% (3)basal +L-lysine 0.1% ; (4) basal+L-lysine 0.2% ; (5) basal+DL-methionine 0.1 % ; (6) basal+DL-methionine 0.2%; (7) basal+L-lysine 0.1%+DL-methionine 0.1 %; and (8) basal+L-lysine 0.2%+DL-methionine 0.2%) were employed. Metabolism trial was conducted at the end of feeling trial. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The highest egg production was obtained from the group of basal+L-lysine 0.2%+DL-methionine 0.2% and the lowest from the group of basil +L-lysine 0.2%. But no statistically significant difference was found among all the treatments. 2. The heaviest egg weight was obtained from the group of basal+L-lysine 0.2%+DL-methionine 0.2% and the lightest was obtained from basal+L-lysine 0. 1%. But no significant difference was found among all the treatments. 3 . In feed intake, significant (p$lt;0.05) differences were found among treatment groups. Higher feed consumptions were generally resulted from the groups supplemented with L-lysine and/or DL-methionine. 4. Best, feed efficiency was obtained from control group, and the worst from the group of basal+L-lysine 0.1%+DL-methionine 0.1%. But no significant difference was found among all the treatments. 5. Nutrient utilization was not affected by supplementation with L-lysine and/or DL-methionine. 6. Feed cost per Kg egg mass production was in order of basal, basal +L-lysine 0.1%, basal+L-methionine 0.1%, basal+L-lysine 0.2%+DL-methionine 0.2%, control, basal+L-lysine 0.2%, basal+L-lysine 0.1%+DLmethionine 0.1%, and basal+DL-methionine 0.2%. Therefore, based on the results of this experiment, it is concluded that supplementation of L-Lysine and DL -Methionine at the level of 0.2% respectively with the basal ration(14% protein) would be able to spare 2% dietary protein.

우리나라 중부지방의 사슴사육 실태조사

곽종형(C . H . Kwack),강대진(D . J . Kang),안병홍(B . H . Ahn),송준익(J . I . Song) 한국영양사료학회 1994 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

볏짚의 과산화수소처리가 젖소의 반추위내 건물 소실율 및 분해특성에 미치는 영향

곽종형(C . H . Kwack),김훈회(H . H . Kim),윤상기(S . G . Yun),김현섭(H . S . Kim),권응기(U . G . Kwon),김재황(J . H . Kim),유성오(S . O . Yoo) 한국영양사료학회 1995 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.19 No.5

Pellet 사료에 관한 연구 제 9 보 Pellet 사료 ( 제조온도 70℃ ) 와 All - mash 사료가 Broiler 의 체조성에 미치는 영향

곽종형,한인규,이경산 ( C . H . Kwack,I . K . Han,K . S . Lee ) 한국축산학회 1974 한국축산학회지 Vol.16 No.2

To compare the effect of pelleted ration and all-mash ration containing isoprotein and isocalorie (20%-2650 ㎉/㎏) on the body composition of broiler chicks, this experiment was carried out. The results obtained were as follows: 1. There was no significant difference between pelleted ration and all-mash ration on the dry matter content of chicks. 2. In the body composition on wet or dried basis, chicks fed pelleted ration contained significantly (P$lt;0.01) more fat than those fed all-mash ration. On the other hand, the protein, ash and calcium contents were significantly (P$lt;0.01) higher in the chicks fed all-mash ration than in the chicks fed pelleted ration. 3. Female chicks contained significantly (P$lt;0.05) more fat than male but the contents of protein and calcium was significantly (P$lt;0.05) higher in the male chicks than in the female chicks. 4. However, phosphorus content of chicks on the wet basis was not affected by ration or sex of birds. On the dried basis, chicks fed all-mash ration contained significantly (P$lt;0.01) more phosphorus than chicks fed pelleted ration did. 5. Caloric value of the chick tissues fed pelleted ration was significantly (P$lt;0.01) higher than that of chicks fed all-mash ration on the wet or dried basis.

우리나라 남부지방의 사슴사육 실태조사

곽종형(C . H . Kwack),강대진(D . J . Kang),안병홍(B . H . Ahn) 한국축산학회 1991 한국축산학회지 Vol.33 No.8

This survey was carried out to investigate the feeding situation of Sika deer, Red deer and Elk raised in the southern district of Korea. Herd size of deer investigated was divided into two groups of above 10 heads and below 10 heads. Questionnaire and inquiry were carried out simultaneously. The results obtained are as follows. 1. As for the educational background of deer farm owners, high school graduates were above 78% and owners averaged 8.52 years in deer farm management. 2. In the management type, 29% of owners specialized in a deer industry and 71% of owners kept deer farming as a side line. 3. Among breeds of deer raised, Sika deer(84.10%), was the principal breed and average number of deer per farm was 26.6 heads. 4. Rations for growing cattle were fed most frequently as concentrates for deer. Native grasses and leaves of trees were offered largely as roughages. During the winter season, kudzu hay, alfalfa cube and acacia leaf hay were mainly offered. 5. Male Sika deer consumed 2.02 to 2.52㎏ of feed daily and took 0.30 to 0.45㎏ of crude protein. Daily ME intake per metabolic body size ranged from 174.6 to 193.6㎉. Female Sika deer consumed 1.63 to 2.46㎏ of feed daily and took 0.24 to 0.44㎏ cf crude protein. Daily ME intake per metabolic body size ranged from 190.3 to 248.5㎉. Sika deer consumed less feed and nutrients during the winter season than during the spring, summer and autumn seasons. 6. Male Red deer consumed 3.41 to 3.91㎏ of feed daily and took 0.56 to 0.70㎏ of crude protein. Daily ME intake per metabolic body size ranged from 185 to 195㎉. Female Red deer consumed 2.78 to 3.48㎏ of feed daily and took 0.43 to 0.63㎏ of crude protein. Daily ME intake per metabolic body size ranged from 194 to 211㎉. Red deer consumed less feed and nutrients during the winter season than during the spring, summer and autumn seasons. 7. Male Elk consumed 6.41 to 8.29㎏ of feed daily and took 1.17 to 1.18㎏ of crude protein. Daily ME intake per metabolic body size ranged from 194 to 236㎉ and EIk took more energy during the winter season than during the spring, summer and autumn seasons. Female EIk consumed 7.76 to 7.77㎏ of feed daily and took 1.10 to 1.23㎏ of crude protein. Daily ME intake per metabolic body size was 254㎉. 8. About 50% of deer farms has a holding pen and diarrhea was the most frequently occurred disease. 9. The amount of velvet production from an adult deer per year was 0.88㎏ in Sika deer, 2.31㎏ in Red deer and 9.84㎏ in EIk. The amount of blood shed in case of harvesting velvet was 699㎖ in Sika deer, 1,369 ㎖ in Red deer and 2,685㎖ in Elk. According to the above results, it may be concluded that the moderate herd size for raising. deer is 40 heads for Sika deer, 20 heads for Red deer and 10 heads for EIk. Feeds used in example 1 to 12 were approximately adequate to the energy and protein requirements for deer by breeds, body weight and sex during four seasons. However, in the calcium and phosphorus contents shown in example l to 12, it needs to draw an attention that phosphorus content of ration was slightly lower than the requirement.

Pellet 사료에 관한 연구 제10보 Pellet 사료의 제조온도가 Broiler 의 체조성에 미치는 영향

곽종형,한인규 ( C . H . Kwack,I . K . Han ) 한국축산학회 1974 한국축산학회지 Vol.16 No.4

To investigate the effects of pelleting temperatures (40, 55, 70, 85, 100℃) on the body composition of broiler chicks this experiment was carried out with 30 broiler chicks of 8 weeks old. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The content of dry mattes in the body of chicks was not affected either by pelleting temperature or set. 2. In the body composition on wet basis, male; chicks ted rations of the various pellet ing temperatures had significantly higher content of protein (p$lt;0.05), ash, calcium (p$lt;0.01) and phosphorus (p$lt;0.01) than female chicks. On the contrary, female chicks fed pelleted rations of the various pelleting temperatures had slightly higher content of body fat than male chicks. 3. In the body composition on dried basis, pelleting temperatures did not influence the deposit of nutrients in the chick bodies. However. body protein content was significantly (p$lt;0.05) higher in male chicks and body fat content in female chicks. On the other hand, content of ash, calcium and phosphorus in the body of boiler cricks were not affected by pelleting temperatures and by sex. 4. Calorific value of the chick tissues was not affected by pelleting temperatures. In the case of sex, calorific value of female chick v; as significantly (p$lt;0.05) higher than that of male chick.

고령토의 사료적가치에 관한 연구 2 . 고령토의 첨가수준이 병아리의 영양소이용율에 미치는 영향

안병홍,하정기,곽종형 ( B . H . Ahn,J . K . Ha,C . H . Kwack ) 한국축산학회 1979 한국축산학회지 Vol.21 No.4

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of kaolin supplementation from 1% to 6% on the nutrient utilization of egg type chickens of Babcock, The results obtained were as follows: 1. Dry matter utilization of chicken fed the different levels of kaolin was slightly improved as the levels of kaolin supplementation were hither, However, no statistical differences were found out on the dry matter utilization between treatments, 2. Crude protein utilization and nitrogen retention of chicken fed tire different levers of kaolin were significantly (P$lt;0.01) improved as the levels of kaolin supplementation were generally higher. Treatments supplemented with 5%, and 6% of kaolin had a higher crude protein utilization and nitrogen retention compared with those of other treatments. 3. NFE utilization was greatly (P$lt;0.01) improved and fat utilization was greatly (P$lt;0.01) decreased as the levels of kaolin supplementation were higher. 4. In general, crude fiber utilization was slightly improved as the levels of kaolin supplementation were higher, However it was found that there were a great differences between treatments.